The Effect of Task Cognitive Difficulty on Perceptual-Cognitive Indicators: Evidence on the Relationship Between Challenge Point Framework (CPF) and Cognitive Development in Table... by Taghi MM, Aghdaei M, Farsi A, Badicu G, de Sousa Fernandes MS, Yagin FH, Ardigò LP

“…But there was no significant difference between the groups.Discussion: These findings suggest that cognitive task difficulty, much like functional difficulty, aligns with predictions from the CPF, enhancing executive control and cognitive effort, and thereby supporting motor learning.Conclusion: Cognitive difficulty, like functional difficulty, takes advantage of the challenge point framework and improves cognitive–cognitive indicators.Keywords: task difficulty, attention networks, cognitive effort, challenge point, table tennis…”
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Metabolite alterations in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and its association with cognitive assessments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A longitudinal magnetic resonance... by Sadegh Ghaderi, Farzad Fatehi, Sanjay Kalra, Ali Asghar Okhovat, Shahriar Nafissi, Sana Mohammadi, Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli

“…At follow-up, positive correlations emerged between tNAA/tCr and the total language and executive function scores. Conclusions: Metabolite alterations and correlations with cognition were observed in the left DLPFC of ALS patients, supporting extra-motor involvement and its association with cognitive decline.…”
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Peak alpha frequency and alpha power spectral density as vulnerability markers of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory EEG study by Yuqing Zhao, Yuqing Zhao, Jiayu Cai, Jian Song, Jian Song, Haoran Shi, Weicheng Kong, Xinlei Li, Wei Wei, Xiehua Xue, Xiehua Xue

“…ROC analysis identified P3, PZ, and T6 alpha PSD as optimal discriminators (AUC: 0.77–0.758). Executive function inversely correlated with alpha PSD in right posterior temporal/left occipital regions.ConclusionPAF differentiates PD from controls and links to global cognition, while regional alpha PSD (notably P3, PZ, T6) effectively distinguishes PDCOG from PDNC. …”
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Which outcomes are key to the pre-intervention assessment profile of a child with developmental coordination disorder? A systematic review and meta-analysis by Bouwien Smits-Engelsman, Marisja Denysschen, Jessica Lust, Dané Coetzee, Ludvík Valtr, Marina Schoemaker, Evi Verbecque

“…Moderate evidence was found for motor performance, executive functions, sensory processing and perceptions, cognitive functions and sports and leisure activities to be affected in children with DCD. …”
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A novel multi-agent dynamic portfolio optimization learning system based on hierarchical deep reinforcement learning by Ruoyu Sun, Yue Xi, Angelos Stefanidis, Zhengyong Jiang, Jionglong Su

“…Among these DRL algorithms, the combination of actor-critic algorithms and deep function approximators is the most widely used DRL algorithm. …”
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Sleep Disorders in Pediatric Patients Affected by Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Reports of a Questionnaire and an Apple Watch Sleep Assessment by Alessia Migliore, Manuela Lo Bianco, Roberta Leonardi, Stefania Salafia, Claudia Di Napoli, Martino Ruggieri, Agata Polizzi, Andrea D. Praticò

“…<b>Introduction:</b> Sleep is a fundamental biological function critical for physical and mental health. Chronic sleep disturbances can significantly impair cognitive, emotional, and social functioning, leading to deficits in attention, alertness, and executive function, alongside increased irritability, anxiety, and depression. …”
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SIMULATION OF ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE CONTEXT OF SOLVING AN AUTONOMOUS ROBOTIC VEHICLE MOTION TASK ON TWO-DIMENSIONAL PLANE WITH OBSTACLES by R. A. Prakapovich

“…An adaptive neurocontroller for autonomous robotic vehicle control, which is designed to generate control signals (according to preprogrammed motion algorithm) and to develop individual reactions to some external impacts during functioning process, that allows the robot to adapt to external environment changes, is suggested. …”
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Human-geographical concept of the regional geodemographic system by Kateryna Sehida

“…The offered concept of geodemographic system of the region on the basis of dissipative structures which treats people, groups of people, society is aimed at the development and functioning of the studied system where the special role belongs to implementation of administrative decisions. …”
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Models, systems, networks in economics, engineering, nature and society by G.V. Surovitskaya, L.A. Gamidullaeva

“…The key problems of functioning of world-class scientific and educational centers that received state support in 2019 and 2020 are related to insufficient efficiency of interaction between their participants. …”

Transcranial low-level laser stimulation in the near-infrared-II region (1064 nm) for brain safety in healthy humans by Zhilin Li, Yongheng Zhao, Yiqing Hu, Yang Li, Keyao Zhang, Zhibing Gao, Lirou Tan, Hai Jia, Jing Cong, Hanli Liu, Xiaoli Li, Aihua Cao, Zaixu Cui, Chenguang Zhao

