A multilevel analysis of trends and predictors associated with teenage pregnancy in Tanzania (2004–2022): evidence from demographic and health surveys by Elihuruma Eliufoo Stephano, Tian Yusheng, Li Yamin, Mtoro J. Mtoro

“…This study assesses the trends of teenage pregnancy in Tanzania and identifies key individual and community factors influencing its occurrence. Methods This study used a pooled weighted sample of 10,404 teenagers (aged 15–19) from four waves of the Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys. …”
Get full text

Difficulties in Manipulating the Female Artificial Urinary Sphincter Pump: Prevalence and Management by Alexandre Dubois, Valentine Lethuillier, Claire Richard, Camille Haudebert, Juan Penafiel, Caroline Voiry, Magali Jezequel, Emmanuelle Samson, Louis-Paul Berthelot, Lucas Freton, Juliette Hascoet, Andrea Manunta, Benoit Peyronnet

“…Surgical reoperations to reposition the pump were necessary for 5 patients, representing 5.6% of the sample. The only variables significantly associated with temporary difficulties were longer operative time (183.4 minutes vs. 159.1 minutes, P=0.04) and the overall experience of the center (32 vs. 50, P=0.04). …”
Get full text

Distance Learning For Military Doctors in Crisis Situations: The DILEMMA Cross-Sectional Study Results by Nataliia Sydorova, Valerii Savytskyi, Taras Kuts

“…The goal of presented Survey on DIstance LEarning for students of the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy (DILEMMA) was to optimize the educational process for doctors studying at the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy (UMMA) based on the results of students’ survey dedicated to implemented forms of online teaching. Methods: The data presented reflect the results of 147 trainees’ survey dedicated to their satisfaction and ways to improve distance learning component of training/retraining at UMMA during such crisis situations as pandemics and hostilities. …”
Get full text

Nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward aging and ageism in Palestine by Bahaaeddin M. Hammad, Basma Salameh, Faeda A. Eqtait, Kassabry Maysa, Imad H. Fashafsheh, Ahmad J. Ayed, Mohamed E.H. Elzeky, Rasmieh Anabtawi, Mohammed F. Hayek

“…Recognizing this critical responsibility, this study aimed to assess nursing students’ attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge regarding aging and ageism. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample from 334 nursing students during Spring 2024. …”
Get full text

Menopausal symptom burden as a predictor of mid- to late-life cognitive function and mild behavioral impairment symptoms: A CAN-PROTECT study. by Jasper F E Crockford, Dylan X Guan, Gillian Einstein, Clive Ballard, Byron Creese, Anne Corbett, Ellie Pickering, Adam Bloomfield, Pamela Roach, Eric E Smith, Zahinoor Ismail

“…<h4>Participants</h4>896 postmenopausal female participants.<h4>Methods</h4>Menopausal symptom burden was operationalized by summing the total number of recalled perimenopausal symptoms experienced. …”
Get full text

Accreditation of new technologies for predicting intramuscular fat percentage: Combining Bayesian models and industry rules for transparent decisions. by Graham E Gardner, Clair L Alston-Knox

“…The experiment evaluated a method for statistically assessing the accuracy of technologies that measure intramuscular fat percentage (IMF%), enabling referencing against accreditation accuracy thresholds. …”
Get full text

Performance Prediction of the Gearbox Elastic Support Structure Based on Multi-Task Learning by Chengshun Zhu, Zhizhou Lu, Jie Qi, Meng Xiang, Shilong Yuan, Hui Zhang

“…To address the high cost and limited scalability of traditional physical testing for gearbox rubber damping structures, in this study, we propose a low-cost performance prediction method that replaces expensive experiments with simulation-driven dataset generation. …”
Get full text

Content shared on social media for national cancer survivors day 2018. by Roy Cherian, Gem Le, James Whall, Scarlett Gomez, Urmimala Sarkar

“…While research has explored this transition from more organized venues, such as support groups for cancer survivors, this paper explores the discourses surrounding cancer survivorship on social media, paying particular attention to how individuals who identify as cancer survivors represent their experience.<h4>Methods</h4>We identified social media posts relating to cancer survivorship on Twitter and Instagram in early June 2018, in order to coincide with National Cancer Survivorship Day on June 3, 2018. …”
Get full text

Adversarial example defense algorithm for MNIST based on image reconstruction by Zhongyuan QIN, Zhaoxiang HE, Tao LI, Liquan CHEN

