Using a large language model (ChatGPT) to assess risk of bias in randomized controlled trials of medical interventions: protocol for a pilot study of interrater agreement with huma... by Christopher James Rose, Julia Bidonde, Martin Ringsten, Julie Glanville, Rigmor C. Berg, Chris Cooper, Ashley Elizabeth Muller, Hans Bugge Bergsund, Jose F. Meneses-Echavez, Thomas Potrebny

“…RoB assessment is subject to human error and is time-consuming. Machine learning-based tools have been developed to automate RoB assessment using simple models trained on limited corpuses. …”
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Demographic Characteristics of Patients Applying for Legal Pregnancy Evacuation and the Incidence of Depression in Post-Discharge Patients-Prospective Cross-Sectional Study by İsa Kaplan, Burcu Bıçakçı, Hasan Yüksel, Ali Yıldızbakan

“…Reasons for termination of pregnancy: 5 patients for not married, 5 patients because the child’s father is unknown, 1 patient due to an extra-marital affair, 4 patients because they have fear of raising and caring for children, 4 patients due to family planning error, 3 patients because they have more than two children, 4 patients because they think they are too old to be mothers, 5 patients due to financial difficulties, 1 patient did not want to be a parent in any way, and 3 patients because they thought it was too early to have children. …”
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Can machine-learning algorithms improve upon classical palaeoenvironmental reconstruction models? by P. Sun, P. B. Holden, H. J. B. Birks, H. J. B. Birks

“…In general, the MEMLM approaches, even when trained on only dimensionally reduced assemblage data, performed substantially better than the WA approaches in the larger training sets, as judged by cross-validatory prediction error. When applied to fossil data, MEMLM variants sometimes generated qualitatively different palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from each other and from reconstructions based on WA approaches. …”
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CALCULATION OF INTERMICROBIAL INTERACTIONS OF ORAL BIOTOPE by A.V. Zaitsev, N.V. Kotelevskaya, O.M. Boychenko, A.K. Nikolishin

“…For fungi of the genus Candida, the error at CPV ≤ 6 is due to the fact that at CPV = 0 they are absent in the biocenosis. …”
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Efficacy of Asymmetric Myopic Peripheral Defocus Lenses in Spanish Children: 24-Month Randomized Clinical Trial Results by Clara Martinez-Perez, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Tena, Jose Miguel Cleva, Cesar Villa-Collar, Marta Álvarez, Eva Chamorro, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina

“…Baseline characteristics, including age, refractive error, and AL, were comparable between groups. Dropout rates were 15.9%, with 14 participants lost to follow-up, distributed equally between the two groups. …”
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Low-cost male urogenital simulator for penile implant surgery training: a 3D printing approach by Zixi Wang, Carlo Saija, Nicholas Raison, Abdullatif Aydin, Zhouyang Xu, Katie Zuo, Kawal Rhode, Antonia Pontiki

“…The session began with a demonstration of penile implant surgery and error detection. Trainees, averaging three per simulator, practiced corporotomy, dilation, measurement, penile prosthesis, and scrotal pump placement under expert guidance. …”
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AI-based automatic estimation of single-kidney glomerular filtration rate and split renal function using non-contrast CT by Yiwei Wang, Feng Xu, Qiuyue Han, Daoying Geng, Xin Gao, Bin Xu, Wei Xia

“…The Pearson correlation coefficient (r), mean absolute error (MAE), and Lin’s concordance coefficient (CCC) were calculated to evaluate the correlations, differences, and agreements between estimations and SPECT-based measurements, respectively. …”
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Academic motivation in association with mental health and quality of life among medical and health science students: a survey in Vietnam by Ngoc Le Mai Duong, Viet Ha Nguyen, Minh Tri Ngo, Dai Minh Le, Tien Dat Nguyen, Thi Thu Trang Nguyen, Huu Tu Nguyen, Bao Giang Kim, Thanh Tung Pham

“…The relationships between academic motivation and anxiety (screened by GAD-7), depression (screened by PHQ-9), and quality of life (assessed by SF-12) were analyzed using modified Poisson regression with robust error variances and linear regression models. Results Among 1723 participants (85.1% response rate), 57.1% were female, 58.4% were first-year, and 75.7% were in doctor programs. …”
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Reliability of Average Daily Steps Measured Through a Consumer Smartwatch in Parkinson Disease Phenotypes, Stages, and Severities: Cross-Sectional Study by Edoardo Bianchini, Domiziana Rinaldi, Lanfranco De Carolis, Silvia Galli, Marika Alborghetti, Clint Hansen, Antonio Suppa, Marco Salvetti, Francesco Ernesto Pontieri, Nicolas Vuillerme

“…Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC; 3,k), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were used to evaluate the reliability of avDS for each subgroup. …”
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Risk Factor Analysis and Prediction Model Construction and Validation of Depression During Pregnancy by Huiling Qu, Yanna Zhou, Yi Yu

“…A nomogram model was developed based on the multifactor analysis, showing a mean absolute error of 0.011 in the calibration curve, indicating good predictive accuracy. …”
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Evaluating and Enhancing Japanese Large Language Models for Genetic Counseling Support: Comparative Study of Domain Adaptation and the Development of an Expert-Evaluated Dataset by Takuya Fukushima, Masae Manabe, Shuntaro Yada, Shoko Wakamiya, Akiko Yoshida, Yusaku Urakawa, Akiko Maeda, Shigeyuki Kan, Masayo Takahashi, Eiji Aramaki

