Performance evaluation of CA-, GO- and SO-CFAR processors in a non-centered Lévy-distributed clutter by El-Hadi Meftah, Abdelhalim Rabehi, Slimane Benmahmoud

“… Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processors are critical for radar reliable target detection in radar systems. Traditional CFAR designs often assume Gaussian clutter, which may not reflect real-world conditions. …”
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Modelling of circumferential surface topography of grinding wheel with random distribution of circular truncated cone abrasive grains by Xiaodong CHEN, Dexiang WANG, Feng GUO, Xinming LI, Jingliang JIANG

“…Based on the phenomenon that the grinding particle size and the protrusion height both follow the normal distribution law, the normrnd function is used to generate circular truncated grinding particles with randomly distributed positions on the grinding wheel circumferential surface. …”
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Anomaly detection of adversarial cyber attacks on electric vehicle charging stations by Sagar Babu Mitikiri, Vedantham Lakshmi Srinivas, Mayukha Pal

“…For generating the abnormalities in the data, the Fast-Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) is used, through which adversarial inputs are obtained, and these adversarial inputs are fed to the proposed LSTM autoencoder to obtain the anomalous data. To detect anomalies, the distributions of the sliding windows of the predicted and the observed charging port current magnitudes are compared through Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test. …”
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AiWatch: A Distributed Video Surveillance System Using Artificial Intelligence and Digital Twins Technologies by Alessio Ferone, Antonio Maratea, Francesco Camastra, Angelo Ciaramella, Antonino Staiano, Marco Lettiero, Angelo Polizio, Francesco Lombardi, Antonio Junior Spoleto

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Functional condition of inspiratory muscles in obstructive sleep apnea patients by Anastasia I. Miroshnichenko, Adel K. Kunarbaeva, Konstantin M. Ivanov, Igor V. Miroshnichenko, Evgeniy E. Achkasov, Sergey A. Bondarev, Eduard N. Bezuglov, Alexey A. Popov, Leonid A. Gridin, Dmitry Yu. Butko

“…Objective — to investigate the functional condition of IM in patients with OSA of various degrees of severity. …”
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Genomic and functional analysis of rmp locus variants in Klebsiella pneumoniae by Margaret M. C. Lam, Stephen M. Salisbury, Logan P. Treat, Ryan R. Wick, Louise M. Judd, Kelly L. Wyres, Sylvain Brisse, Kimberly A. Walker, Virginia L. Miller, Kathryn E. Holt

“…Additionally, we examine the functionality of representatives for variants of rmpADC introduced into a mutant strain lacking its native rmpADC locus. …”
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Design and Characterization of a Self-Oscillating Fluxgate-Based Current Sensor for DC Distribution System Applications by Wei Chen, Huaijie Chen, Haibo Xu, Li Li

“…Fluxgate-based current sensors are usually implemented for DC current detection, but their complex structure and circuits with large volume and high cost have been limiting their applications. …”
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Improving consistency in methane emission quantification from the natural gas distribution systems across measurement devices by J. Tettenborn, D. Zavala-Araiza, D. Zavala-Araiza, D. Stroeken, H. Maazallahi, H. Maazallahi, C. van der Veen, A. Hensen, I. Velzeboer, P. van den Bulk, F. Vogel, L. Gillespie, L. Gillespie, S. Ars, J. France, J. France, D. Lowry, R. Fisher, T. Röckmann

“…Currently, the most common method for emission quantification uses the maximum methane enhancement detected while crossing a methane plume. However, the recorded maximum depends on instrument characteristics, such as measurement cell size, pump speed, and measurement frequency. …”
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Small target detection in UAV view based on improved YOLOv8 algorithm by Xiaoli Zhang, Guocai Zuo

