Space-air-ground integrated networks:review and prospect by Xuemin(Sherman) SHEN, Nan CHENG, Haibo ZHOU, Feng LYU, Wei QUAN, Weisen SHI, Huaqing WU, Conghao ZHOU

“…With the advance of the information technologies,the scale of the information services gradually expands,from ground services,to aerial,maritime,and spatial services,with the soaring requirements on multi-dimensional comprehensive information resources.The space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) are envisioned to provide seamless network services to spatial,aerial,maritime,and ground users,satisfying the future network requirements on all-time,all-domain,and all-space communications and interconnected networking.Firstly,we reviewed the current research development of SAGINs,discussing the research trends on the low-earth orbiting (LEO) satellite constellation and space-ground network integration.Then,the reinforcement learning (RL) framework was proposed in SAGINs to address the problems of complex architecture,high dynamics,and resource constraints in SAGINs,which facilitated efficient and fast network design,analysis,optimization,and management.As a case study,the method of applying deep RL (DRL) was showed for the intelligent access network selection in SAGINs.To improve the RL training efficiency,a comprehensive SAGINs simulation platform was established,through which the agent-environments interaction was accelerated and training samples could be obtained more cost-effectively.Finally,some open research directions were presented.…”
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A visual SLAM loop closure detection method based on lightweight siamese capsule network by Yuhan Zhou, Mingli Sun

“…During the robot’s movement, the cumulative error of the robot is reduced by the loop closure detection method, which can provide constraints for the back-end pose optimization, and the SLAM system can build an accurate map. …”
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Physics-Informed Neural Network-Based Input Shaping for Vibration Suppression of Flexible Single-Link Robots by Tingfeng Li, Tengfei Xiao

“…This paper presents a novel physics-informed neural network (PINN)-based input-shaping method for the vibration suppression problem. Through a two-phase training process of a neural network based on a loss function that follows both the physical model constraints and the vibration modal conditions, we identify optimal input-shaping parameters to minimize residual vibration. …”
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Lateral Controller for Autonomous Vehicle Path Tracking Based on MPC-SMC Dual Model System by Qingguo Sun, Kai Zhu

“…Furthermore, the parameters of the SMC are optimized via a differential evolution (DE) and the constraints on the tire slip angle are added to the traditional MPC to facilitate the stability under moving condition. …”
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Research on pose estimation algorithm of non-cooperative target tracked vehicles based on PnP model by Zhigang Ren, Xinagjun Tang, Guoquan Ren, Dinghai Wu

“…To address the pose estimation problem of non-cooperative tracked vehicles, this study proposes a non-iterative Perspective-n-Point (PnP) method. …”
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A statistical interpretation of a market demand curve for a commodity obeying the law of demand by Somdeb Lahiri

“…A consequence of our approach is that in the context of two goods, we are able to obtain demand functions which are very similar to those obtained by “budget-constrained Cobb–Douglas utility maximization”, but now as a result of a “budget-constrained linear utility maximization” exercise, although our budget constraint is “slightly different” from the one that would be used for the former optimization problem. …”
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Beamforming for the Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Transmission with Full-Duplex Relaying with Application to Security Attack by Duckdong Hwang, Sung Sik Nam, Janghoon Yang, Hyoung-Kyu Song

“…The first proposed sub-optimal optimization algorithm for the beamformer relies on the quadratically constrained quadratic problem (QCQP) in its central part, and this OCQP is iteratively applied with different interference level values at the near CNOMA user as the constraint term until some conditions for the design objectives are met. …”
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A multi-objective robust possibilistic programming approach to designing sustainable and reliable closed-loop supply chain network (case study: aluminum industry) by Sajad Amirian, Maghsoud Amiri, Mohammad Taghi Taghavifard

“…Purpose: In this research, a multi-product and multi-period closed-loop supply chain design problem with three objectives of profitability, social responsibility, and reliability under uncertain conditions has been considered.Methodology: Triangular fuzzy numbers have been used for non-deterministic parameters, and a robust probabilistic programming approach with the Me scale has been used to deal with fuzzy constraints. …”
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Autonomous Mission Planning for Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Multiscenario Reconnaissance by Bei Chen, Jiaxin Yan, Zebo Zhou, Rui Lai, Jiejian Lin

