How Large Must an Associational Mean Difference Be to Support a Causal Effect? by Michael Höfler, Ekaterina Pronizius, Erin Buchanan

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Exercise intensity prescription in heart failure: A comparison of different physiological parameters by David Sá Couto, Inês Lopes, Maria Isilda Oliveira, Cristine Schmidt, Sandra Magalhães, Hélder Dores, Fernando Ribeiro, Mário Santos

“…This study aims to compare some of the commonly used parameters for range-based exercise intensity prescription, with a ventilatory threshold-based approach. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 163 HF patients across a left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) spectrum who underwent maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). …”
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Color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions by Sıla Nur Usta, Cangül Keskin

“…ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions.Materials and MethodsBiodentine and NeoPutty were set in cylindrical molds with 7 mm diameter and 1.5 mm high and immersed in distilled water, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 9% 1-hydroxyethylidene 1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP), and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions for 24 hours. …”
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Sex Difference in Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain Response to Exercise: Role of Oxidative Stress by Zahra Rostami, Sahar Ghasemi, Hamed Farzadmanesh, Manouchehr Safari, Ali Ghanbari

“…We investigated whether swimming exercise can reduce trigeminal neuropathic pain through improving antioxidant capacity. Materials and Methods. Twenty-eight Wistar rats of either sex and 180–220 grams were divided into 4 groups as sham, neuropathy, neuropathy + single bout exercise, and neuropathy + 2 weeks of exercise. …”
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A Theoretical and Methodological Substantiation of the Approach to Assessing Ukraine’s National Security in the Post-War Period by Khaustova Viktoriia Ye., Trushkina Nataliia V.

“…The proposed methodological approach will allow for addressing the issues of national security provision based on unified methodological positions, despite the different substantive content of individual aspects of determining the threshold values of assessment indicators. …”
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Existence and non-degeneracy of the normalized spike solutions to the fractional Schrödinger equations by Guo Qing, Zhang Yuhang

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Comparison of Different Controller Architectures for Autonomous Driving and Recommendations for Robust and Safe Implementations by M. A. Shadab Siddiqui, M. S. Rabbi, Md Jobayer Islam, Radif Uddin Ahmed

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DMRIntTk: Integrating different DMR sets based on density peak clustering. by Wenjin Zhang, Wenlong Jie, Wanxin Cui, Guihua Duan, You Zou, Xiaoqing Peng

“…<h4>Results</h4>Here, we develop DMRIntTk, a toolkit for integrating DMR sets predicted by different methods on a same dataset. In DMRIntTk, the genome is segmented into bins, and the reliability of each DMR set at different methylation thresholds is evaluated. …”
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Denoised Improved Envelope Spectrum for Fault Diagnosis of Aero-Engine Inter-Shaft Bearing by Danni Li, Longting Chen, Hanbin Zhou, Jinyuan Tang, Xing Zhao, Jingsong Xie

“…To solve this problem, this paper proposed the denoised improved envelope spectrum (DIES) method. First, an improved envelope spectrum generated by a spectrum subtraction method is proposed. …”
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Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Hypertension According to Different Diagnostic Criteria by Hao H, Geng H, Ma M

“…Hua Hao, Hui Geng, Mao Ma Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mao Ma, Email mamaoxj@163.comObjective: To explore the association between triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and hypertension under different diagnostic thresholds.Methods: This study analyzed data from routine occupational health examinations conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University in 2019. …”
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Thermal Conductive Polyamide-6/Polyolefin Elastomer/Aluminum Nitride/Aluminum Oxide Composites by Marjan Shahmir, Shervin Ahmadi, Hassan Arabi

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Urban heat island classification through alternative normalized difference vegetation index by N. Chanpichaigosol, C. Chaichana, D. Rinchumphu

