An optimization method for hemi-diaphragm measurement of dynamic chest X-ray radiography during respiration based on graphics and diaphragm motion consistency criterion by Yingjian Yang, Jie Zheng, Peng Guo, Tianqi Wu, Qi Gao, Yong Li, Chengcheng Liu, Yang Liu, Yingwei Guo, Huai Chen

“…Lastly, these abnormal hemi-diaphragms are optimized based on the consistency criterion of diaphragm motion.ResultsResults show that the proposed optimization method can effectively measure the hemi-diaphragm, even in the presence of the inapparent cardiophrenic angle caused by abnormal deformations of the lung field morphology during respiration, reducing the mean error by 49.050 pixels (49.050 × 417 μm = 20,453.85 μm).DiscussionTherefore, the proposed optimization method may become an effective tool for precision healthcare to find the pattern of diaphragm movement during respiratory interventions.…”
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EDITORIAL by Ivan Čuk

“…From last October issue we have to apologize to the authors Luísa Amaral, José Ferreirinha, Paulo Santos and Albrecht Claessens as we did some errors in article design; you can find corrected article on our web pages. …”
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Application value of MRI examination in the diagnosis of complex anal fistula by Wu Ziwei, Sun Xueliang, Fu Zhihui, Ni Zhengxin, Yang Jianhua

“…During intraoperative exploration, 71 main fistulas, 68 internal openings, 26 branch fistulas, 15 patients with abscesses, 6 suprasphincteric, 46 intersphincteric, 2 extrasphincteric, and 17 transsphincteric were confirmed. Using surgical findings as the reference standard, the accuracy rates of MRI examination were 100%, 98.5%, 92.3% and 100% for detecting the main fistula, internal stoma opening, branching fistula and abscess, respectively. …”
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Comparative analysis of digital mammography and contrast-enhanced mammography in diagnosing suspicious breast calcifications: implications for surgical decision-making by Marwa Mohamed Taher Mohamed ElSayad, Maha Hussein Mohamed Helal, Omar Hussein Omar, Ahmed Gamal Eldeen Othman, Marwa Elsayed Abdelrahman Ibrahim

“…This was evident in patients with dense breasts or instances of satisfaction of search error, where subtle lesions indicative of multicentricity were initially missed, highlighting CEM’s potential to enhance surgical decision-making in such scenarios.…”
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Validation of Gait Kinematics With Ramp and Stair Ascent and Descent Revealed by Markerless Motion Capture in Simulated Living Space: Test-Retest Reliability Study by Daiki Shimotori, Kenji Kato, Tatsuya Yoshimi, Izumi Kondo

“…The absolute reliability of day-to-day reproducibility was assessed using full-curve analysis (root mean square difference [RMSD]) and discrete point analysis of gait events using the standard error of measurement (SEM). SEM was calculated only for level walking and ramp ascent and descent, where gait events were correctly detected. …”
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Dynamic Monitoring of Goaf Stress Field and Rock Deformation Driven by Optical Diber Sensing Technology by Jing Chai, Zhe Yan, Yibo Ouyang, Dingding Zhang, Jianfeng Yang, Gaoyi Yang, Chenyang Ma

“…Compared with the BPPS measurements, the deviation in the inverted data is less than 8.88%, the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.98–1.20 in different propulsion stages, and the coefficient of determination (R²) is between 0.72 and 0.85. …”
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An Analysis of Variance of the Pantheon+ Dataset: Systematics in the Covariance Matrix? by Ryan E. Keeley, Arman Shafieloo, Benjamin L’Huillier

“…One simple interpretation of these results is a ∼7% overestimation of errors on SN distance moduli in Pantheon+ data. When the covariance matrix is reduced by subtracting an intrinsic scatter term from the diagonal terms of the covariance matrix, the best-fit <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>χ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mo>Λ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>CDM model achieves a normal value of 1580 and no deviation from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mo>Λ</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>CDM is detected. …”
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Utilizing LuTan-1 SAR Images to Monitor the Mining-Induced Subsidence and Comparative Analysis with Sentinel-1 by Fengqi Yang, Xianlin Shi, Keren Dai, Wenlong Zhang, Shuai Yang, Jing Han, Ningling Wen, Jin Deng, Tao Li, Yuan Yao, Rui Zhang

“…Moreover, the quality of LT-1’s monitoring results surpassed that of Sentinel-1 in root mean square error (RMSE), standard deviation (SD), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). …”
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Diagnostic performance of the extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma (EFAST) patients in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal by Samjhana Basnet, Sanu Krishna Shrestha, Alok Pradhan, Roshana Shrestha, Anmol Purna Shrestha, Grishma Sharma, Sahil Bade, Latika Giri

“…EFAST was found to have a high specificity (99.5%) and positive predictive value (98.21%) which indicates that it is an effective technique for detecting intra-abdominal or thoracic injuries. However, the effectiveness of EFAST is limited by its being operator dependent, and thereby human error. …”
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Pedigree reconstruction based on genotype data in chickens by Yan Zhou, Qunpu Wang, Qiulian Wang, Yiyuan Yan, Guangqi Li, Guiqin Wu, Ning Yang, Chaoliang Wen

“…However, in commercial chicken breeding, pedigree errors and omissions are common. The large-scale application of genomic selection provides an opportunity to reconstruct chicken pedigrees using SNP markers. …”
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The impact of the dairy cow’s position on eye and udder temperatures obtained with infra-red thermography within a walk-trough system by M.W. Little, J.E. Weller, S. Buijs

