Broadening horizons: 25 years of advancing cognitive development research through linguistic and cultural diversity by Sirada Rochanavibhata, Natsuki Atagi

“…This mini review will summarize recent research findings in sub-disciplines of cognitive development, including attention, perception, executive function, and language, that were made possible by including linguistically and culturally diverse populations. …”
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Human immunodeficiency virus accelerates brain aging and disrupts the trajectory of glymphatic clearance in aging brain by Benedictor Alexander Nguchu, Benedictor Alexander Nguchu, Jing Zhao, Yu Lu, Yifei Han, Han Jin, Xiaoxiao Wang, Hongjun Li, Peter Shaw

“…Our data also show that increased brain-PAD in brain regions was associated with lower performance in motor and executive functions. DiscussionThese findings suggest that HIV infection accelerates brain aging and disrupts the trajectory of glymphatic clearance in aging brain, which may explain the complex mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in motor and executive domains often seen in HIV patients. …”
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Translation and validation of the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Exam for older adults in Thailand: The SLUMS-Thai by Komwat Rungruang, Pornpun Manasatchakun, Sarinya Polsingchan

“…It was developed to overcome limitations in existing cognitive assessments by evaluating a broad range of domains, including language comprehension, executive function, memory, and attention. While effective in English-speaking populations, its use in non-English-speaking settings is limited by language and cultural differences. …”
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Acute HCV/HIV coinfection is associated with cognitive dysfunction and cerebral metabolite disturbance, but not increased microglial cell activation. by Lucy J Garvey, Nicola Pavese, Anil Ramlackhansingh, Emma Thomson, Joanna M Allsop, Marios Politis, Ranjababu Kulasegaram, Janice Main, David J Brooks, Simon D Taylor-Robinson, Alan Winston

“…Subjects with aHCV demonstrated on NCT, significantly poorer executive function (mean (SD) error rate 26.50(17.87) versus 19.09(8.12), p = 0.001) and on (1)H-MRS increased myo-inositol/creatine ratios (mI/Cr, a marker of cerebral inflammation) in the basal ganglia (ratio of 0.71(0.22) versus 0.55(0.23), p = 0.03), compared to subjects with HIVmono. …”
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Does an increase in physiological indexes predict better cognitive performance: the PhyCog randomised cross-over protocol in type 2 diabetes by Frederic Dutheil, Guillaume T Vallet, Igor Tauveron, Julien S Baker, Valentin Magnon, Jordan Mille, Valentin Brusseau, Laetitia Silvert, Marie Izaute

“…The main variables of interest will be executive function, memory and attention. Physiological testing will involve allostatic load such as heart rate variability, microcirculation, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels. …”
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An Integrated Cognitive Remediation and Recovery-Oriented Program for Individuals with Bipolar Disorder Using a Virtual Reality-Based Intervention: 6- and 12-Month Cognitive Outcom... by Alessandra Perra, Mauro Giovanni Carta, Diego Primavera, Giulia Cossu, Aurora Locci, Rosanna Zaccheddu, Federica Piludu, Alessia Galetti, Antonio Preti, Valerio De Lorenzo, Lorenzo Di Natale, Sergio Machado, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Federica Sancassiani

“…Secondary cognitive outcomes were assessed, including visuospatial abilities, memory, attention, verbal fluency, and executive function, using validated assessment tools. …”
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Olympic combat sports and mental health in children and adolescents with disability: a systematic review of controlled trials by Youngjun Lee, Flavia Guidotti, Flavia Guidotti, Laura Capranica, Caterina Pesce, Valentin Benzing, Janet Hauck, Simone Ciaccioni, Simone Ciaccioni

“…There were significant improvements (p < 0.05) in stereotypy, communication, social–emotional functioning, and executive function, with occasional improvements in self-esteem and stress management. …”
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Study of correlation between calcification regulatory factors and cognitive impairment in maintenance hemodialysis patients by Luo Jie-yu, Ding Zi-jun, Zhang Chun-jiang, Jin Xin, Hao Wen-juan, Zhao Dan

“…The general and laboratory data of the patients were collected. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale （C-MoCA）. …”
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor but not beta-secretase 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin-1β correlate with cognitive impairme... by Kamini Bhavsar, Manjari Tripathi, Jyotirmoy Banerjee, Arpna Srivastava, Nidhi, Shivam Pandey, Divya Vohora

“…Noteworthy alterations were detected across various MoCA subscales, encompassing visuospatial and executive functions, attention, language, abstraction, and delayed recall, with statistical significance established (p < 0.05). …”
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Mapping the lung-brain axis: Causal relationships between brain network connectivity and respiratory disorders by Hua Guo, Xiaohan Zhao, Ke Han, Yanqing Wang

“…In reverse analysis, twelve brain functional networks demonstrated genetic associations with eight respiratory conditions (COPD, asthma, IPF, SAS, LUSC, SCLC, hospitalized COVID-19, and very severe COVID-19), predominantly involving attention, salience, default mode, visual, and central executive networks. …”
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Rotational dynamics between bureaucracy and electocracy by I. A. Lavrov

