Preclinical Cognitive Markers of Alzheimer Disease and Early Diagnosis Using Virtual Reality and Artificial Intelligence: Literature Review by María de la Paz Scribano Parada, Fátima González Palau, Sonia Valladares Rodríguez, Mariano Rincon, Maria José Rico Barroeta, Marta García Rodriguez, Yolanda Bueno Aguado, Ana Herrero Blanco, Estela Díaz-López, Margarita Bachiller Mayoral, Raquel Losada Durán

“…ResultsFollowing an analysis of 38 selected articles, we highlight verbal episodic memory as a sensitive preclinical AD marker, with supporting evidence from neuroimaging and genetic profiling. Executive functions precede memory decline, while processing speed is a significant correlate. …”
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sulforaphane induces S-phase arrest and apoptosis via p53-dependent manner in gastric cancer cells by Yuan Wang, Huazhang Wu, Nannan Dong, Xu Su, Mingxiu Duan, Yaqin Wei, Jun Wei, Gaofeng Liu, Qingjie Peng, Yunli Zhao

“…The Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 genes involved in apoptosis executive functions were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells. …”
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Are There Race‐Based Differences in Neuropsychological Test Performance and Psychological Symptom Endorsement Among Adults Diagnosed With ADHD? by Matthew S. Phillips, Mira I. Leese, Steven A. Abalos, Greg Shapiro, Kailyn Bare, Nevin A. Orleans, Nicole M. Durkin, Jason R. Soble

“…., learning and memory, attention/working memory, processing speed, and executive functions), as well as on measures of mood and ADHD‐related symptomatology. …”
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Early Life Cognitive Abilities and Body Weight: Cross-Sectional Study of the Association of Inhibitory Control, Cognitive Flexibility, and Sustained Attention with BMI Percentiles... by Tamara Wirt, Anja Schreiber, Dorothea Kesztyüs, Jürgen M. Steinacker

“…The findings suggest that especially cognitive abilities known as executive functions (inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility) are associated with children’s body weight. …”
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A domain-based framework for cognitive profile identification in Parkinson’s disease across diverse samples by Elvira Andújar-Castillo, Carla Carrillo-Molina, Fernando Alonso, Fernando Alonso, Clara Villanueva-Iza, Clara Villanueva-Iza, Gustavo Fernández-Pajarín, Gustavo Fernández-Pajarín, Angel Sesar, Angel Sesar, Isabel Jiménez-Martín, Isabel Jiménez-Martín, Juan Francisco Martín-Rodriguez, Juan Francisco Martín-Rodriguez, Juan Francisco Martín-Rodriguez, Maria Jesús Lama, Pablo Mir, Pablo Mir, Pablo Mir, Elena Perez-Hernandez, Cristina Nombela Otero

“…Five cognitive domains were constructed, addressing attention/working memory, executive functions, memory, visuospatial abilities, and language, using composite z-scores derived from standardized neuropsychological tests.ResultsLatent Cluster Analysis identified three distinct cognitive profiles: (1) a fronto-striatal profile characterized by mild deficits in executive and attention functions and intact visuospatial abilities, (2) a posterior cortical profile marked by severe memory and visuospatial impairments but strong language performance, and (3) a preserved profile displaying mild deficits across multiple domains. …”
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The relationship between sports practice and cognitive aspects in young schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study by Mateus Freitas de Medeiros, Paulo Francisco Almeida-Neto, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco Cabral

“…Thus, the practice of sport has been a strategy to reverse the situation and form a healthy citizen in its entirety, as it has shown benefits in physical, social and executive functions. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare cognitive performance between individuals who practiced sports and those who didn't in order to verify possible differences. …”
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Dynamic switching between brain networks predicts creative ability by Qunlin Chen, Yoed N. Kenett, Zaixu Cui, Hikaru Takeuchi, Andreas Fink, Mathias Benedek, Daniel C. Zeitlen, Kaixiang Zhuang, James Lloyd-Cox, Ryuta Kawashima, Jiang Qiu, Roger E. Beaty

