Effects of generative artificial intelligence on cognitive effort and task performance: study protocol for a randomized controlled experiment among college students by Youjie Chen, Yingying Wang, Torsten Wüstenberg, Rene F. Kizilcec, Yiwen Fan, Yanfei Li, Bin Lu, Meng Yuan, Junlai Zhang, Ziyue Zhang, Pascal Geldsetzer, Simiao Chen, Till Bärnighausen

“…Methods This study is a randomized controlled lab experiment that compares the effects of using generative AI (intervention group) versus not using it (control group) on cognitive effort and writing performance in an analytical writing task designed as a hypothetical writing class assignment for college students. …”
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Large Language Model–Assisted Risk-of-Bias Assessment in Randomized Controlled Trials Using the Revised Risk-of-Bias Tool: Usability Study by Jiajie Huang, Honghao Lai, Weilong Zhao, Danni Xia, Chunyang Bai, Mingyao Sun, Jianing Liu, Jiayi Liu, Bei Pan, Jinhui Tian, Long Ge

“…From 86 eligible reviews of randomized controlled trials (covering 1399 RCTs), we randomly selected 46 RCTs (23 per category). …”
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Arm movement strategies did not influence emotional state and static postural control during height-induced postural threat in children and young adults by Anna M. Wissmann, Mathew W. Hill, Thomas Muehlbauer, Johanna Lambrich

“…BackgroundEmpirical evidence in adults suggests that height-induced postural threat led to an increased reliance on an ankle control strategy (i.e., postural “stiffening” response). …”
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Physical activity calorie equivalent (PACE) food labelling on discretionary foods in secondary school canteens in England: an efficacy cluster randomised controlled trial by Natalia Iris, Fehmidah Munir, Amanda J. Daley

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Does Dynamic Taping Affect Pain, Endurance, Disability, Mobility, and Kinesiophobia in Individuals with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain? A Randomized Controlled Trial by Kanagaraj Rengaramanujam

“…This finding suggests that DT controls the processes that lead to back muscle fatigue. …”
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Early formative objective structured clinical examinations for students in the pre-clinical years of medical education: A non-randomized controlled prospective pilot study. by Naïm Ouldali, Enora Le Roux, Albert Faye, Claire Leblanc, François Angoulvant, Diane Korb, Clémence Delcour, Caroline Caula, Delphine Wohrer, Alexis Rybak, Manon Delafoy, Claire Carrié, Marion Strullu, Mehdi Oualha, Romain Levy, Camille Mimoun, Lucie Griffon, Alexandre Nuzzo, Clara Eyraud, Michael Levy, Pierre Ellul

“…Students from the intervention group performed better in a summative OSCE that assessed the structuring of a medical history (median mark 16/20, IQR [15; 17] versus 14/20, [13; 16], respectively, p = 0.012). …”
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Personalised, GIS-based counselling to promote habitual walking in mobility-limited and chronically ill older adults: protocol of the MOBITEC-Routes randomised controlled trial by Timo Hinrichs, René Schilling, Alexandros Sofios, Denis Infanger, Luisa Prechtl, Nora Stauffer, Viviane Eichenberger, Eleftheria Giannouli, Taina Rantanen, Erja Portegijs, Corina Schuster-Amft, Anna Mai, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Christina Röcke, Robert Weibel

“…Behaviour change strategies are employed. The control group receives general information on determinants of health. …”
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Invasive urodynamic investigations in the management of women with refractory overactive bladder symptoms: FUTURE, a superiority RCT and economic evaluation by Mohamed Abdel-Fattah, Christopher Chapple, Suzanne Breeman, David Cooper, Helen Bell-Gorrod, Preksha Kuppanda, Karen Guerrero, Simon Dixon, Nikki Cotterill, Karen Ward, Hashim Hashim, Ash Monga, Karen Brown, Marcus Drake, Andrew Gammie, Alyaa Mostafa, Rebecca Bruce, Victoria Bell, Christine Kennedy, Suzanne Evans, Graeme MacLennan, John Norrie

“…Interventions Eligible and consenting participants were randomised to one of the following two treatment arms in a 1 : 1 allocation ratio using a remote web-based randomisation service: urodynamics plus CCA (urodynamics arm) CCA only (CCA only arm). The randomisation process used stratified random permuted blocks with (1) site and (2) diagnosis of OAB versus urgency-predominant MUI used as strata. …”
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Proactive clinical review of patients taking opioid medicines long term for persistent pain led by clinical pharmacists in primary care teams (PROMPPT): a non-randomised mixed meth... by Julie Ashworth, Nicola Cornwall, Sarah A. Harrisson, Charlotte Woodcock, Elaine Nicholls, Gillian Lancaster, Simon Wathall, Libby Laing, Toby Helliwell, Sue Jowett, Jesse Kigozi, Christian D. Mallen, Anthony Avery, Roger Knaggs, Tamar Pincus, Simon White, Clare Jinks, the PROMPPT team

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Characteristics of malaria vector populations and transmission before a randomised controlled trial assessing the efficacy of next-generation insecticide-treated nets in Côte d’Ivo... by Ludovic Phamien Ahoua Alou, Alphonsine Amanan Koffi, Edouard Dangbenon, Soromane Camara, Joseph Biggs, Marius Gonse Zoh, Serge Brice Assi, Colette Sih, Benoit Talbot, Manisha Ann Kulkarni, Louisa Alexandra Messenger, Natacha Protopopoff, Jackie Cook, Raphael N’Guessan

