Surfactin from Bacillus subtilis enhances immune response and contributes to the maintenance of intestinal microbial homeostasis by Junpeng Jia, Mei Fu, Wenxin Ji, Ningna Xiong, Peng Chen, Jian Lin, Qian Yang

“…As the need for alternatives to traditional antibiotics continues to grow, surfactin’s ability to enhance host defense mechanisms against common pathogens without directly targeting them with antibiotics offers a strategic advantage. …”
Get full text

Multidrug-Resistant Infections and Metabolic Syndrome: An Overlooked Bidirectional Relationship by Carlo Acierno, Riccardo Nevola, Fannia Barletta, Luca Rinaldi, Ferdinando Carlo Sasso, Luigi Elio Adinolfi, Alfredo Caturano

“…Evidence is presented supporting the hypothesis that MetS increases host vulnerability to MDR pathogens, while chronic MDR infections may reciprocally induce systemic metabolic reprogramming. …”
Get full text

Dysregulation of lung epithelial cell homeostasis and immunity contributes to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease severity by Amy C. Sims, Alexandra Schäfer, Kenichi Okuda, Sarah R. Leist, Jacob F. Kocher, Adam S. Cockrell, Padraig E. Hawkins, Minako Furusho, Kara L. Jensen, Jennifer E. Kyle, Kristin E. Burnum-Johnson, Kelly G. Stratton, Natalie C. Lamar, Carrie D. Niccora, Karl K. Weitz, Richard D. Smith, Thomas O. Metz, Katrina M. Waters, Richard C. Boucher, Stephanie A. Montgomery, Ralph S. Baric, Timothy P. Sheahan

“…Understanding host responses to mild and life-threatening infections provides insight into virus-host networks within and across organ systems that contribute to disease outcomes. …”
Get full text

Grain-sized moxibustion activates dendritic cells to enhance the antitumor immunity of cancer vaccines by Weiming Shen, Dan Hu, Chenyuan Gong, Cheng Fang, Jiaojiao Luo, Lixin Wang, Chao Yao, Huangan Wu, Chen Zhao, Shiguo Zhu

“…Guided by the TCM principle of fu zheng qu xie (“fortify the host to dispel pathogens”), this study investigated whether gM augments cancer vaccine efficacy and validate the mechanistic basis of thermal acupoint stimulation in amplifying adaptive antitumor immunity. …”
Get full text

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV): Epidemiology, Genetic, Pathogenesis, and Future Challenges by Francesco Branda, Chiara Romano, Grazia Pavia, Viola Bilotta, Chiara Locci, Ilenia Azzena, Ilaria Deplano, Noemi Pascale, Maria Perra, Marta Giovanetti, Alessandra Ciccozzi, Andrea De Vito, Angela Quirino, Nadia Marascio, Giovanni Matera, Giordano Madeddu, Marco Casu, Daria Sanna, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Massimo Ciccozzi, Fabio Scarpa

“…Integration of proviral DNA into transcriptionally active regions of the host genome may contribute to oncogenesis and long-term viral latency. …”
Get full text

Microbiome-driven gene dysregulation in oesophageal cancer: a multi-omics analysis by Chaitali Nath

“…Future perspective: Advancements in microbial cfRNA profiling and hos–-microbe interaction modeling hold promise for non-invasive oesophageal cancer screening.7 The ability to detect microbiome-driven immune dysregulation and epithelial remodeling may refine risk prediction models, improving early intervention strategies.8 Targeted microbiome modulation, through probiotics, antibiotics or microbial-targeted therapeutics, represents a potential adjunct to existing treatment approaches.5 As microbiome research advances, integrating host–microbe interactions into precision oncology frameworks could redefine early detection, prognosis and personalised therapy for oesophageal cancer.2,4…”
Get full text

The diagnostic potential of extracellular vesicles in virus-related diseases by Qing Gao, Qing Gao, Yuqing Zhan, Yuqing Zhan, Jianhao Zhang, Jianhao Zhang, Dongyu Sun, Dongyu Sun, Huayuan Xiang, Huayuan Xiang, Chenxuan Bao, Chenxuan Bao, Qianqian Gao, Mengyu Zhang, Jianjun Wang, Lingxiang Mao, Lingxiang Mao