“…While such variation in positioning is known to impact recorded temperatures, the extent of this impact is rarely quantified. If the error due to suboptimal positioning is sufficient to obscure temperature changes associated with the condition to be detected, the reliability of an early warning system is greatly impaired. …”
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Rapid screening of fumonisins in maize using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and machine learning algorithms by Bruna Carbas, Pedro Sampaio, Sílvia Cruz Barros, Andreia Freitas, Ana Sanches Silva, Carla Brites

“…Similarly, ANN models showed good predictive performance, particularly for FB1 + FB2, with R = 0.99, and the root means square error (RMSE) of 131 μg/kg for calibration; and R = 0.95, RMSE = 656 μg/kg for validation.These findings underscore the efficacy of NIR spectroscopy as a rapid, non-destructive tool for fumonisin screening in maize, with chemometric algorithms enhancing model accuracy, offering a valuable method for ensuring food safety.…”
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Statistical analysis and machine learning of TMS-induced MEPs for predicting poststroke motor impairment and performance by Chun-Ren Phang, Shintaro Uehara, Sachiko Kodera, Akiko Yuasa, Shin Kitamura, Yohei Otaka, Akimasa Hirata

“…Participants without detectable MEPs (n = 18) had significantly lower motor scores than those with detectable MEPs did. …”
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Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capi... by Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela, Joseph Kumbur, Faizah Okunade, Donald Ashikeni, Rinpan Ishaya, Girija Sankar, William Enan Adamani, Moses Aderogba, Louise Makau-Barasa, Achai Emmanuel, Bosede Eunice Ogundipe, Chinwe Okoye, Babar Qureshi

“…Data collection adhered to standardized WHO guidelines, utilizing both paper-based and electronic data-capture tools to enhance accuracy and reduce human error. Results A total of 6,448 children participated in surveys across the four EUs, with gender distribution closely balanced (53% male, 47% female). …”
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Investigating Spatial Effects through Machine Learning and Leveraging Explainable AI for Child Malnutrition in Pakistan by Xiaoyi Zhang, Muhammad Usman, Ateeq ur Rehman Irshad, Mudassar Rashid, Amira Khattak

“…Secondly, Spatial Durbin Error Model (SDEM) was used to detect and capture the impact of spatial spillover on childhood stunting. …”
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Analysis of Ionospheric Disturbances in China During the December 2023 Geomagnetic Storm Using Multi-Instrument Data by Jun Tang, Sheng Wang, Jintao Wang, Mingxian Hu, Chaoqian Xu

“…These findings demonstrate the substantial impact of ionospheric disturbances on GNSS positioning accuracy in southern and central China during the geomagnetic storm. …”
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Risk of Superficial Fungal Infections in WHIM Syndrome by Jennifer Strong, Rutha Adhanom, Caleb S. Kim, Yoshine Saito, Jasmine C. Meltzer, Patrick Hallaert, Sophia Martinez, Abigail Salancy, Heidi H. Kong, Edward W. Cowen, Leslie Castelo-Soccio, Philip M. Murphy, David H. McDermott, Isaac Brownell

“…Abstract Introduction WHIM syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant inborn error of immunity caused by gain-of-function mutations in the chemokine receptor CXCR4. …”
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Comparative evaluation of sequencing technologies and primer sets for mouse gut microbiota profiling by Aleksandra Strokach, Polina Zoruk, Daria Boldyreva, Maxim Morozov, Evgenii Olekhnovich, Vladimir Veselovsky, Vladislav Babenko, Oksana Selezneva, Natalia Zakharevich, Andrey Larin, Severina Koldman, Severina Koldman, Vail Koldman, Vail Koldman, Maya Odorskaya, Roman Yunes, Vladislav Pavlov, Anna Kudryavtseva, Valeriy Danilenko, Ksenia Klimina, Ksenia Klimina

“…This study systematically evaluates these factors in mouse gut microbiota analysis, comparing 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenome sequencing (MS) across both platforms.ResultsOur findings highlight the critical influence of primer selection on 16S rRNA sequencing results, with certain primer combinations detecting unique taxa that others miss. …”
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Impact evaluation of a digital health platform empowering Kenyan women across the pregnancy-postpartum care continuum: A cluster randomized controlled trial. by Rajet Vatsa, Wei Chang, Sharon Akinyi, Sarah Little, Catherine Gakii, John Mungai, Cynthia Kahumbura, Anneka Wickramanayake, Sathyanath Rajasekharan, Jessica Cohen, Margaret McConnell

“…Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted for all outcomes at the individual level, with standard errors clustered by facility. Participants recruited from treatment facilities had a 0.08 standard deviation (SD) (95% CI [0.03, 0.12]; p = 0.002) higher knowledge index, a 0.08 SD (95% CI [0.02, 0.13]; p = 0.018) higher birth preparedness index, a 0.07 SD (95% CI [0.03, 0.11]; p = 0.003) higher routine care seeking index, a 0.09 SD (95% CI [0.07, 0.12]; p < 0.001) higher newborn care index, and a 0.06 SD (95% CI [0.01, 0.12]; p = 0.043) higher postpartum care content index than those recruited from control facilities. …”
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A Skill Assessment Framework for the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project by Nina Rynne, Camilla Novaglio, Julia Blanchard, Daniele Bianchi, Villy Christensen, Marta Coll, Jerome Guiet, Jeroen Steenbeek, Andrea Bryndum‐Buchholz, Tyler D. Eddy, Cheryl Harrison, Olivier Maury, Kelly Ortega‐Cisneros, Colleen M. Petrik, Derek P. Tittensor, Ryan F. Heneghan

“…Our analysis underscores the importance of employing easily interpretable, relative skill metrics to estimate the capability of models to capture temporal variations, alongside absolute error measures to characterize shifts in the magnitude of these variations between models and across simulation rounds. …”
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