The Abundance of Microplastics in the World’s Oceans: A Systematic Review by Judith Mutuku, Maria Yanotti, Mark Tocock, Darla Hatton MacDonald

“…Despite the complexity of these methodologies, researchers have tried to explore microplastic abundance in ocean surface waters. …”
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A hybrid approach of vision transformers and CNNs for detection of ulcerative colitis by Syed Abdullah Shah, Imran Taj, Syed Muhammad Usman, Syed Nehal Hassan Shah, Ali Shariq Imran, Shehzad Khalid

“…The difficulties in identification are due to high patients to healthcare professionals ratio. Researchers have proposed variety of machine/deep learning methods for automated detection of ulcerative colitis, however, several challenges exists including class imbalance problem, comprehensive feature extraction and accurate classification. …”
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THE DETERMINANTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT REVISITED – EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON OECD by Daria STAVILA, Viorela Ligia VAIDEAN

“…Unemployment is a serious economic problem that has repercussions for people, families, and entire civilizations. …”
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Development of a clinical decision support tool for Primary care Management of lower Urinary tract Symptoms in men: the PriMUS study by Adrian Edwards, Ridhi Agarwal, Janine Bates, Alison Bray, Sarah Milosevic, Emma Thomas-Jones, Michael Drinnan, Marcus Drake, Peter Michell, Bethan Pell, Haroon Ahmed, Natalie Joseph-Williams, Kerenza Hood, Yemisi Takwoingi, Chris Harding

“…General practitioners currently have no easily available assessment tools to diagnose lower urinary tract symptom causes. …”
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Pramipexole in addition to mood stabilisers for treatment-resistant bipolar depression: the PAX-BD randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial by Hamish McAllister-Williams, Nicola Goudie, Lumbini Azim, Victoria Bartle, Michael Berger, Chrissie Butcher, Thomas Chadwick, Emily Clare, Paul Courtney, Lyndsey Dixon, Nichola Duffelen, Tony Fouweather, William Gann, John Geddes, Sumeet Gupta, Beth Hall, Timea Helter, Paul Hindmarch, Eva-Maria Holstein, Ward Lawrence, Phil Mawson, Iain McKinnon, Adam Milne, Aisling Molloy, Abigail Moore, Richard Morriss, Anisha Nakulan, Judit Simon, Daniel Smith, Bryony Stokes-Crossley, Paul Stokes, Andrew Swain, Zoë Walmsley, Christopher Weetman, Allan H Young, Stuart Watson

“…Plain language summary Patients with bipolar disorder have symptoms (depression or elevated mood) around 50% of the time and mostly these are depressive. …”
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NSGT: A Plasma Position Prediction Method for the HL-2A Tokamak Device Based on Transformer by Ling Zhou, Bin Yang, Xiangcheng Lin, Kaihao Zhu, Ziran Lan, Xiangwen Li

“…However, plasma position prediction is of extremely high complexity, and these methods have difficulty in achieving further improvement on this issue. …”
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GUBIC: The global urban biological invasions compendium for plants by Daijiang Li, Luke J. Potgieter, Myla F. J. Aronson, Irena Axmanová, Benjamin Baiser, Marta Carboni, Laura Celesti‐Grapow, Sonja Knapp, Ingolf Kühn, Ana Carolina Lacerda de Matos, Zdeňka Lososová, Flavia A. Montaño‐Centellas, Petr Pyšek, David M. Richardson, Lauren B. Trotta, Rafael D. Zenni, Sarel S. Cilliers, Bruce D. Clarkson, Amy J. S. Davis, Rebecca W. Dolan, Marcin K. Dyderski, Franz Essl, Orou G. Gaoue, Joanne Gui, Charly Géron, Gustavo Heringer, Cang Hui, Anzar A. Khuroo, Stefan Klotz, Peter M. Kotanen, Holger Kreft, Frank A. La Sorte, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Bernd Lenzner, Christopher A. Lepczyk, Scott MacIvor, Cristina Martínez‐Garza, Akira S. Mori, Charles Nilon, Jan Pergl, Stefan J. Siebert, Alyona S. Tretyakova, Toby P. N. Tsang, Kei Uchida, Mark vanKleunen, Montserrat Vilà, Hua‐Feng Wang, Patrick Weigelt, Peter Werner, Nicholas S. G. Williams, Marten Winter, Marc W. Cadotte

“…Although interest in biological invasions in urban areas is growing rapidly, and the extent and complexity of problems associated with invasions in these systems have increased, data on the composition and numbers of non‐native plants in urbanized areas remain scattered and idiosyncratic. …”
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Deep Reinforcement Learning for Selection of Dispatch Rules for Scheduling of Production Systems by Kosmas Alexopoulos, Panagiotis Mavrothalassitis, Emmanouil Bakopoulos, Nikolaos Nikolakis, Dimitris Mourtzis

“…It is difficult to derive an optimal schedule due to the problem complexity. Computationally expensive and time-consuming solutions have created major issues for companies trying to respect their customers’ demands. …”
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A large language model for advanced power dispatch by Yuheng Cheng, Huan Zhao, Xiyuan Zhou, Junhua Zhao, Yuji Cao, Chao Yang, Xinlei Cai