“…Urban heat island was classified based on standard deviation thresholds. The results were analyzed and compared visually using geographic information system, incorporating spatial variations and heat intensity patterns to better understand the urban landscape.FINDINGS: Adjusting normalized difference vegetation index values showed a nonlinear relationship with Land Surface Temperature predictions, where certain thresholds caused unexpected decreases in Land Surface Temperature. …”
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Women in the triathlon—the differences between female and male triathletes: a narrative review by Michèle Loosli, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Volker Scheer, Matthias Wilhelm, Pedro Forte, Pedro Forte, Pedro Forte, Pedro Forte, Marilia Andrade, Thomas Rosemann, Sasa Duric, Ivan Cuk, Beat Knechtle, Beat Knechtle

“…Therefore, this narrative review aimed to compare female and male triathletes in terms of participation, performance, and the different influences on performance (e.g., physiology, age, pacing, motivation).MethodsA literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus using the search terms “female triathletes”, “women in triathlon”, “triathlon AND gender difference”, and “triathlon AND sex difference”. 662 articles were found using this search strategy, of which 147 were relevant for this review. …”
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Association between dietary protein intake and bone mineral density based on NHANES 2011–2018 by Xingxing Chen, Yonghua Fu, Zhongxin Zhu

“…The study demonstrates a positive association between dietary protein intake and BMD, although this relationship is complex and nonlinear with varying effects across different populations. Specifically, positive correlation is only significant below a specific threshold level in some populations. …”
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Understanding the global measurement of willingness to pay in health by Jean A. McDougall, Wesley E. Furnback, Bruce C. M. Wang, Jörg Mahlich

“…Conclusion: Different methods used to elicit willingness to pay and the value of a statistical life year resulted in a wide range of estimates.…”
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Analysis of flight delay propagation characteristics based on complex network propagation dynamics by Xinsheng YANG, Xiaolong XIE, Ming WEI

“…In order to address the problem that the existing susceptible-infected-recovered(SIR) model does not consider the impact of the topology of the airport network on the flight delay propagation, the topological characteristic index of the airport network was calculated based on the complex network theory.The comprehensive importance of each airport was evaluated by using the entropy weighted technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) method, and all airports were divided into several classes, thus the improved SIR model for the flight delay propagation of airports in different classes was established and the propagation thresholds of the model were solved. …”
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Influence and reinforcement of gate bias on total dose effect of SiC MOSFET by QIU Leshan, WU Zhikang, CHEN Yan, LI Chengzhan, BAI Yun

“…The effect and mechanism of gate bias voltage and high-temperature gate bias annealing after irradiation on the threshold drift of MOSFETs were investigated. Through the analysis using the midband voltage method, it was found that the negative threshold drift was mainly caused by the capture of the irradiation-generated holes by near-interface traps. …”
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The System of Indicators of Economic Security of a Municipality as an Integral Element of a Multi-Level System of Economic Security by S. N. Mityakov, T. A. Fedoseeva, E. S. Mityakov

“…The article proposes a system of indicators for monitoring the economic security of municipalities, which can be adapted for any municipality and effectively used for comparative analysis of the levels of economic security of the territories under consideration, located at different hierarchical levels. We propose that the system includes 11 indicators and threshold values for each of them. …”
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Separation of Body and Surface Wave Background Noise and Passive Seismic Interferometry Based on Synchrosqueezed Continuous Wavelet Transform by Xiaolong Li, Fengjiao Zhang, Zhuo Xu, Xiangbo Gong

“…In practical passive seismic data, body wave noise and surface wave noise often overlap in frequency bands, making it challenging to separate them effectively using conventional methods. The synchrosqueezed continuous wavelet transform, as a high-resolution time–frequency analysis method, can effectively capture the variations in frequency of passive seismic data. …”
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Proposed Quality Control Charts Using Haar Wavelet Coefficients for Enhanced Production Monitoring by Sarah Ameen, taha ali

“…For the first time, the universal threshold method to treat data noise was used to create control limits in the proposed charts. …”
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