Burden, clinical outcomes, and characteristics of tuberculosis in migrant populations in the middle East and North African region: A systematic review and meta-analyses by Taha Maatoug, Farah Seedat, Eman Elafef, Anissa Ouahchi, Ali Mtiraoui, Stella Evangelidou, Wejdene Mansour, Ana Requena-Méndez, Dominik Zenner

“…Migrants had lower TB-related mortality (pooled OR 0.8, 95 % CI 0.7–0.9; I2 = 2.9 %), however, treatment success rates were consistently below the WHO-recommended 90 % threshold. Migrant TB patients were younger (mean age difference: 12.8 years; 95 % CI 8.8–16.0; I2 = 86.5 %) and predominantly male (sex ratio: 1:5). …”
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Modelling the epidemiological and economic impact of digital adherence technologies with differentiated care for tuberculosis treatment in Ethiopia by Richard White, Katherine L Fielding, Salome Charalambous, Nicola Foster, Degu Jerene, Andrew Mganga, Taye Letta, Job van Rest, Amare Worku Tadesse, Rein MGJ Houben, Ahmed Bedru, Kristian van Kalmthout, Christopher Finn McQuaid, Lara Goscé, Jense van der Wal, Martin J Harker, Norma Madden, Tofik Abdurhman, Demekech Gadissa, Tanyaradzwa N Dube, Jason Alacapa, Natasha Deyanova

“…We projected long-term TB incidence, mortality and costs to 2035 and conducted a threshold analysis to identify the maximum possible epidemiological impact of a DAT intervention by assuming 100% treatment completion for patients on DAT.Findings We estimated small and uncertain epidemiological benefits of the pillbox intervention compared with the standard of care in Ethiopia, with a difference of −0.4% (95% uncertainty interval (UI) −1.1%; +2.0%) incident TB episodes and −0.7% (95% UI −2.2%; +3.6%) TB deaths. …”
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Early Palliative Care Following Aborted Cancer Surgery: Results of a Prospective Feasibility Trial by Jordan M. Cloyd, MD, Rakhsha Khatri, BA, Angela Sarna, BS, Lena Stevens, PhD, Victor Heh, PhD, Mary Dillhoff, MD, Alex Kim, MD, Timothy M. Pawlik, MD, PhD, MPH, Aslam Ejaz, MD, Sharla Wells-Di Gregorio, PhD, Erin Scott, MD, Sachin S. Kale, MD

“…We hypothesized that early ambulatory PC referral following aborted cancer surgery would be feasible and acceptable. Methods:. This single-institution prospective clinical trial enrolled adult patients with gastrointestinal or hepatopancreatobiliary cancer with no prior PC exposure who had curative-intent oncologic surgery that was unexpectedly aborted. …”
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Cost‐effectiveness analysis of a community‐based model for delivery of antiretroviral therapy to people with clinically stable HIV in Cambodia by Lo Yan Esabelle Yam, Pheak Chhoun, Ziya Tian, Michiko Nagashima‐Hayashi, Marina Zahari, Sovannary Tuot, Sovannarith Samreth, Bora Ngauv, Vichea Ouk, Kiesha Prem, Siyan Yi

“…This study examined the cost‐effectiveness of the CAD compared to the MMD model. Methods This study was conducted between 2021 and 2023 and involved 2040 stable people living with HIV in the CAD arm and 2049 in the MMD arm. …”
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The value of a combined model based on ultra-radiomics and multi-modal ultrasound in the benign-malignant differentiation of C-TIRADS 4A thyroid nodules: a prospective multicenter... by Shuai Cui, Qifan Liu, Hailong Wang, Husha Li, Wei Li, Chenlong Li, Leilei Bi, Yang Mu, Wenjing Guo, Jundong Yao, Zhoulong Zhang

“…DeLong’s test showed that the combined model performed best in the training set, and in the test set, the combined model outperformed the multimodal ultrasound model but showed no significant difference compared to the radiomics model. DCA indicated that the combined model achieved higher net benefits within a specific threshold probability range (0.15-0.90).ConclusionThe combined model exhibits robust diagnostic capability in distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules classified as C-TIRADS 4A.…”
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Peripheral blood biomarkers as differential diagnostic markers of disease severity in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia by Dereje Mengesha Berta, Negesse Cherie, Berhanu Woldu, Aregawi Yalew, Elias Chane, Amare Mekuaninnit, Mebratu Tamir, Zufan Yiheyis, Abiy Ayele Angelo, Zewudu Mulatie, Adamu Kassie, Bisrat Birke Teketelew