“…Recent advances reveal their dual functionality in viral pathogenesis: while facilitating viral dissemination through transport of pathogenic components, they simultaneously orchestrate host antiviral defense mechanisms. …”
Get full text

Mining metagenomes and metatranscriptomes unveils viruses associated with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients by Jana K. Dickter, Yuqi Zhao, Vishwas Parekh, Huiyan Ma, Badri G. Modi, Wai-Yee Li, Saro H. Armenian, Xiwei Wu, Farah R. Abdulla

“…The study provides insights into the viral landscape in post-HCT patients, emphasizing the need for comprehensive viral monitoring in this vulnerable population.IMPORTANCEThis study is important because it explores the potential role of viruses in the development of cSCC in individuals who have undergone allogeneic HCT. cSCC is common in this population, particularly in those with chronic graft-versus-host disease on long-term immunosuppression. By using advanced metagenomic and metatranscriptomic next-generation sequencing, we aimed to identify viral pathogens present in tumor and adjacent normal tissue. …”
Get full text

Molecular landscape of respiratory infection: A large-scale, multi-centre blood transcriptome dataset by Tracy Chew, Tiana M. Pelaia, Amy L. Phu, Sally Teoh, Ya Wang, Nandan Deshpande, Karan Kim, Velma Herwanto, Gunawan, Thomas Karvunidis, Yoann Zerbib, Kirsty R. Short, Stephen Macdonald, Irani Thevarajan, Darawan Rinchai, Win Sen Kuan, Ben Knippenberg, Jonathan Iredell, Philip N. Britton, Owen Hutchings, Warwick J. Britton, John-Sebastian Eden, Sam Orde, Benjamin Tang, Anthony McLean, Damien Chaussabel, Klaus Schughart, Maryam Shojaei

“…Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of these infections is crucial for developing effective interventions. …”
Get full text

Has-miR-30c-1-3p inhibits macrophage autophagy and promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival by targeting ATG4B and ATG9B by Xianglin Peng, Feifei Pu, Fangzheng Zhou, Xiyong Dai, Feng Xu, Junwen Wang, Jing Feng, Ping Xia

“…Abstract Autophagy is a widespread physiological process in the body, which also protects the host by degrading invading pathogens and harmful substances during pathological conditions. …”
Get full text

The infectious diseases clinical research program acute respiratory infection repository protocol: Opportunities to understand current and future epidemics. by Simon D Pollett, Rhonda E Colombo, Stephanie A Richard, Tahaniyat Lalani, Brianne Barton, Allison Malloy, Anthony Fries, Edward Parmelee, Scott Merritt, Mark Fritschlanski, Edward E Mitre, Eric D Laing, Kathleen Pratt, Eric C Garges, Katrin Mende, Mark Simons, Brian Agan, David Tribble, Robert O'Connell, Timothy H Burgess

“…This protocol will allow analyses on outcomes including: (i) short-term ARI outcomes such as hospitalization, work days lost, symptom severity and duration; (ii) post-acute ARI outcomes, including persistence of symptoms, return-to-health, post-ARI medical encounters; (iii) vaccine effectiveness for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), influenza, and adenovirus vaccines; (iv) ARI infection and vaccination elicited immune responses (humoral, T-cell, other); (v) therapeutic effectiveness of COVID-19 and influenza antivirals (acute symptoms, hospitalization, post-acute sequelae); (vi) effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g., masking) against infection; (vii) prognostic and mechanistic host viral biomarkers which correlate with the above outcomes; (viii) ARI diagnostic assay validity and performance. …”
Get full text

<i>Lactobacillus</i> Re-Engineers Gut Microbiota to Overcome <i>E. coli</i> Colonization Resistance in Mice by Jianlei Jia, Pengjia Bao, Qinran Yu, Ning Li, Hao Ren, Qian Chen, Ping Yan

“…This investigation advances our comprehension of microbiota–host crosstalk during enteropathogenic infections under probiotic intervention, offering valuable insights for developing novel nutritional strategies and microbial management protocols in animal husbandry.…”
Get full text