“…Methods: We employed a multimodal approach, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalogram (EEG), biochemical analyses, and cognitive testing to quantitatively assess the potential adverse effects of tPBM on brain structure or function, neurons, glial cells, and executive function (EF). …”
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AI analysis reveals top predictors of first grade success: Insights from multifactorial screening students’ early days of school by Pedro Bem-Haja, Paulo Nossa, Andreia J. Ferreira, Diogo S. Pereira, Carlos F. Silva

“…Findings also suggest that comprehensive training in executive functions and early literacy and numeracy skills in preschool and early primary education might enhance academic outcomes, even for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. …”
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Changes in EEG Microstate Dynamics and Cognition Post‐Chemotherapy in People With Breast Cancer by S. Damji, S. Sattari, K. Zadravec, K. L. Campbell, J. Brunet, N. Virji‐Babul

“…The mean duration of microstate D (involved in attention/executive functions) significantly increased following chemotherapy (p = 0.007, d = 1.339). …”
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Association of a Brief Computerized Cognitive Assessment With Cholinergic Neurotransmission: Assessment Validation Study by Mouna Attarha, Ana De Figueiredo Pelegrino, Lydia Ouellet, Paule-Joanne Toussaint, Sarah-Jane Grant, Thomas Van Vleet, Etienne de Villers-Sidani

“…We also assess concurrent validity with neuropsychological performance using standardized measures of executive function and global cognition. …”
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Parent–Child Adaptive Responses for Digital Resilience by John P. Ziker, Jerry Alan Fails, Kendall House, Jessi Boyer, Michael Wendell, Hollie Abele, Letizia Maukar, Kayla Ramirez

“…Life history theory informs our approach to the development of parental control software that favors skill building and encourages parent–child discussions supporting child executive function and resilience to risks.…”
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Lifespan music training experience changes duration and transition rates of EEG microstates related to working memory by Yan Li, Sijia Guo, Jiaxian Chen, Liangfeng Feng, Haoyu Bian, Yuxin Chen, Hua Yang, Jing Lu

“…Although the potential mechanism of music intervention in cognitive aging is unclear, its effectiveness in interfering with executive function has been widely proven. A reasonable hypothesis is that music intervention alleviates cognitive aging by affecting compensatory scaffolding related to the prefrontal regions.Methods We recruited three groups of participants: young control, old control, and old musicians, and calculated EEG microstate parameters. …”
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A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students by Kaileigh A. Byrne, June J. Pilcher, Yizhou Liu, Michael R. Spinelli, Margaret L. Rosinski, Madelyn G. Brancato, Delaini Daughenbaugh, Anthony Alvarado Batres

“…While interventions such as slow-paced breathing (SPB) have been shown to reduce stress and enhance executive functioning, their effects on decision-making under uncertainty remain poorly understood. …”
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Current virtual reality-based rehabilitation interventions in neuro-developmental disorders at developmental ages by Micaela Capobianco, Concetto Puzzo, Concetto Puzzo, Concetto Puzzo, Chiara Di Matteo, Alberto Costa, Alberto Costa, Walter Adriani, Walter Adriani, Walter Adriani

“…Specifically, in individuals with ADHD, VR showed benefits in attention and executive function, with optimal results when combined with pharmacological treatments. …”
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Cognitive mechanisms of mindfulness-based pain management in chronic pain by Emily Mohr, Sophie Matthew, Lipika Narisetti, Colin Duff, Poppy Schoenberg

“…Since aberrations in cognitive executive functioning are apparent in chronic pain and corroborate with higher pain severity and poorer clinical outcomes, we conducted a two-part mechanistic clinical study that aimed to examine; (1) cognitive performance deficits measured during neurophysiology tasks, in chronic pain patients versus healthy controls; and (2) a mechanistic trial into whether Mindfulness-Based Pain Management/MBPM modulates cognitive functioning, and its interplay with clinical symptoms, in chronic pain patients versus a treatment-as-usual/TAU matched patient control. …”
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Enhanced prefrontal nicotinic signaling as evidence of active compensation in Alzheimer’s disease models by Saige K. Power, Sridevi Venkatesan, Sarah Qu, JoAnne McLaurin, Evelyn K. Lambe

“…Cholinergic pathways are vulnerable to neuropathology in AD and its preclinical models, and their modulation of deep layer prefrontal cortex is essential for attention and executive function. Methods We functionally interrogated cholinergic modulation of prefrontal layer 6 pyramidal neurons in two preclinical models: a compound transgenic AD mouse model that permits optogenetically-triggered release of endogenous acetylcholine and a transgenic AD rat model that closely recapitulates the human trajectory of AD. …”
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Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism among mild long COVID patients: an [18F]FDG PET/CT study by J.S. Sakamoto, L.E. Lopes-Santos, K.J.C.C. de Lacerda, A.C. Trevisan, L. Alexandre-Santos, O.Y. Fukumori, F. Bellissimo-Rodrigues, L. Wichert-Ana

“…These changes, especially in areas linked to executive functions, sensory perception, and emotional regulation, suggest nuanced alterations in brain function. …”
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