“…Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the differential diagnostic value of peripheral blood biomarkers with disease severity as an alternative. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on conveniently selected neonates admitted with hyperbilirubinemia during study period. …”
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus’ impact on heart failure patients’ exercise tolerance: a focus on maximal fat oxidation during exercise by Huiying Zhu, Huiying Zhu, Jianchao Pan, Jianxuan Wen, Jianxuan Wen, Xiaojing Dang, Xiaojing Dang, Xiankun Chen, Xiankun Chen, Yunxiang Fan, Yunxiang Fan, Weihui Lu, Weihui Lu, Wei Jiang, Wei Jiang

“…ObjectiveTo explore the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on exercise tolerance and fat oxidation capacity in patients with heart failure (HF).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 108 Chinese patients with HF who were divided into a diabetic group (T2DM group, n = 47) and a non-diabetic group (non-T2DM group, n = 61). …”
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Mental health treatment and its impact on survival outcomes in patients with comorbid mental health and cardiovascular diseases: a retrospective cohort study by Tirsit Ketsela Zeleke, Fasil Bayafers Tamene, Gebremariam Wulie Geremew, Tekletsadik Tekleslassie Alemayehu, Minichil Chanie Worku, Samuel Agegnew Wondm, Aschalew Mulatu Tefera, Ayelign Eshete Fitgu, Wubetu Yihunie Belay, Abraham Teym, Rahel Belete Abebe, Bantayehu Addis Tegegne

“…Adjusted hazard ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were reported, and statistical significance was determined at a P-value threshold of < 0.05. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to illustrate differences in time to hospital readmission and emergency department visits between treated and untreated patients. …”
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Impact of three sequential orthogeriatric care models on time to surgery after hip fracture: a retrospective study by Sabine Drevet, Jérôme Tonetti, Pierre Bouzat, Mehdi Boudissa, Jules Greze, Olga Fajfrova, Laure Allan-Pattoglia, Frederic Olive, Magali Bouisse, Bastien Boussat, Catherine Bioteau, Gaetan Gavazzi

“…The length of stay did not differ between models. At discharge, 81.4% of patients from ICMA could walk at least 3 m. …”
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Genetic Variants of Interleukin-8 and Interleukin-16 and Their Association with Cervical Cancer Risk by Rafał Watrowski, Eva Schuster, Stefan Polterauer, Toon Van Gorp, Gerda Hofstetter, Michael B. Fischer, Sven Mahner, Robert Zeillinger, Eva Obermayr

“…Singular studies in Asian populations have suggested a potential role of IL-8 rs4073 (−251 A>T) and IL-16 rs1131445 (3′UTR T>C) in cervical carcinogenesis. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in a European cohort of 339 women, including 126 CC patients and 213 controls. …”
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Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Skin Cancer: Results from NHANES Data and Mendelian Randomization Analysis by Niu Y, Shi S, Chen Y, Yang S, Yan P, Kou J

“…Risk trends vary at different SUA thresholds, and elevated levels are tied to other negative health outcomes. …”
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Inflammatory markers predict efficacy of immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a preliminary exploratory study by Yingqing Zhang, Na Yan, Yan Feng, Yonglei Wu, Yuejiao Sun, Xixi Gao, Chao Gu, Xiaolong Ma, Feng Gao, Hui Zhang, Jiaqi Zhou

“…We validated the NLR threshold of 5 from multiple previous studies in the data of this study, and patients with NLR > 5 also did not show a significant tendency towards the primary resistance group. …”
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Effect of Ciprofol on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Chen Z, Liu YY, Hu Q, Wang JS, Cao RY, Yu ST, Lu F, Zhong ML, Liang WD, Wang L

“…This trial aimed to explore the effect of ciprofol on the pathogenesis of POD and whether SIRT3 had a correlation with the pathogenesis of POD.Patients and methods: One hundred fourteen elderly patients scheduled for elective hip joint surgery were included in this randomized controlled, double blind study. …”
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Performance and Cost-Effectiveness of Computed Tomography Lung Cancer Screening Scenarios in a Population-Based Setting: A Microsimulation Modeling Analysis in Ontario, Canada. by Kevin Ten Haaf, Martin C Tammemägi, Susan J Bondy, Carlijn M van der Aalst, Sumei Gu, S Elizabeth McGregor, Garth Nicholas, Harry J de Koning, Lawrence F Paszat