“…With the popularization of deep learning, more and more attention has been paid to its security issues.The adversarial sample is to add a small disturbance to the original image, which can cause the deep learning model to misclassify the image, which seriously affects the performance of deep learning technology.To address this challenge, the attack form and harm of the existing adversarial samples were analyzed.An adversarial examples defense method based on image reconstruction was proposed to effectively detect adversarial examples.The defense method used MNIST as the test data set.The core idea was image reconstruction, including central variance minimization and image quilting optimization.The central variance minimization was only processed for the central area of the image.The image quilting optimization incorporated the overlapping area into the patch block selection.Considered and took half the size of the patch as the overlap area.Using FGSM, BIM, DeepFool and C＆amp;W attack methods to generate adversarial samples to test the defense performance of the two methods, and compare with the existing three image reconstruction defense methods (cropping and scaling, bit depth compression and JPEG compression).The experimental results show that the central variance minimization and image quilting optimization algorithms proposed have a satisfied defense effect against the attacks of existing common adversarial samples.Image quilting optimization achieves over 75% classification accuracy for samples generated by the four attack algorithms, and the defense effect of minimizing central variance is around 70%.The three image reconstruction algorithms used for comparison have unstable defense effects on different attack algorithms, and the overall classification accuracy rate is less than 60%.The central variance minimization and image quilting optimization proposed achieve the purpose of effectively defending against adversarial samples.The experiments illustrate the defense effect of the proposed defense algorithm in different adversarial sample attack algorithms.The comparison between the reconstruction algorithm and the algorithm shows that the proposed scheme has good defense performance.…”
Get full text

Modeling of wave-induced drift based on stepwise parameter calibration by Kui Zhu, Xueyao Chen, Lin Mu, Lin Mu, Lin Mu, Dingfeng Yu, Dingfeng Yu, Runze Yu, Zhaolong Sun, Tong Zhou, Tong Zhou

“…The sample of wave-induced drift velocity was obtained by gradually separating current-induced (CI) drift’s and wind-induced (WI) drift’s influence from the target-drift velocity using the least-square method and AP98 model. …”
Get full text

MOIRA-UNIMORE Bearing Data Set for Independent Cart Systems by Abdul Jabbar, Marco Cocconcelli, Gianluca D’Elia, Davide Borghi, Luca Capelli, Jacopo Cavalaglio Camargo Molano, Matteo Strozzi, Riccardo Rubini

Get full text

Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of phantom pain: a successful case study by D.V. Dmytriiev, P.A. Borozenets, Yu.V. Oleshko, V.V. Sirosh

“…In case of limb amputation, 50 % of patients experience phantom pain, and about 70 % report phantom sensations. …”
Get full text

About the choice of Tungsten carbide indenter to determine mechanical properties of superalloys by using high-temperature microhardness tester by Bruno Passilly, Amélie Kardache

“…This simple method appears to be faster than other methods using classical hot tensile or bending tests. …”
Get full text

Unlocking the black box beyond Bayesian global optimization for materials design using reinforcement learning by Yuehui Xian, Xiangdong Ding, Xue Jiang, Yumei Zhou, Jun Sun, Dezhen Xue, Turab Lookman

“…This work addresses limitations of existing methods while providing practical tools for guiding experiments.…”
Get full text

Enhanced P-wave velocity imaging by marine airgun-source seismic surveys with distributed acoustic sensing by Shun Fukushima, Masanao Shinohara, Tomoaki Yamada, Ryota Hino, Ryosuke Azuma, Yoshihiro Ito, Yusuke Yamashita, Hiroki Takano

“…Abstract P-wave velocity (Vp) structures in marine areas have been estimated using marine airgun-source seismic surveys and refraction methods. The lateral resolution of Vp structures depends on the number of receivers and shots. …”
Get full text

Genetic programming support vector machine model for a wireless intrusion detection system by A. Dhoot, A. N. Nazarov, I. M. Voronkov

“…Numerical analysis based on the results of model experiments on selected quality indicators showed an increase in the accuracy of the results as compared to the known SVM method.Conclusions. …”
Get full text

Tendencies and Prospects for the Development of Domestic Machinery for Sowing Grain Crops by A. Yu. Nesmiyan, Yu. S. Tsench

“…Among the most obvious trends we can single out the following ones: the use of the best foreign samples as prototypes; a tendency to increase the area of plant nutrition; the use of operational experience and comparative test results; optimization of design and technological parameters of drills based on the results of targeted scientific research; the development of machines that ensure the rational utilization of the energy resources used; extending the functionality of sowing machines as a result of combining operations and carrying out sowing on stubble backgrounds.…”
Get full text

The quality of registration of clinical trials: still a problem. by Roderik F Viergever, Ghassan Karam, Andreas Reis, Davina Ghersi

“…This study was conducted to investigate whether the quality of registration has improved.<h4>Methods</h4>We repeated a study from 2009, using the same methods and the same research team. …”
Get full text

The Relevance of Computer Science and Arabic Language Learning Technology in Supporting Arabic Language Learning from The Perspective of Israel Scheffler by Muhammad Fadli Ramadhan, Suhayib Suhayib, Ichwanul Muttaqin, Mawadda Warahmah

“…Digital technologies, such as AI and interactive applications, have revolutionized learning methods, enabling more responsive and effective curricula and teaching methods. …”
Get full text

Evaluating visitor perception and spatial preferences of various museums based on machine learning from 2016 to 2024. by Yuandi Jiang, Kalyna Pashkevych, Shibo Bi

“…However, traditional methods such as questionnaires and interviews face challenges in elucidating how exhibition layouts, environmental facilities, and service quality affect visitor experience and satisfaction. …”
Get full text