“…Abstract The main challenges faced when detecting targets captured by UAVs include small target image size, dense target distribution, and uneven category distribution.In addition, the hardware limitations of UAVs impose constraints on the size and complexity of the model, which may lead to poor detection accuracy of the model. …”
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FedNDA: Enhancing Federated Learning with Noisy Client Detection and Robust Aggregation by Tuan Dung Kieu, Charles Fonbonne, Trung-Kien Tran, Thi-Lan Le, Hai Vu, Huu-Thanh Nguyen, Thanh-Hai Tran

“…To address this problem, this paper introduces a Federated learning framework with Noisy client Detection and robust Aggregation, FedNDA. In the first stage, FedNDA detects noisy clients by analyzing the distribution of their local losses. …”
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ATBHC-YOLO: aggregate transformer and bidirectional hybrid convolution for small object detection by Dandan Liao, Jianxun Zhang, Ye Tao, Xie Jin

“…Finally, a more appropriate loss function, WIoU, is used to penalise the quality variance of small object samples and further enhance the model’s detection accuracy. …”
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LE-YOLO: A Lightweight and Enhanced Algorithm for Detecting Surface Defects on Particleboard by Chao He, Yongkang Kang, Anning Ding, Wei Jia, Huaqiong Duo

“…Moreover, the Shared Dilated Feature Pyramid (SDFP) module is employed in the neck network, effectively reducing computational overhead while preserving detection accuracy. A lightweight detection head was further designed, integrating shared convolutional operations with a distribution-aware loss function, thereby substantially improving detection performance in complex textured environments. …”
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Object detection with afordable robustness for UAV aerial imagery: model and providing method by Viacheslav Moskalenko, Artem Korobov, Yuriy Moskalenko

“…However, the vulnerability of neural networks to adversarial noise, out-of-distribution data, and fault injections reduces the functionality and reliability of these solutions. …”
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Adaptive gate residual connection and multi-scale RCNN for fake news detection by QunHui Zhou, Tijian Cai

“…Detection of false news based on text classification technology has significant research significance and practical value in the current information age. …”
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Research on Defect Detection in Lightweight Photovoltaic Cells Using YOLOv8-FSD by Chao Chen, Zhuo Chen, Hao Li, Yawen Wang, Guangzhou Lei, Lingling Wu

“…Additionally, the regularized Gaussian distribution distance loss function is used to enhance the detection ability for small target defects. …”
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GIRH-Unet: Improved Residual Tobacco Segmentation Algorithm Based on GhostNetV3-Unet by Jianhua Ye, Yunda Zhang, Pan Li, Ze Guo

“…The residual tobacco contains fine particles that exhibit random distribution and varying edge morphologies. These factors contribute to the reduced accuracy and robustness of visual detection technologies based on segmentation algorithms within tobacco intelligent production systems, highlighting the need for a targeted segmentation model. …”
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Mobility difference index: a quantitative method for detecting human mobility difference by Zhaohui Liu, Rui Li, Jing Cai, Qiushi Hu, Huayi Wu

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Ta-YOLO: overcoming target blocked challenges in greenhouse tomato detection and counting by Yun Zhao, Yijia Chen, Xing Xu, Yong He, Hao Gan, Na Wu, Zhechen Wang, Xi Sun, Yali Wang, Petr Skobelev, Yanan Mi

“…Finally, we proposed the EWDIoU bounding box loss function, which leveraged a 2D Gaussian distribution to enhance the model’s accuracy and robustness. …”
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Queue Size Distribution on a New ND Policy Geo/G/1 Queue and Its Computation Designs by Rongxiu Wang

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First Detection of Low-frequency Striae in Interplanetary Type III Radio Bursts by Vratislav Krupar, Eduard P. Kontar, Jan Soucek, Lynn B. Wilson III, Adam Szabo, Oksana Kruparova, Hamish A. S. Reid, Mychajlo Hajos, David Pisa, Ondrej Santolik, Milan Maksimovic, Jolene S. Pickett

“…By combining high-resolution radio observations with well-calibrated in situ electron velocity distribution function data from the Wind spacecraft, we characterized the plasma properties of the burst source region near 0.32 au. …”
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