Parabrachial CGRP neurons modulate active defensive behavior under a naturalistic threat by Gyeong Hee Pyeon, Hyewon Cho, Byung Min Chung, June-Seek Choi, Yong Sang Jo

“…Optogenetic activation of CGRP neurons during robot chasing elevated flight responses in both conditioning and retention tests, presumably by amplifying the perception of the threat as more imminent and dangerous. In contrast, animals with inactivated CGRP neurons exhibited reduced flight responses, even when the robot was programmed to appear highly threatening during conditioning. …”
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LC-Protonets: Multi-Label Few-Shot Learning for World Music Audio Tagging by Charilaos Papaioannou, Emmanouil Benetos, Alexandros Potamianos

“…Fine-tuning improves the generalization ability of all methods, yet LC-Protonets achieve high-level performance even without fine-tuning, in contrast to the comparative approaches. We finally analyze the scalability of the proposed method, providing detailed quantitative metrics from our experiments. …”
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Soilscapes from Byers Peninsula, Maritime Antarctic: landform-lithology controls in soil formation by JÔNATAS PEDRO DA SILVA, MÁRCIO R. FRANCELINO, ANDRÉ LUIZ L. DE FARIA, HEITOR P. PALMA, ISABELLE DE A. OLIVEIRA, JOSÉ JOÃO L.L. DE SOUZA, CARLOS ERNESTO G.R. SCHAEFER

“…Stable soilscapes, such as upper cryoplanation platforms, raised beaches, volcanic plugs, and ornithogenically influenced areas, show greater soil development and weathering. In contrast, dynamic periglacial landforms like scree stony slopes and talus exhibit minimal soil development and instability. …”
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The impact of environmental fees to taxes on total factor productivity of manufacturing enterprises: empirical evidence from China by Jing Huang, Zhaoyang Zhao, Xinjing Yang, Yuhang Tian

“…Utilizing microdata from A-share listed companies between 2013 and 2022, it focuses on manufacturing enterprises-characterized by high inputs, consumption, and pollution-as the experimental group. In contrast, non-manufacturing enterprises in the cleaning industry serve as the control group. …”
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Computer-tomography features of hemodynamics in hepatocellular carcinoma foci depend on the stage of histological differentiation by U. N. Tumanova, N. I. Yashina, Ye. A. Dubova, G. G. Karmazanovsky, A. I. Schegolev

“…At a preoperative stage all patients underwent helical CT with bolus contrast enhancement (four phases study), with estimation of arterial and venous density gain ofthe lesion and CT-vascularization index. …”
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Receptor Model Source Apportionment of Nonmethane Hydrocarbons in Mexico City by V. Mugica, J. Watson, E. Vega, E. Reyes, M.E. Ruiz, J. Chow

“…The average motor vehicle exhaust contributions increased during the day. In contrast, LP gas contribution was higher during the morning than in the afternoon. …”
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Growth of oysters (Crassostrea Sp.) at different stocking densities in Alue Naga Ponds, Banda Aceh by Rusydi Ichsan, Abdullah Abbas Muhammadar, Riska Dhia, Amelia Karla

“…Treatment B with a density of 35 individuals per 1500 cm² achieved an absolute length of 39.07 mm, absolute weight growth of 32.91 grams, and a weekly length growth rate of 3.25 mm/week. In contrast, treatment C with a density of 40 individuals per 1500 cm² resulted in an absolute length of 31.35 mm, absolute weight growth of 31.53 grams, and a weekly length growth rate of 2.61 mm/week. …”
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SPECTRAL FILTRATION OF IMAGES BY MEANS OF DISPERSIVE SYSTEMS by I. M. Gulis, A. G. Kupreyeu

“…The considered designs of dispersive image monochromators look very promising due to the particular advantages over the systems based on tunable filters as regards the spectral resolution, fast tuning, and the spectral contrast. The monochromator based on a telescopic system has a simple design and a rather large image field but it also has a limited light throughput due to small aperture size. …”
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Disruption of erythroid nuclear opening and histone release in myelodysplastic syndromes by Baobing Zhao, Hui Liu, Yang Mei, Yijie Liu, Xu Han, Jing Yang, Amittha Wickrema, Peng Ji

“…Here, we use an in vitro human CD34‐positive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell culture system and reveal that nuclear openings and histone release are also identified during human terminal erythropoiesis. In contrast to mouse in which each erythroblast contains a single opening, multiple nuclear openings are present in human erythroblast, particularly during the late‐stage differentiation. …”
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Groping for Quantitative Digital 3-D Image Analysis: An Approach to Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Thick Tissue Sections of Prostate Carcinoma by Karsten Rodenacker, Michaela Aubele, Peter Hutzler, P. S. Umesh Adiga

“…However tumour material is in contrast to isolated or cultured cells even for visual inspection, a difficult material. …”
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Influence of Thermodynamic Effect on Blade Load in a Cavitating Inducer by Kengo Kikuta, Noriyuki Shimiya, Tomoyuki Hashimoto, Mitsuru Shimagaki, Hideaki Nanri, Yoshiki Yoshida

