A global Swin-Unet Sentinel-2 surface reflectance-based cloud and cloud shadow detection algorithm for the NASA Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) dataset by Haiyan Huang, David P. Roy, Hugo De Lemos, Yuean Qiu, Hankui K. Zhang

“…The Swin-Unet thin cloud class had low accuracy (0.604 F1-score) likely due to atmospheric correction issues and thin cloud variability that are discussed. …”
Get full text

Challenges Facing Developers of Diagnostic Tests for Sepsis: A Report From Sepsis Alliance and the Infection Management and Sepsis Collaborative Community by Michael T. McCurdy, MD, FCCM, Timothy E. Sweeney, MD, PhD, Debra Foster, BSc, Bobby Reddy, Jr, PhD, Steven Q. Simpson, MD, for Sepsis Alliance and the Infection Management and Sepsis Collaborative Community (IMSCC) Panelists, Sandy Cayo, Matthew Churpek, Shannon Davila, Paul Epner, Jon Glaudemans, Helen Haskell, Thomas Heymann, Nina Hill, Cindy Hou, Ashish Khanna, Marianne Kraemer, Greg Martin, Emi Minejima, Nicholas Mohr, Anurag Patel, Christa Schorr, Uzma Syed, Andre Vovan

“…Expert review, structured interviews, and small group discussions with experienced clinicians and experts in diagnostic test development and regulatory issues. SETTING:. A series of large and small group conference calls conducted from January 2023 to September 2024, along with a review of the available evidence and scope of the issue. …”
Get full text

Social determinants of health extraction from clinical notes across institutions using large language models by Vipina K. Keloth, Salih Selek, Qingyu Chen, Christopher Gilman, Sunyang Fu, Yifang Dang, Xinghan Chen, Xinyue Hu, Yujia Zhou, Huan He, Jungwei W. Fan, Karen Wang, Cynthia Brandt, Cui Tao, Hongfang Liu, Hua Xu

“…We aim to address these issues by creating cross-institutional corpora and developing and evaluating the generalizability of classification models, including large language models (LLMs), for detecting SDoH factors using data from four institutions. …”
Get full text

Comprehensive Monitoring of Construction Spoil Disposal Areas in High-Speed Railways Utilizing Integrated 3S Techniques by Xiaodong Hu, Bo Xia, Yongqi Guo, Yang Yin, Huihua Chen

“…Inadequate monitoring of spoil disposal areas can lead to significant environmental issues, including soil erosion and geological hazards such as landslides and debris flows, while also hindering the recycling and reuse of construction spoil, thereby impeding the achievement of circular economy and sustainable development goals for high-speed railways. …”
Get full text

THE NEXUS BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL TAX COMPETITIVENESS AND THE SHADOW ECONOMY: A CROSS-COUNTRIES ANALYSIS by І. Tiutiunyk, О. Mazurenko, S. Spodin, R. Volynets, M. Hladkovskyi

“…It is concluded that the level of research on these issues in international scientometric publications has been significantly intensified since 2003 and 2005. …”
Get full text

Enhanced Conformer-Based Speech Recognition via Model Fusion and Adaptive Decoding with Dynamic Rescoring by Junhao Geng, Dongyao Jia, Zihao He, Nengkai Wu, Ziqi Li

“…While its development drives global information infrastructure and AI strategies, current models still face challenges such as overfitting, local optima, and inefficiencies in decoding accuracy and computational cost. These issues cause instability and long response times, hindering AI’s competitiveness. …”
Get full text

Advances in colorectal cancer screening and detection: a narrative review on biomarkers, imaging and preventive strategies by Adil khan, Uswa Hasana, Iman Anum Nadeem, Swara Punit Khatri, Shayan Nawaz, Qurat Ulain Makhdoom, Shahab Wazir, Kirtan Patel, Mohamd Ghaly

“…Hope for more individualized and efficient CRC screening and prevention are provided by new research on biomarkers and technological advancements like artificial intelligence and polygenic risk classification. Conclusion With a variety of invasive and non-invasive techniques available to identify cancer early. …”
Get full text

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics: Opportunities, Prospects and Risks by Nataliia Sheliemina

“…This study focuses on the AI application in the diagnostic field, as it is revolutionising the medical industry by offering new opportunities for accurate disease detection, classification, and prediction of treatment outcomes. …”
Get full text

Criminal legal basis for an expedited trial procedure provided by the chapter 40 of the Russian Criminal Procedure Code by A. V. Boyarskaya

“…In addition, the classification of crimes enshrined in Article 15 of the Russian Criminal Code is based on such a criterion as the nature and degree of public danger of the crime. …”
Get full text

