Estimating evolutionary and demographic parameters via ARG-derived IBD. by Zhendong Huang, Jerome Kelleher, Yao-Ban Chan, David Balding

“…Our mutation-rate estimator achieves precision similar to a previously-published method despite a 4 000-fold reduction in data used for inference, and we identify significant differences between human populations. …”
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Three-dimensional visualization of maize roots based on magnetic resonance imaging by Fang Xiaorong, Wang Nanfei, Zhang Jianfeng, Gong Xiangyang, Liu Fei, He Yong

“…Plant root system is plastic and dynamic, allowing plants to respond to their different environments in order to optimize acquisition of important soil resources. …”
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The Plantlia: free android app for measurement of foliar area and color with automated scaling by Ovidio Valerio-Cubillo

“…Plantlia also includes methods to share results from either direct measurements or thresholded images. …”
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Image-based maturity detection for selective cauliflower harvesting in field condition by Ajay Kushwah, P.K. Sharma, H.L. Kushwaha, Brij Bihari Sharma, Naseeb Singh, Ramineni Harsha Nag, Manojit Chowdhury, Nrusingh Charan Pradhan, Gopal Carpenter, Silpa Mandal, Ali Salem

“…Three algorithms—the color difference method, the color component ratio method, and the chromatic aberration method—were developed to accurately segment cauliflower. …”
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On the Durability of Sealable Circular Concrete Structures under Chloride Environment by Changwen Mi, Kaikai Shao, Xiaobao Li

“…Reinforcement corrosion resulting from chloride attack is one major mechanism that compromises concrete durability. Numerical methods were commonly used for tackling Fick’s diffusion equations. …”
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Optimizing Fingerprint Identification: CNNs With Raw Images Versus Handcrafted Features for Real-Time Systems by Shaik Salma, Tauheed Ahmed, Garimella Ramamurthy

“…This proposed method outperforms recent methods in accuracy and speed, validated by ROC, precision-recall, F1-score, and accuracy metrics in real-world scenarios. …”
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Enhanced Conformer-Based Speech Recognition via Model Fusion and Adaptive Decoding with Dynamic Rescoring by Junhao Geng, Dongyao Jia, Zihao He, Nengkai Wu, Ziqi Li

“…First, based on the Conformer network and its variants, we introduce a weighted fusion method using training loss as an indicator, adjusting the weights, thresholds, and other related parameters of the fused models to balance the contributions of different model structures, thereby creating a more robust and generalized model that alleviates overfitting and local optima. …”
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Hilbert–Huang transform and spectrum-weighted reconstruction integration for millimeter wave radar-based heart rate detection by Hao CUI, Luyao LIU, Hao CHEN, Wendong XIAO

“…Thereafter, building on the traditional constant false alarm rate (CFAR) method, we design an adaptive CFAR approach that dynamically adjusts based on environmental noise thresholds, incorporating real-time scaling factor updates to reduce the impact of random dynamic noise, thereby enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of weak signal target detection during radar-based HR monitoring. …”
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Early Prediction of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture Risk Using Numerical Biomechanical Analysis by Kristina Grassl, Thomas C. Gasser, Florian K. Enzmann, Alexandra Gratl, Josef Klocker, David Wippel, David C. Walcher, Elke R. Gizewski, Sabine H. Wipper

“…<b>Objective</b>: We aimed to predict patient-specific rupture risks and growth behaviors in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients using biomechanical evaluation with finite element analysis to establish an additional AAA repair threshold besides diameter and sex. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 1219 patients treated between 2005 and 2024 (conservative and repaired AAAs) were screened for a pseudo-prospective single-center study. …”
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Development and validation of a nomogram model for prolonged length of stay in spinal fusion patients: a retrospective analysis by Linghong Wu, Xiaozhong Peng, Yao Lu, Cuiping Fu, Liujun She, Guangwei Zhu, Xianglong Zhuo, Wei Hu, Xiangtao Xie

“…Abstract Objective To develop a nomogram model for the prediction of the risk of prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) in spinal fusion patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was carried out on 6272 patients who had undergone spinal fusion surgery. …”
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Changes of Narrative: Osvald Sirén’s Photographic Modeling of Modern Research on Chinese Garden by Jiuwen GU, Yuanfeng SHI, Shan JIA

“…ObjectivePhotography, as an innovative method of recording Chinese gardens in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, has a significant impact on the research on gardens both then and in later generations. …”
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Implantable bone conduction devices enhance functional ear reconstruction in patients with pediatric microtia by Ying Chen, Ying Chen, Chen-long Li, Chen-long Li, Liu-Jie Ren, Liu-Jie Ren, Xu Wu, Na Gao, Na Gao, Ai-juan He, Yao-yao Fu, Yao-yao Fu, Ya-ying Zhu, Ya-ying Zhu, Tian-yu Zhang, Tian-yu Zhang, Tian-yu Zhang