“…This evaluation process facilitated the creation an expert-evaluated dataset of responses generated by LLMs adapted with different combinations of these methods. Error analysis identified key ethical concerns, including inappropriate promotion of prenatal testing, criticism of relatives, and inaccurate probability statements. …”
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Remote sensing reveals the role of forage quality and quantity for summer habitat use in red deer by Thomas Rempfler, Christian Rossi, Jan Schweizer, Wibke Peters, Claudio Signer, Flurin Filli, Hannes Jenny, Klaus Hackländer, Sven Buchmann, Pia Anderwald

“…Results The combination of vegetation indices and optical traits greatly improved predictive power in both the biomass (R2 = 0.60, Root mean square error (RMSE) = 88.55 g/m2) and relative nitrogen models (R2 = 0.34, RMSE = 0.28%). …”
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Genetic and environmental contributions to epigenetic aging across adolescence and young adulthood by Dmitry V. Kuznetsov, Yixuan Liu, Alicia M. Schowe, Darina Czamara, Jana Instinske, Charlotte K. L. Pahnke, Markus M. Nöthen, Frank M. Spinath, Elisabeth B. Binder, Martin Diewald, Andreas J. Forstner, Christian Kandler, Bastian Mönkediek

“…Results Half to two-thirds (50–68%) of the differences in epigenetic aging were due to unique environmental factors, indicating the role of life experiences and epigenetic drift, besides measurement error. The remaining variance was explained by genetic (Horvath Acceleration: 24%; GrimAge Acceleration: 32%; DunedinPACE: 47%) and shared environmental factors (Horvath Acceleration: 26%; PedBE Acceleration: 47%). …”
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Midlife cognitive testing in Africa: validity of the Harmonised Cognitive Assessment Protocol in the Kenya Life Panel Survey by Jinkook Lee, Anthony Ngugi, Joshua R Ehrlich, William H Dow, Alden L Gross, Madeline Duhon, Eric Ochieng, Jean N Ikanga, Michael W Walker, Michelle Layvant, Edward A Miguel

“…The HCAP assessment was administered in 2023 at an average age of 37 years (10–90 range 34 to 41).Primary and secondary outcome measures For each individual, the CFA generates a general cognitive performance score, and cognitive performance scores for five distinct domains, including memory, executive functioning, language, orientation to time and place, and visuospatial functioning.Results Fit of the models to the data was adequate for general cognitive performance (root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.03; comparative fit index (CFI)=0.94; standardised root mean residual (SRMR)=0.05), language (RMSEA=0.02; CFI=0.95; SRMR=0.05) and good for memory (RMSEA=0.05; CFI=0.99; SRMR=0.02) and executive functioning (RMSEA=0.03; CFI=0.98; SRMR=0.03). …”
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The Hausa 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12): Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation in mixed urban and rural Nigerian populations with chronic low back pain.... by Aminu Alhassan Ibrahim, Mukadas Oyeniran Akindele, Sokunbi Oluwaleke Ganiyu, Bashir Kaka, Bashir Bello Abdullahi, Surajo Kamilu Sulaiman, Francis Fatoye

“…<h4>Results</h4>After the CFA of the original conceptual SF-12 model, 2 redundant items were removed and 4 error terms were allowed to covary, thus providing adequate fit to the sample. …”
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Enzyme replacement therapy for Anderson-Fabry disease: A complementary overview of a Cochrane publication through a linear regression and a pooled analysis of proportions from coho... by Regina El Dib, Huda Gomaa, Alberto Ortiz, Juan Politei, Anil Kapoor, Fellype Barreto

“…<h4>Background</h4>Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) is an X-linked recessive inborn error of glycosphingolipid metabolism caused by a deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A. …”
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Autonomous International Classification of Diseases Coding Using Pretrained Language Models and Advanced Prompt Learning Techniques: Evaluation of an Automated Analysis System Usin... by Yan Zhuang, Junyan Zhang, Xiuxing Li, Chao Liu, Yue Yu, Wei Dong, Kunlun He

“…Existing approaches, such as naive Bayes, Word2Vec, and convolutional neural networks, have limitations in handling missing values and understanding the context of medical texts, leading to a high error rate. We developed a fully automated pipeline based on the Key–bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) approach and large-scale medical records for continued pretraining, which effectively converts long free text into standard ICD codes. …”
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Intention to Use a Mental Health App for Menopause: Health Belief Model Approach by Nayra A Martin-Key, Erin L Funnell, Jiri Benacek, Benedetta Spadaro, Sabine Bahn

“…In terms of the intention to use a mental health app, the Satorra-Bentler–scaled fit statistics indicated a good fit for the model (χ2278=790.44, P<.001; comparative fit index=0.933, root mean square error of approximation=0.047, standardized root mean square residual=0.056), with cues to action emerging as the most significant predictor of intention (β=.48, P<.001). …”
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Development and psychometric evaluation of the Japanese version of the Nurse Professional Competence Scale Short-Form by Sachiko Tanabe, Mika Tanaka, Yoko Arai, Kanae Matsuo, Sigrid Nakrem, Ann Gardulf

“…Confirmatory factor analysis showed the CMIN/df value was 2.46, and the root mean square error of approximation value was 0.07. Concurrent validity analysis showed significant moderate correlations (r = 0.45 and 0.49, p < 0.001). …”
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Soil analysis in discussions of agricultural feasibility for ancient civilizations: A critical review and reanalysis of the data and debate from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. by Jon-Paul P McCool, Samantha G Fladd, Vernon L Scarborough, Stephen Plog, Nicholas P Dunning, Lewis A Owen, Adam S Watson, Katelyn J Bishop, Brooke E Crowley, Elizabeth A Haussner, Kenneth B Tankersley, David Lentz, Christopher Carr, Jessica L Thress

“…A careful reassessment of existing salinity data as measured by electrical conductivity reveals critical errors in data conversion and presentation that have misrepresented the character of the area's soil and its potential impact on crops. …”
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