Proper performance of duties that ensure the adversarial nature of criminal proceedings in Russia by E. N. Petukhov, M. A. Neymark

“…The views of scientists on the issues studied in the article are studied, analyzed and evaluated.Conclusions. …”
Get full text

The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Postoperative Complication of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study by Wen-Yu Jao, Chih-Cheng Lai, Chi-Sheng Chien, Yi-Ju Li

“…The virus is associated with lasting systemic issues beyond acute infection. However, the potentially heightened risk of complications in pediatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains uncertain. …”
Get full text

Integration of Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Structural Connectivity for Automated Epileptogenic Zone Localization in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy by Linxia Xiao, Qingqing Zheng, Sixian Li, Yanjie Wei, Weixin Si, Yi Pan

“…Anatomical EZ boundaries were delineated by fusing the electrode position and classification information on brain atlas. The proposed method was evaluated based on the identification and localization performance of three epilepsy-related zones. …”
Get full text

AI-Driven Background Segmentation for High-Throughput 3D Plant Scans by Serkan Kartal, Jan Masner, Jana Kholova, Alexander Galba, Tharanya Murugesan, Rekha Baddam, Vojtech Mikes, Eva Kanska

“…This paper addresses these issues by introducing an AI-driven approach using a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model, leveraging RGB, spatial (XYZ), and near-infrared (NIR) data to enhance precision. …”
Get full text

Revolutionizing diagnosis of pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on CT: a systematic review of imaging analysis through deep learning by Fei Zhang, Hui Han, Minglin Li, Tian Tian, Guilei Zhang, Zhenrong Yang, Feng Guo, Maomao Li, Yuting Wang, Jiahe Wang, Ying Liu

“…The traditional methods for diagnosing and differentiating tuberculosis (TB) remain thorny issues, particularly in areas with a high TB epidemic and inadequate resources. …”
Get full text

Seasonal profile of trace metal contamination (Hg, Cd, Pb and Al) and biological contamination of atmospheric air in the city of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo by M. T. Mondo, I. C. Nsimanda, Willy LUSASI SWANA, K. C. Mulaji, K. V. Pwema, E. A. D. Musibono

“… Introduction Unpleasant fumes, odours, reduced visibility, health issues from pollutants, and property damage caused by dust and corrosive gases are significant challenges in urban and industrial areas. …”
Get full text

Research on the pollution characteristics of typical hazardous wastes in the non-ferrous smelting industry by WANG Fei, LI Xuebing, HUANG Qifei*, YANG Yufei

“…The findings from this study support the revision of hazardous waste classification in the smelting processes of copper, lead, zinc, and aluminum, as outlined in the National Catalogue of Hazardous Waste. …”
Get full text

Feature engineering through two-level genetic algorithm by Aditi Gulati, Armin Felahatpisheh, Camilo E. Valderrama

“…To address these issues, this study proposed a hierarchical two-level feature engineering approach. …”
Get full text

YOLOv11-BSD: Blueberry maturity detection under simulated nighttime conditions evaluated with causal analysis by Runqing Zhang, Wenhui Dong, Pengzhi Hou, Huiqin Li, Xiongwei Han, Qingqiang Chen, Fuzhong Li, Xiaoying Zhang

“…Accurate blueberry maturity classification is vital for the berry industry, affecting quality, shelf life, and processing efficiency. …”
Get full text

Near-real-time wildfire detection approach with Himawari-8/9 geostationary satellite data integrating multi-scale spatial–temporal feature by Lizhi Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Qianqian Yang, Linwei Yue, Jiang He, Xianyu Jin, Qiangqiang Yuan

“…However, existing wildfire detection methods neglect the full integration of spatial–temporal relationships across different scales, and thus suffer from issues of low robustness and accuracy in varying wildfire scenes. …”
Get full text

Modern Approaches to the Management of Children with Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome by Khadizha M. Emirova, Tatiana Yu. Abaseeva, Alexander A. Baranov, Nato D. Vashakmadze, Elena A. Vishneva, Galina A. Generalova, Ekaterina Yu. Zakharova, Tatiana A. Kaluzhnaya, Sergey I. Kutsev, Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova, Tamara P. Makarova, Tea V. Margieva, Sofya A. Mstislavskaya, Aleksandr L. Muzurov, Tatiana E. Pankratenko, Marina M. Shilova, Marina V. Fedoseenko

“…Experts of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia have developed modern guidelines on management of children with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). aHUS is ultra-rare (orphan) disease with progressive and relapsing course during the life with potentially life-threatening state. This article covers issues of disease etiology, pathogenesis, and classification. …”
Get full text