“…However, traditional methods falter as power systems grow in scale and complexity, struggling with multitasking, swift problem-solving, and human-machine collaboration. …”
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WARFARIN AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE ERA OF NEW ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS. ISSUES OF MONITORING THE EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF TREATMENT by S. Yu. Martsevich, Y. V. Lukina

“…Advantages of warfarin in comparison with NOAC are the presence of known  antidote and standardized indicator of the efficacy and safety of the anticoagulation therapy – International Normalized Ratio (INR), as well as low price of the drug. The leading problem in the treatment of warfarin is the complexity and, at the same time, a strong  need to maintain INR within the therapeutic "window" of at least 60% of the treatment time. …”
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Geographical Peer Matching for P2P Energy Sharing by Romaric Duvignau, Vincenzo Gulisano, Marina Papatriantafilou, Ralf Klasing

“…However, many practical challenges have to be overcome before all players could gain in having efficient and automated local energy communities; such challenges include the inherent complexity of matching together geographically distributed peers and the significant computations required to calculate the local efficient matching options. …”
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Description of route dependencies for computer-based railway signalling systems by Michał Grzybowski, Jakub Młyńczak, Lucyna Sokołowska

“…This results in increased complexity of track layout and increased area of a single interlocking. …”
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Lowermost Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Miospore Assemblages from the July Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt: Biostratigraphic and Palaeoenvironmental Implications by Ahmed Maher, Jiří Bek

“…Palynology is considered the most effective tool for dealing with this problem. Miospore assemblages from the Lowermost Carboniferous (Tournaisian) have been discovered from the J62-86 and the J62-64 AST1 wells located in the July Field of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. …”
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An efficient video slice encryption scheme and its application by Qinyou Huang, Luping Wang, Jie Chen

“…Secondly, to validate the security of the scheme, we reduce its security to an NP problem and calculate the decryption time complexity, thereby demonstrating its security. …”
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Chronic non-cancer pain management in primary care by Tasleem Ras

“…A case study is introduced to raise awareness of some of the complexities of dealing with the problem. A series of key questions are raised that address the various levels of complexity. …”
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Gender-specific physical activity-related injuries and risk factors among university students in China: a multicentre population-based cross-sectional study by Liping Li, Yang Gao, Weicong Cai, Shangmin Chen, Pengying Yue, Xiaofan Yu, Lijie Gao, Wenda Yang, Cunxian Jia

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Reservoir Dam Failure-Oriented Flood Simulation Based on a Zero-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Coupled Breach Flow Calculation Model by LIAN Zhiwei, CHENG Qing, SONG Lixiang, ZHA Dawei, ZHANG Xue, ZHAO Yujie

“…The coupling between the 0D and 2D models was achieved through the formulation and solution of a Riemann problem. To represent arbitrary breach geometries, the model modified the elevations of 2D grid nodes at the dam site, enabling accurate simulation of complex flow regimes at the breach boundary and effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional empirical formula methods. …”
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A Greedy Algorithm on Constructing the Minimum Connected Dominating Set in Wireless Network by Deqian Fu, Lihua Han, Zifen Yang, Seong Tae Jhang

“…In the past 20 years, the connected dominating set (CDS) as a virtual backbone network has been widely used in the wireless networks. Many researchers have been devoted to designing approximate algorithms for CDS problem since constructing the minimum CDS (MCDS) is NP-hard problem. …”
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Full-diversity design criterion for multi-user STBC based on integer-forcing detection by Guoquan LI, Xiangyun ZHOU, Jinzhao LIN, Yongjun XU, Yu PANG, Jiacheng WANG

“…Multi-user space time block code systems have the problem of high decoding complexity.To ensure good system performance with low decoding complexity at the same time,low complexity integer-forcing (IF) detection algorithm was applied to multi-user space time block code.Then the upper bound of error probability for IF detection was derived by minimizing the equivalent noise power.To obtain good multi-user space time block code when decoded with IF detection,a full-diversity design criterion was proposed.It was proved that full diversity could be achieved if every user’s space time block code had property of non-vanishing singular value.Simulation result shows that the code gain is found related to the minimum singular value.…”
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Full-diversity design criterion for multi-user STBC based on integer-forcing detection by Guoquan LI, Xiangyun ZHOU, Jinzhao LIN, Yongjun XU, Yu PANG, Jiacheng WANG

“…Multi-user space time block code systems have the problem of high decoding complexity.To ensure good system performance with low decoding complexity at the same time,low complexity integer-forcing (IF) detection algorithm was applied to multi-user space time block code.Then the upper bound of error probability for IF detection was derived by minimizing the equivalent noise power.To obtain good multi-user space time block code when decoded with IF detection,a full-diversity design criterion was proposed.It was proved that full diversity could be achieved if every user’s space time block code had property of non-vanishing singular value.Simulation result shows that the code gain is found related to the minimum singular value.…”
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