“…Because the cavitation growth is suppressed by the thermodynamic effect, the distribution of the blade load does not change even at lower cavitation number. By contrast, the pressure distribution in liquid nitrogen has the same tendency as that in water if the cavity length at the blade tip is taken as a cavitation indication. …”
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Serum Cytokines in Young Pediatric Patients with Congenital Cardiac Shunts and Altered Pulmonary Hemodynamics by Leína Zorzanelli, Nair Yukie Maeda, Mariana Meira Clavé, Vera Demarchi Aiello, Marlene Rabinovitch, Antonio Augusto Lopes

“…Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was found to be inversely related to pulmonary blood flow (r=-0.33, p=0.026) and was higher in group II (high pulmonary vascular resistance) compared to group I (high pulmonary blood flow) (p=0.017). In contrast, RANTES chemokine (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) was characteristically elevated in Group I (p=0.022). …”
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Surface plasmon resonance biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 sensing: The role of silicon nitride and graphene by Talia Tene, Diana Coello-Fiallos, Myrian Borja, Narcisa Sánchez, Fabián Londo, Cristian Vacacela Gomez, Stefano Bellucci

“…Sys₃, optimized with Ag at 55 nm, Si₃N₄ at 13 nm, and ssDNA at 10 nm, demonstrated exceptional sensitivity (371.7°/RIU), low limit of detection, and high detection accuracy, making it suitable for precision applications. In contrast, Sys₅, incorporating a graphene layer (0.34 nm) alongside Ag at 50 nm, Si₃N₄ at 10 nm, and ssDNA at 10 nm, exhibited superior robustness and a higher figure of merit (2287.2 RIU⁻1), offering consistent performance across a broader dynamic range. …”
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Angiotensin II and Renal Tubular Ion Transport by Patricia Valles, Jan Wysocki, Daniel Batlle

“…Interestingly, in this part of the nephron, the effects of aldosterone and angiotensin II are not sodium dependent, whereas in the cortical collecting duct, both aldosterone and angiotensin II, by contrast, affect H+ secretion by sodium-dependent mechanisms.…”
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Soil Characteristics and Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) Performance Two Decades after Disk Trenching of Unburned and Broadcast-Burned Plots in Subboreal British Col... by Jacob O. Boateng, Jean L. Heineman, Lorne Bedford, Amanda F. Linnell Nemec

“…Broadcast burning had virtually no effect on either the bulk density or chemical properties of soil. In contrast, significant reductions in soil bulk density and increases in soil nutrient availability persisted for 20 years in hinge position soils relative to undisturbed (control) soil between trenches. …”
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Rheological Characterization and Printability of Sodium Alginate–Gelatin Hydrogel for 3D Cultures and Bioprinting by Mohan Kumar Dey, Ram V. Devireddy

“…The printability assessment of the 7% alginate–8% gelatin hydrogel demonstrated that the 27T tapered needle achieved the highest normalized Printability Index (POI_normalized = 1), offering the narrowest strand width (0.56 ± 0.02 mm) and the highest printing accuracy (97.2%) at the lowest printing pressure (30 psi). In contrast, the 30R needle, with the smallest inner diameter (0.152 mm) and highest printing pressure (80 psi), resulted in the widest strand width (0.70 ± 0.01 mm) and the lowest accuracy (88.8%), resulting in a POI_normalized of 0.274. …”
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Comparison of Microbiota in Zirconia and Titanium Implants: A Qualitative Systematic Review by Majid Bonyadi Manesh, Neda Vatankhah, Fatemeh Bonyadi Manesh

“…Zirconia implants displayed a higher occurrence of Gram-negative bacteria, such as Tannerella, Aggregatibacter, and Porphyromonas. In contrast, titanium implants showed a greater prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria, including Streptococcus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Staphylococcus species. …”
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Spatial variations of shear-wave velocity anomaly derived from Love wave ambient noise seismic tomography along Lembang Fault (West Java, Indonesia) by Syaifuddin Firman, Zulfakriza, Nugraha Andri D., Daryono Mudrik R.

“…The model accurately characterizes the high velocity contrast and low shear wave velocity anomalies associated with the Lembang Fault Zone. …”
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Evaluating Sampling Uncertainty in the Quantitative 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Lignin by Shrikant Shivaji Pawade, Lauri Toom, Koit Herodes, Ivo Leito

“…The relative standard deviation (RSD) of sample-to-sample variability was 2.4%. In contrast, the other sources of variability related to qNMR, including measurement, baseline irregularities, and partial peak overlap, caused an RSD of 4.4%. …”
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Exploring the typhoon intensity forecasting through integrating AI weather forecasting with regional numerical weather model by Hongxiong Xu, Yang Zhao, Zhao Dajun, Yihong Duan, Xiangde Xu

“…The results highlight limitations in Pangu-Weather’s capability to accurately forecast typhoon intensity. In contrast, the AI-Driven WRF model demonstrated notable advancements over Pangu-Weather, achieving more reliable and accurate predictions of typhoon intensity. …”
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