“…Of the sub-sample of An. gambiae s.l. processed by PCR, 79.0% (n = 1291/1635) were An. coluzzii and the remaining were Anopheles gambiae s.s. …”
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Favipiravir, lopinavir-ritonavir, or combination therapy (FLARE): A randomised, double-blind, 2 × 2 factorial placebo-controlled trial of early antiviral therapy in COVID-19. by David M Lowe, Li-An K Brown, Kashfia Chowdhury, Stephanie Davey, Philip Yee, Felicia Ikeji, Amalia Ndoutoumou, Divya Shah, Alexander Lennon, Abhulya Rai, Akosua A Agyeman, Anna Checkley, Nicola Longley, Hakim-Moulay Dehbi, Nick Freemantle, Judith Breuer, Judith Breuer, Joseph F Standing, FLARE Investigators

“…More participants had undetectable virus at Day 5 in the favipiravir+placebo arm compared to placebo only (46.3% versus 26.9%, odds ratio (OR): 2.47, 95% CI 1.08 to 5.65; p = 0.03). …”
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Mid- to long-term clinical outcomes of modified technique skip-level titanium plate fixation in cervical laminoplasty compared to continuous fixation by Shuo Feng, QiRui Zhu, Yang Sun, ZiYao Ding, Zhe Zhuang, Heng-Heng Yu, Ma-Ji Sun, Feng Yuan

“…Abstract Purpose To compare the efficacy and safety of skip titanium plates combined with adjacent spinous process suture suspension versus continuous titanium plate fixation in cervical laminoplasty. …”
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Supporting self-management of low back pain with an internet intervention in primary care: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial of clinical and cost-effectiveness (SupportB... by Beth Stuart, Paul Little, Lucy Yardley, Stephanie Hughes, Adam W A Geraghty, Elaine Hay, Gemma Mansell, Nadine E Foster, Jonathan Hill, Gareth Griffiths, Frances Webley, Lorraine Durcan, Alannah Morgan, Sarah Bathers, Stephanie Butler-Walley, Simon Wathall, Linda Leigh

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Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography to Optimize the Diagnostic Yield of Invasive Angiography for Low-Risk Patients Screened With Artificial Intelligence: Protocol for the Car... by Jeremy Petch, Juan Pablo Tabja Bortesi, Tej Sheth, Madhu Natarajan, Natalia Pinilla-Echeverri, Shuang Di, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Karen Mosleh, Omar Ibrahim, Kevin R Bainey, Julian Dobranowski, Maria P Becerra, Katie Sonier, Jon-David Schwalm

“…ConclusionsCarDIA-AI will be the first randomized controlled trial using AI to optimize patient selection for CCTA versus ICA, potentially improving diagnostic efficiency, avoiding unnecessary complications of ICA, and improving health care resource usage. …”
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Study protocol for testing the efficacy of the Helping Educational Leaders Mobilize Evidence (HELM) implementation strategy in elementary schools: a hybrid type 3 effectiveness-imp... by Jill Locke, Nathaniel J. Williams, Aksheya Sridhar, Mark G. Ehrhart, Alex Dopp, Marissa Thirion, Christine Espeland, Brandon Riddle, Kelcey Schmitz, Kurt Hatch, Lindsey Buehler, Aaron R. Lyon

“…The specific aims of the study are to: 1) experimentally evaluate the effects of HELM versus PBIS training and technical assistance only (control condition); and 2) explore for whom, under what conditions, how equitably, and through which processes HELM works to improve outcomes, as well as its cost-effectiveness. …”
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evoke and evoke+: design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomat... by Jeffrey L. Cummings, Alireza Atri, Howard H. Feldman, Oskar Hansson, Mary Sano, Filip K. Knop, Peter Johannsen, Teresa León, Philip Scheltens

“…Methods evoke and evoke+ are randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials investigating the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-daily oral semaglutide versus placebo in early-stage symptomatic AD. …”
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Evaluating the biological quality of mass-reared Anopheles arabiensis males irradiated as pupae or as adults by Samar Eisa, Nonhlanhla Lindiwe Ntoyi, Bénéwendé Aristide Kaboré, Davor Skaric, Chantel Janet de Beer, Wadaka Mamai, Odet Bueno, Thomas Wallner, Simran Singh Kolta, Hanano Yamada

“…Males irradiated at fully sterilizing doses were further subjected to quality control tests to compare the quality of males irradiated at adult versus pupae stages. …”
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Oral Supplementation with a New Hyaluronic Acid Matrix Ingredient Improves Skin Brightness, Hydration, Smoothness, and Roughness: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo... by Trinidad Montero-Vilchez, Patricia Gálvez-Martín, Raquel Sanabria-de la Torre, Carlos Cuenca-Barrales, Alejandro Molina-Leyva, Daniel Martinez-Puig, Javier Velasco-Alvarez, Salvador Arias-Santiago

“…Abstract Introduction The skin aging process is mainly associated with the appearance of fine wrinkles and flaccid, dry, and dull skin. …”
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Mechanisms of change of a multifaceted implementation strategy on fidelity to a guideline for the prevention of mental health problems at the workplace: a mechanism analysis within... by Andreas Rödlund, Anna Toropova, Rebecca Lengnick-Hall, Byron J. Powell, Liselotte Schäfer Elinder, Christina Björklund, Lydia Kwak

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Effects of aging and valence on emotional response inhibition: conclusions from a novel stop-signal task by Jill D. Waring, Stephanie N. Hartling

“…Aging is associated with decreasing cognitive control and inhibition alongside improvements in emotional control and regulation. …”
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