“…By meticulously analyzing payload constraints, we further optimized the path planning results, ensuring that each instruction meets the payload performance requirements. …”
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A P2P Electricity-Carbon Trading Mechanism for Distributed Prosumers Based on Carbon Emission Flow Model by ZHAN Bochun, FENG Changsen, WANG Xiaohui, ZHANG Heng, MA Junwei, WEN Fushuan

“…Based on the improved Benders decomposition method, the original problem is decomposed into the main problem considering network constraints and the subproblem of optimal scheduling for prosumers. …”
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A Capacitated Vehicle Routing Model for Distribution and Repair with a Service Center by Irma-Delia Rojas-Cuevas, Elias Olivares-Benitez, Alfredo S. Ramos, Samuel Nucamendi-Guillén

“…<i>Methods:</i> This research proposes a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Service Center (CVRPwSC) model to determine optimal routes involving customers, the depot, and the service center. …”
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UAV spatiotemporal crowdsourcing resource allocation based on deep reinforcement learning by Yaxi LIU, Xulong LI, Jiahao HUO, Wei HUANGFU

“…Traditional approaches to this problem have focused on optimizing the Age of Information (AoI) to ensure timely and equitable data updates. …”
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A Hybrid RBF-PSO Framework for Real-Time Temperature Field Prediction and Hydration Heat Parameter Inversion in Mass Concrete Structures by Shi Zheng, Lifen Lin, Wufeng Mao, Yanhong Wang, Jinsong Liu, Yili Yuan

“…These findings guided a phased optimization strategy, as follows: prioritizing high-precision calibration of dominant parameters while relaxing constraints on low-sensitivity variables, thereby balancing accuracy and computational efficiency. …”
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Enhancing geometric modeling in convolutional neural networks: limit deformable convolution by Wei Wang, Yuanze Meng, Han Li, Guiyong Chang, Shun Li, Chenghong Zhang

“…DCNv2 introduces a modulation mechanism to control the diffusion of the sampling points to control the degree of contribution of offsets through weights, but we find that such problems still exist in practical use. Therefore, we propose a new limit deformable convolution to address this problem, which enhances the model ability by adding adaptive limiting units to constrain the offsets and adjusts the weight constraints on the offsets to enhance the image-focusing ability. …”
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State-Space Analysis and Complexity Assessment of Puzzle Games Using Colored Petri Nets by Ahmad Taghinezhad-Nia, Saeid Pashazadeh

“…Nevertheless, the application of CPN to complex systems is often constrained by the state-space explosion problem, which presents a significant challenge in contemporary research. …”
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Design and Finite Element Analysis of New Superconducting Maglev Bogie by Wu CHEN, Bin DENG, Zigang DENG, Wenbiao HUO, Zhihui YIN

“…Aiming at inconsistent problem with the actual working condition when the boundary condition of the suspended surface was set to the whole constraint in the finite element analysis of the maglev train bogie, a new method with the boundary constraint of elastic support and on the purpose of lightweight train was brought out. …”
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An Activity Network Design and Charging Facility Planning Model Considering the Influence of Uncertain Activities in a Game Framework by Zechao Ma, Xiaoming Liu, Weiqiang Wang, Shangjiang Yang, Yuqi Yang, Yingjie Zhao, Hanqing Xia, Yuanrong Wang

“…For this mixed-integer nonlinear multi-objective multi-constraint optimization problem, the model is solved by the NSGA-II algorithm, and the optimal compromise scheme is determined by using the EWM-TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation method for the Pareto solution set. …”
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Financial service composition with various privacy levels in multiple cloud environment by Xianmei Hua, Xinrong Zhan, Feng Li, Junwen Lu

“…Simulations show that our proposed method can dynamically adapt to varying privacy constraints and achieve an optimal balance between other targets and privacy requirements.…”
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A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method with a Low Intercept Probability in a Netted Synthetic Aperture Radar by Longhao Xie, Ziyang Cheng, Ming Li, Huiyong Li

“…A DRL-based solver is provided for LPI radar, which handles problems that are difficult to optimize using traditional methods. …”
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Robust model predictive control for polytopic uncertain systems via a high-rate network with the FlexRay protocol by Jianhua Wang, Fuqiang Fan, Yanye Yu, Shuxin Du, Xiaorui Guo

“…Subsequently, taking both high-rate networks and FRP into account, sufficient conditions are obtained by solving a time-varying terminal constraint set of an auxiliary optimization problem. …”
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