“…Abstract Creativity is hypothesized to arise from a mental state which balances spontaneous thought and cognitive control, corresponding to functional connectivity between the brain’s Default Mode (DMN) and Executive Control (ECN) Networks. …”
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Marital dissolution and cognition: The mediating effect of Aβ neuropathology by Avinash Chandra, Rifah Anjum, Sheena Waters, Petroula Proitsi, Laura J. Smith, Charles R. Marshall, for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

“…METHODS We examined whether Aβ quantified by tracer uptake on positron emission tomography mediates associations between marital dissolution and executive functioning and episodic memory performance using data from 543 cognitively normal (CN) participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. …”
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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Integrated Educational Protocol Including Self-Compassion, Parenting, and Cognitive Promoting (PSCP) on Reading Component in Children with Dys... by Zoleykha Abedini, Rahim Badri Gargari, Eskandar Fathi Azar, Shahrooz Nemati, Shahram Vahedi

“…The results can be attributed to the neuroplasticity of the human brain hypothesis, Vygotsky’s and Piaget's theory, Barclay's model of executive functions, and the self-compassion approach.…”
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Restoring Connectedness in and to Nature: Three Nordic Examples of Recontextualizing Family Therapy to the Outdoors by Markus Mattsson, Carina Ribe Fernee, Carina Ribe Fernee, Kanerva Lehmuslaakso, Kanerva Lehmuslaakso, Pekka Lyytinen

“…The concreteness of adventure experiences is particularly beneficial for families that have difficulties in verbal communication and/or utilizing executive functions, perhaps due to neuropsychiatric traits, intellectual disabilities, or learning difficulties. …”
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The impact of early life experiences on inhibitory control and working memory by Eva Dydenkova, Francis McGlone, Larisa Mayorova, Larisa Mayorova, Elena Nikolaeva

“…Dramatic environmental events during this period, such as history of institutionalisation, can disrupt optimal developmental pathways, leaving biological scars for life.MethodsThe focus of this study was to investigate the impact of institutionalisation on the development of inhibitory control and working memory in three groups of children matched for age (n = 130; 7.1 ± 2.0 years): (1) early institutionalised (n = 35; age of placement: 6.9 ± 10.6 months; duration of placement: 14.6 ± 10.4 months); (2) late institutionalised (n = 29; age of placement: 49.3 ± 30.6 months; the duration of placement: 16.0 ± 19.4 months); (3) never institutionalised (n = 66).ResultsResults showed that the early institutionalised group had the lowest scores on tests of inhibitory control (p = 0.03), working memory (p = 0.03) and retrieval-based learning (p = 0.04), while the results of the group of late institutionalised children do not differ significantly from never institutionalised.DiscussionThe existence of a sensitive period during the first 18 months of a child’s life is discussed, which determines the formation of the retrieval-based learning mechanism and of inhibiting ineffective experience, for which executive functions are responsible.…”
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Web-Based Stress Management for Working Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Single-Arm, Open Pilot Trial by Martin Oscarsson, Sandra Hammarbäck, Karolina Blom Wiberg, Alexander Rozental, Ylva Ginsberg, Per Carlbring, Gerhard Andersson, Fredrik Jönsson

“…The intervention consisted of 12 modules based on CBT principles, focusing on executive functioning, stress management, and emotion regulation, with clinician support on demand. …”
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Application of legal enforcement measures for violation of financial legislation: problems of theory and practice by E. L. Vasyanina