Impact of zinc-mediated nutritional immunity on uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) virulence gene expression in female recurrent UTI patients by Muthana Badeea Farhan, Areej Hamad Hassan, Hanan Hamed

“…By disrupting critical virulence mechanisms and reducing urinary cytokine levels, zinc supplementation may reduce the pathogenicity of UPEC and improve host outcomes. This study provides molecular and clinical insights that support dietary zinc modulation as a promising non-antibiotic strategy in managing recurrent UTIs.…”
Get full text

Identification of TMEM53 as a novel SADS-CoV restriction factor that targets viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by Yu-Lin Yao, Yun Luo, Qi Wang, Rong Geng, Ying Chen, Mei-Qin Liu, Bei Li, Jing Chen, Chun-Guang Wu, Jing-Kun Jia, Jing-Yi Luo, Yan-Tong He, Ting-Ting Jiang, Yan Zhu, Ben Hu, Peng Zhou, Zheng-Li Shi

Get full text

Multiomics comparative analysis of feces AMRGs of Duroc pigs and Tibetan and the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on AMRGs upon antibiotic exposure by Tao Wang, Yuheng Luo, Xiangfeng Kong, Ling Fang, Liping Zhu, Bing Yu, Ping Zheng, Zhiqing Huang, Xiangbing Mao, Yu Jie, Junqiu Luo, Hui Yan, Jun He

“…Given the escalating antimicrobial resistance crisis, novel therapeutic interventions are imperative to mitigate gut colonization by pathogens and AMRGs. …”
Get full text

Non-antibiotic therapies for multidrug-resistant gastrointestinal infections: an overview of the use of probiotics, natural compounds, and bacteriophages by Manuela Oliveira, Manuela Oliveira, Áurea Madureira-Carvalho, Áurea Madureira-Carvalho, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Diana Dias da Silva, Diana Dias da Silva, Diana Dias da Silva, Diana Dias da Silva

“…The worldwide increasing frequency and severity of multidrug-resistant gastrointestinal (MDR-GI) infections not only raises awareness of the debilities of conventional antibiotic treatments but also highlights the demand for alternative interventions. One of these alternatives is probiotics, harmless bacteria that compete with pathogenic species, which have been considered beneficial due to their therapeutic potential since they strengthen the mucosal barrier and modulate the host immune response. …”
Get full text

Hyodeoxycholic acid modulates gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism to enhance intestinal barrier function in piglets by Jie Chong, Jie Chong, Yongming Zhou, Zhi Li, Xiaokai Li, Jinwei Zhang, Jinwei Zhang, Haoran Cao, Jideng Ma, Liangpeng Ge, Liangpeng Ge, Hang Zhong, Hang Zhong, Jing Sun, Jing Sun

“…HDCA significantly altered gut microbiota composition in SPF piglets, markedly increasing the Lactobacillus abundance (37.97% vs. 5.28% in SPF-CON) while decreasing the proportion of Streptococcus (28.34% vs. 38.65%) and pathogenic family Erysipelotrichaceae (0.35% vs. 17.15%). …”
Get full text

Effect of mosquito saliva from distinct species on human dermal endothelial cell function in vitro and West Nile virus pathogenesis in vivo by Imke Visser, Vincent Vaes, Peter van Run, Eleanor M. Marshall, Lars Vermaat, Charlotte Linthout, Dick H.W. Dekkers, Jeroen A.A. Demmers, Marion P.G. Koopmans, Constantianus J.M. Koenraadt, Melanie Rissmann, Barry Rockx

“…Identification and characterization of novel salivary proteins from similar but genetically distinct mosquito species will advance the development of intervention methods to combat potential transmission risks and disease severity of emerging mosquito-borne pathogens.…”
Get full text

Intestinal phages interact with bacteria and are involved in human diseases by Han Shuwen, Ding Kefeng

Get full text

Epidemiological spectrum of infectious uveitis in the Asia-Pacific by Alexander Newman, Peter McCluskey

“…There has been increasing global and regional epidemiological surveillance of infection and seropositivity in both humans and reservoir hosts in the contemporary literature. However, interventional studies for the management of ophthalmic disease remain limited. …”
Get full text