“…Bureaucrats holding positions in the executive branch are politically equal to electocrats in the legislative branch. …”
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Contribution to the evaluation of language disturbances in subcortical lesions: a piloty study by Márcia Radanovic, Letícia Lessa Mansur, Mariana Jardim Azambuja, Cláudia Sellitto Porto, Milberto Scaff

“…Results show that these patients present impairment in several cognitive domains, especially attention and executive functions. These alterations affect language abilities, and this fact must be considered in the rehabilitation efforts.…”
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Neuropsychological performance in patients with subcortical stroke Perfil neuropsicológico em pacientes com lesões vasculares subcorticais by Silviane Pinheiro Campos de Andrade, Sônia Maria Dozzi Brucki, Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno, José Ibiapina Siqueira Neto

“…Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is characterized by cognitive compromise predominantly of executive dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: To assess cognitive functions in VCI, focusing on executive functions, to observe functional losses in relation to activities of daily living (ADLs) and to detect early symptoms prior to the onset of dementia. …”
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Altered microstate C and D dynamics in high social anxiety: a resting-state EEG study by Huoyin Zhang, Huoyin Zhang, Binyu Peng, Yutong Liu, Yu Xi, Yi Lei, Yi Lei

“…In the low social anxiety group, B ↔ C transition probability showed significant negative correlations with LSAS total and avoidance subscale scores.DiscussionThese findings reveal distinct neural dynamics in social anxiety, characterized by heightened self-referential processing (microstate C) and impaired executive functioning (microstate D). The altered transition patterns suggest a predisposition for excessive self-focus and reduced coordination with executive control networks in high social anxiety individuals. …”
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From behavioral synchrony to language and beyond by Katherine Eulau, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek

“…In this paper, we review that research and suggest that these early neural couplings between adults and children lay the foundation for a broader cognitive system that includes attention, problem solving, and executive function skills. This review describes the role of behavioral synchrony in language development, asks what the relationship is between neural synchrony and language growth, and how neural synchrony may play a role in the development of a broader cognitive system founded in a socially-gated brain. …”
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Relationships Between First-Year Student Resilience and Academic Stress by David W. Nordstokke, Yvonne Hindes

“…Interventions such as cognitive training and mindfulness-based programs may strengthen students’ executive function difficulties, thereby improving their ability to cope with academic stress and foster resilience.…”
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Aerobic exercise, an effective intervention for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke by Mingjin Zhu, Wenjun Chen, Jie Zhang

“…Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate that aerobic exercise modalities such as gait training, cycling, and aquatic therapy enhance cognitive domains including memory, executive function, and attention, with optimal benefits observed at moderate-to-high intensity and a frequency of ≥3 sessions per week. …”
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About Strategy of Development of a Sanatorium Complex of the Russian Federation (Analysis of the Tasks and Their Solutions) by D. Yu. Desyatnichenko, O. Yu. Desyatnichenko, A. D. Shmatko

“…The authors have made a number of practical proposals aimed at adjusting and complementing the objectives of the strategy, justifying them by means of comparative analysis using the relevant data from tourism statistics in Russia and abroad; Development of mechanisms for effective coordination of the activities of the executive authorities at all levels in the implementation of activities for the conservation of resorts, therapeutic and recreational areas and natural health resources, their integrated territorial Development also points to the need to adjust and develop new financial mechanisms and economic incentives in relations between citizens, health care institutions, insurance Companies and facilities at Spa and spa services, which should, in the new interest of citizens in the maintenance and repair of lost health, increase in the medium and long term the demand for the services of the domestic In domestic and global markets.The authors conclude that the implementation of the strategy will restore the therapeutic and curative function of Russian resorts, which has been lost during the years of market transformation, would have a positive impact on the logistics base of the SPA The set will increase the final demand and investment in a range of related sectors and sectors of the economy.…”
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Subregion-specific associations of the basal forebrain with sleep and cognition in Parkinson’s disease by Jung Hyun Lee, Han-Kyeol Kim, Sung Jun Ahn, Mina Park, Han Soo Yoo, Chul Hyoung Lyoo

“…The posterior part of the nucleus basalis Meynert (Ch4p) volume was positively associated with visuospatial, memory, and executive functions. The PSQI global score correlated positively with functional connectivity from the Ch4al to the posterior cingulate, inferior parietal, anterior temporal, and medial prefrontal cortices, which correspond to the default mode network. …”
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Neurocognitive Complications after Ventricular Neuroendoscopy: A Systematic Review by Jehuda Soleman, Raphael Guzman

“…Most complications described are memory impairment, followed by psychiatric symptoms (psychosyndrome), cognitive impairment not further specified, declined executive function, and confusion. However, only in 20% of the series describing neurocognitive complications or outcome (n=40) was neurocognition assessed by a trained neuropsychologist in a systematic manner. …”
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