“…PurposeThis study evaluated the audiometric outcomes and complications of simultaneous bone conduction device (BCD) implantation and auricular reconstruction, and the comparative effectiveness of three BCDs.MethodsIn total, 41 patients with bilateral microtia (ranging from 8 to 16 years old) who underwent combined surgery from January 2018 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. …”
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Associations of maternal PM2.5 exposure with preterm birth and miscarriage in women undergoing in vitro fertilization: a retrospective cohort study by Miaoxin Chen, Qiaoyu Chen, Gengze Liao, Chunyan Sun, Cong Liu, Xia Meng, Wentao Li, Andong Qiu, Orhan Bukulmez, Haidong Kan, Feng Wang, Lap Ah Tse, Xiaoming Teng

“…The objective of this study was to investigate the potential associations between ambient PM2.5 exposure during different periods and negative pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage and preterm birth, in patients who underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study examined the outcomes of 2,839 infertile women aged ≤ 45 years who underwent their first fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer at the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital between April 2016 and December 2019. …”
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Hs-CRP/HDL-C ratio as a predictive inflammatory-lipid marker for sarcopenia: evidence from NHANES 2015–2018 by Xin-Yan Guo, Liang-Wen Li

“…ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Hs-CRP/HDL-C) ratio and sarcopenia among U.S. population by using composite marker integrating systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism.MethodThis study included participants from the 2015–2018 of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). …”
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Vegetation Growth Changes and Their Constraining Effects on Ecosystem Services Under Ecological Restoration in the Shendong Mining Area by Xufei Zhang, Zhichao Chen, Yiheng Jiao, Yiqiang Cheng, Zhenyao Zhu, Shidong Wang, Hebing Zhang

“…After the ecological restoration project, kNDVI’s constraint on ecosystem services decreased. (4) After restoration, the threshold value of kNDVI for maximizing the benefits of the four ecosystem services ranges from 0.1 to 0.2, and the constraint on the total ecosystem services reaches the threshold value of 0.225. …”
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Sustainable Self-Training Pig Detection System with Augmented Single Labeled Target Data for Solving Domain Shift Problem by Junhee Lee, Heechan Chae, Seungwook Son, Jongwoong Seo, Yooil Suh, Jonguk Lee, Yongwha Chung, Daihee Park

“…To address the degradation issue, this study proposes a self-training-based domain adaptation method that utilizes a single label on target (SLOT) sample from the target domain, a genetic algorithm (GA)-based data augmentation search (DAS) designed explicitly for SLOT data to optimize the augmentation parameters, and a super-low-threshold strategy to include low-confidence-scored pseudo-labels during self-training. …”
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Associations of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio(NLR), Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG), and TyG-derived indices with vitality decline in older adults in China: a study within th... by Jiaxiu Zhao, Xueying Ji, Yixin Chen, Jiaofeng Wang, Jie Chen, Yiqin Huang, Zhijun Bao

“…Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses explored potential nonlinear relationships and threshold effects. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the discriminative capacity of different models. …”
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The relationship between hemoglobin glycation index and the risk of cardiovascular disease in populations with diabetes or prediabetes: a population-based cohort study by Zheng Wang, Fachao Shi, Long Wang, Caoyang Fang

“…When baseline HGI exceeded these thresholds, each unit increase in HGI was significantly associated with higher risks of CVD (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.23–1.48), heart attack(OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.20–1.51), and CHF (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.22–1.58).Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in CHF risk associated with HGI across racial groups (interaction P = 0.03). …”
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The effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on whole-body physical fitness and skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in vivo in locally advanced rectal cancer pat... by Malcolm A West, Lisa Loughney, Daniel Lythgoe, Christopher P Barben, Valerie L Adams, William E Bimson, Michael P W Grocott, Sandy Jack, Graham J Kemp

“…<h4>Results</h4>Median age was 67 years (IQR 64-75). Differences (95%CI) in all three primary variables were significantly negative post-NACRT: Oxygen uptake at estimated anaerobic threshold -2.4 ml.kg-1.min-1 (-3.8, -0.9), p = 0.004; Oxygen uptake at Peak -4.0 ml.kg-1.min-1 (-6.8, -1.1), p = 0.011; and post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery rate constant -0.34 min-1 (-0.51, -0.17), p<0.001.…”
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Central Nervous System Involvement in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Jumana Kareem, Ali Al-Hashimi, Hashim Al-Kadhimi

“…There was statistically significant increase in the means of the motor threshold of both phrenic nerve in some patients with COPD in comparison with control group. …”
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