“…In general, scenarios that applied stringent smoking eligibility criteria (i.e., requiring higher levels of accumulated smoking exposure) were more cost-effective than scenarios with less stringent smoking eligibility criteria, with modest differences in life-years gained. Annual screening between ages 55-75 for persons who smoked ≥40 pack-years and who currently smoke or quit ≤10 y ago yielded an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $41,136 Canadian dollars ($33,825 in May 1, 2015, United States dollars) per life-year gained (compared to annual screening between ages 60-75 for persons who smoked ≥40 pack-years and who currently smoke or quit ≤10 y ago), which was considered optimal at a cost-effectiveness threshold of $50,000 Canadian dollars ($41,114 May 1, 2015, US dollars). …”
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Sustained effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Counselling for Alcohol Problems, a brief psychological treatment for harmful drinking in men, delivered by lay counsellors in pri... by Abhijit Nadkarni, Helen A Weiss, Benedict Weobong, David McDaid, Daisy R Singla, A-La Park, Bhargav Bhat, Basavaraj Katti, Jim McCambridge, Pratima Murthy, Michael King, G Terence Wilson, Betty Kirkwood, Christopher G Fairburn, Richard Velleman, Vikram Patel

“…We evaluated the sustainability of the effects after treatment termination, the cost-effectiveness of CAP over 12 months, and the effects of the hypothesized mediator 'readiness to change' on clinical outcomes.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Male primary care attendees aged 18-65 years screening with harmful drinking on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were randomised to either CAP plus enhanced usual care (EUC) (n = 188) or EUC alone (n = 189), of whom 89% completed assessments at 3 months, and 84% at 12 months. …”
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Association Between Gut Microbiota and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study in a Chinese Population by Wenjian Lin, Zixin Liang, Junxuan Fang, Yu Liu, Lei Lei, Jiawen Lin, Bin Xia, Zhihua Zheng, Jingqiu Yuan, Chun Tang

“…<b>Materials and Methods:</b> We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics of 500 gut microbial features (9 phyla, 3 classes, 14 orders, 32 families, 95 genera, 248 species, and 99 gut metabolic modules (GMMs)) from the 4D-SZ (from Shenzhen, China) discovery cohort (n = 1539). …”
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Insights into Sinus-Lift Bone Grafting Materials: What’s Changed? by Anida-Maria Băbțan, Claudia N. Feurdean, Anca Ionel, Willi A. Uriciuc, Radu Chifor, Chambon Antoine Bernard Jaques, Bianca A. Boșca, Aranka Ilea

“…This systematic review provides insights into state-of-the-art SL biomaterials, focusing on autologous bone grafting as the gold standard. Methods: The study followed the PRISMA flow diagram, searching WoS (Web of Science), Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases using the search terms «sinus lift» OR «sinus augmentation» OR «bone graft» OR «bovine» OR «porcine» OR «autologous» OR «allogenic» OR «xenogeneic» OR «alloplastic» OR «hydroxyapatite» OR «β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)» OR «equine» OR «PRF». …”
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Mechanism of Inflammation Regulation of α7nAChR in Spleen and Spinal Dorsal Horn of Mice with Paclitaxel-induced Neuropathic Pain by Electroacupuncture on Zusanli Acupoint by PANG Lina, LAN Yanyan, WANG Zhifu, CHEN Xiaomei, YU Xiangmei

“…ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on Zusanli acupoint on the inflammatory changes of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in spleen and spinal dorsal horn of mice with paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain (PINP) .MethodsA total of sixty adult male C57BL/6 mice with the body weight of 18-22 g were selected and randomly divided into control group, model group, electroacupuncture group, intraperitoneal antagonist group and intrathecal antagonist group according to random number table, with 12 mice in each group. …”
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Characteristics of Cerebral Cortical Structural Alterations in Female Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Without Major Neuropsychiatric Manifestations Accompanied by Anxiet... by Zhicheng Liu, Yifan Yang, Shuang Liu, Guofang Zhang, Ru Bai, Shu Li, Ruotong Zhao, Yuqi Cheng, Jian Xu

“…We also further examined the correlation between these morphological alterations and clinical characteristics. Methods: Employing advanced structural MRI (sMRI) techniques, we implemented a dual analytical approach combining voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) to assess structural differences across three cohorts comprising 59 SLE patients with anxiety and/or depression (SLE-AD), 35 SLE patients with no anxiety and/or depression (SLE-NAD), and 48 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). …”
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Diabetes-related distress and psychological burden in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes – the role of child maltreatment, personality functioning, and epistemic trust: findi... by Sandra Zara, Imogen Carla Ullrich, Anna Maria Leveling, Friederike Gisela Genoveva Saretzki, Jana Schmitz, Michael Eckhard, Johannes Kruse, Johannes Kruse, Johannes Kruse, Hanna Kampling, Hanna Kampling

“…Epistemic mistrust and credulity were significantly higher (mistrust: t(111)=3.677, p&lt;.001, d=.692; credulity: t(111)=5.000, p&lt;.001, d=.941), with medium and large effect sizes. No differences regarding epistemic trust were found (t(111)=.409, p=.683, d=.077), with the effect size below the threshold for small effects. …”
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