“…The subject of the study is the legal norms that fix the procedure for applying coercive measures for violation of financial legislation, as well as doctrinal approaches and concepts on the chosen subject.The purpose of the article is: firstly, to rethink the leading role of the sectoral approach to the analysis and legal regulation of enforcement measures for violations of financial legislation, the development of which has led to the formation of alternative legal structures for regulating financial relations and parallel legal institutions of legal liability; secondly, in determining effective legal instruments aimed at streamlining the system of measures of state coercion applied to subjects of financial legal relations.The article examines: alternative, bypassing the current legislation, legal regulation of relations in the field of application of coercive measures; parallel legal institutions of legal responsibility for violation of financial legislation, as well as issues of streamlining the system of property sanctions for financial offenses.The use of general logical research methods, including analysis and synthesis, the formal legal and comparative legal methods, allowed the author to come to the following conclusions: (1) the emergence of alternative legal structures for regulating coercive measures for violation of financial legislation is caused by a mixture of state functions between federal executive authorities, the reason for which is a deviation from the concept of a three-tier system of public administration; (2) based on an industry approach, the well-established opinion of the legislator to determine the types of legal liability leads to the absence of conjugation of legislative acts in this area and, as a result, to the unreasonable application of legal liability measures, to double liability, as well as to problems in the field of determining the evidence base in cases of financial offenses; (3) as a basis for streamlining the system of coercive measures for violation of financial legislation, it is advisable to take an approach aimed at overcoming the gap between branches of law, the development of which is manifested in the expansion of the reception of universal legal structures in financial legislation and the application of the obligatory method of imposing property liability, which allows creating a different mechanism for imposing economic sanctions, corresponding to the riskbased approach to the implementation of control and supervisory activities. …”
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Demystifying the New Dilemma of Brain Rot in the Digital Era: A Review by Ahmed Mohamed Fahmy Yousef, Alsaeed Alshamy, Ahmed Tlili, Ahmed Hosny Saleh Metwally

“…These factors impair executive functioning skills, including memory, planning, and decision-making. …”
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Experimental Study on the Effects of Cockpit Noise on Physiological Indicators of Pilots by Haiming Shen, Meiqing Hao, Jiawei Ren, Kun Chen, Yang Gao

“…Cockpit noise, as a critical environmental factor affecting flight safety, may impair pilots’ cognitive functions, leading to a decreased operational performance and decision-making errors, thereby posing potential threats to aviation safety. …”
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On the conundrum of cognitive impairment due to depressive disorder in older patients. by Claudia E Lanza, Karolina Sejunaite, Charlotte Steindel, Ingo Scholz, Matthias W Riepe

“…With case-control matching of HC and DD-BM- we find that executive functions are impaired in about one out of three and delayed recall in about two out of three patients with DD.…”
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'Otherwise, It Is Unclear What for I Am Living on Earth' (In Memory of V.A. Kosova) by G.Kh. Gilazetdinova, T.G. Fomina, L.R. Akhmerova, E.S. Palekha

“…Kosova was the deputy executive editor and a member of the editorial board of the scientific journal Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta (Proceedings of Kazan University. …”
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Designing an Exercise Protocol to Improve Impulsivity Control in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Pilot Study by Behzad Amini, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Ebrahim Pishyareh, Enayatollah Bakhshi, Hojjat Allah Haghgoo

“…Materials & Methods Based on the hypothesis of an inhibition deficiency, leading to disruptions in three areas of executive functioning, namely behavioral control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory, impulsivity control, and response control disorder are at the center of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. …”
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Una universidad que aprende: formación y evaluación docente en red / A university that learns: higher teacher education and evaluation network by Eleonora Badilla Saxe, Silvia Chacón Ramírez, Susan Francis Salazar

“…Amongst RIFED´s learning path some of its achievements are highlighted: a re-conceptualization of its functions as well as of the terms education and evaluation. …”
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Review of the official opponent to the doctoral (Law, major 12.00.08) thesis “The mechanism of criminal law countering extremist activities: content, structure, main directions of... by A. V. Petryanin

“…A critical evaluation was carried out for the main provisions of the thesis, for example, the absence of the author’s concept of extremist activity; the definition of goods and values in relation to which the goals are achieved and the functions of the criminal-legal counteraction to extremism are implemented; the author’s classification of terrorist crimes; the proposed version of Article 2821 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Creation of an extremist organized group, extremist community or participation in it”.Scientific novelty: the author evaluates the thesis by Z. …”
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