Naturally Occurring Hepatitis B Virus B-Cell and T-Cell Epitope Mutants in Hepatitis B Vaccinated Children by Yu-Min Lin, Guey-Mei Jow, Shu-Chi Mu, Bing-Fang Chen

“…The aim of this study was to investigate the role of B-cell and T-cell epitope variations of HBsAg and polymerase in HBV infection in vaccinated children. One hundred sixty-three sera from vaccinated children were enrolled randomly. …”
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Associations of dietary choline intake and kidney function with hyperuricemia in Chinese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional studyResearch in context by Chengping Li, Jing Li, Zhiquan Diao, Lianhong Chen, Siwen Yu, Lianlong Yu, Qianrang Zhu, Xiaomei Dong, Yiya Liu, Tao Liu, Dan Liu

“…Based on recommendation in Clinical Paediatric Nephrology (3rd ed), HUA is defined based on fasting serum uric acid levels, with cutoffs varying by age and sex. …”
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Disrupting effects of neonicotinoids and their interaction with metals on thyroid hormone, an evidence of children in a rural area, South China by Ling-Chuan Guo, Pan Zhu, Chunyan Gui, Jing Deng, Yanhong Gao, Chaoyang Long, Han Zhang, Zhanlu Lv, Shengbing Yu

“…To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study on children of a rural area in South China (n = 88), and analyzed urinary ten neonicotinoids (including metabolites), serum TH, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. …”
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Management of Vitamin D Deficiency Among the Under-Five Children Residing in Coastal Areas of Karnataka: A Study Protocol by Mamatha Shivananda Pai, Reshma R Kotian, Suneel C Mundkur, Shobha U Kamath, Anjeline D'Souza, Bhavana B Bhat, Sangeetha M Acharya

“…The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of sun exposure and Vitamin D supplement and Vitamin D supplements alone on serum vitamin D levels among the under-fives. Methods: This protocol is a randomized controlled study planned to be carried out among the under-five children with vitamin D deficiency. …”
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Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection by Jianping Wu, David Cui, Xianzhi Yang, Jianzhou Lou, Jie Lin, Xianfei Ye, Zhimei Qin, Li Huang, Dejian Zhao, Zhaoxia Huo, Guoliang Xie, Shufa Zheng, Fei Yu, Liwei Lu, Yu Chen

“…Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. The role of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in EV71-infected children remains unclear in regulating humoral immunity. …”
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Clinical, immune and genetic risk factors of malaria-associated acute kidney injury in Zambian children: A study protocol. by Chisambo Mwaba, Sody Munsaka, David Mwakazanga, David Rutagwerae, Owen Ngalamika, Suzanna Mwanza, Mignon McCulloch, Evans Mpabalwani

“…<h4>Background</h4>Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects nearly half of children with severe malaria and increases the risk of adverse outcomes such as death and poor cognitive function. …”
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Patterns and Determinants of Change in Cortisol Levels and Thyroid Function as a Function of Cardiac Risk in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery by Khouloud Abdulrahman Al-Sofyani, Mohammed Shahab Uddin, Ebtehal Ahmed Qulisy, Osman Osama Al-Radi

“…Background. Children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are exposed to the risk of hormonal imbalances resulting from acute stress, which may eventually result in high postoperative mortality and morbidity. …”
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Expression of LINC00847 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Children with Asthma and Its Prediction between Asthma Exacerbation and Remission by Jiaying Hu, Zhike Wang, Suzhen Han, Kai Chen

“…The expression levels of LINC00847 were quantified in PBMCs collected from 54 children with asthma exacerbation, 54 children with asthma remission, and 54 healthy children by real-time qPCR. …”
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Interaction effect between vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus in the second trimester by MA Ziwen, DING Xiaoying, CHU Liming, ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Aifeng, ZHU Yanjun, WANG Xun, XIE Zhenyu

“…ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and gestational diabetes mellitus in the second trimester (GDM), to analyze the interaction effect of key risk factors, so as to provide a basis for clinical personalized vitamin D supplementation.MethodsA total of 266 pregnant women who registered and took regular obstetric check-ups in Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Care Hospital for Women and Children from June to December 2022, were selected as the research subjects. …”
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Effect of rhGH treatment on lipidome and brown fat activity in prepuberal small for gestational age children: a pilot study by Lorena González, Carolina Gonzalez-Riano, Pablo Fernández-García, Rubén Cereijo, Aina Valls, Andrea Soria-Gondek, Nativitat Real, Belén Requena, Joan Bel-Comos, Patricia Corrales, David Jiménez-Pavón, Coral Barbas, Francesc Villarroya, David Sánchez-Infantes, Marta Murillo

“…While its effects on white adipose tissue are well-documented, this pilot study aimed to investigate its impact on the lipidome and the thermogenic and endocrine activities of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in SGA children following rhGH treatment. The study involved 11 SGA children divided into two groups: (a) SGA children who were not treated with rhGH (n = 4) and (b) SGA children who received rhGH treatment with Saizen® (n = 7). …”
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An Observational Study of Glomerular Functions in Beta-thalassemia Major Children by Schwartz Formula and Technetium 99m Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid Renogram by Sukanta Mandal, Tathagata Bose, Rachna Gulati, Manish Singh Ahuja

“…Background and Aim: Kidney dysfunction is reported in significant number of beta thalassemia major children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of glomerular dysfunction in beta-thalassemia major children on regular blood transfusion (BT) and chelation therapy, and to find the correlation between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated by Schwartz formula and Technetium 99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) renogram with ferritin level and cumulative transfusion load. …”
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Frequency Of Hyponatremia In Children Admitted To The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit In A Tertiary-Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study by Ammar Yasir Khan, Arooba Idris, Asad Shabbir, Sobia Rashid, Asad Iqbal Danish, Syeda Mamoona Qudrat

“… Objective: Hyponatremia is relatively common in children with acute diarrhoea, occurring in around 10-15% of cases. …”
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Ocular Surface Disorders in a Group of Egyptian Children with End Stage Renal Failure on Dialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study by Mohamed Anbar, Ahmed R. H. Ahmed, Abdel-Azeem M. El-Mazary, Ramadan A. Mahmoud

“…To investigate tear function, ocular manifestations, and squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium (SMCE) in children with end stage renal failure (ESRF) on dialysis. …”
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Bone Density, Geometry, and Mass by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography and Bone Turnover Markers in Children with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 by Maciej Jaworski, Elżbieta Wierzbicka, Edyta Czekuć-Kryśkiewicz, Paweł Płudowski, Maria Kobylińska, Mieczysaw Szalecki

“…Studies on the lower leg in children with T1DM by pQCT have generated conflicting results, and most of the studies published so far focused only on a selected features of the bone. …”
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Age-related immune response disparities between adults and children with severe COVID-19: a case–control study in China by Hongliang Chen, Hongliang Chen, Yuan Li, Liping Yuan, Fen Liu, Qian Sun, Qian Sun, Qingkai Luo, Yefei Lei, Yinglan Hou, Jiayan Li, Liang Cai, Shixing Tang

“…BackgroundElucidation of immune response differences is critical for uncovering underlying mechanisms and developing potential intervention measures among adults and children with COVID-19.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we analyzed serum biochemical markers and cytokine profiles among adults and children with COVID-19 in the First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou in Hunan, China from 1 December 2022 to 13 February 2023. …”
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Osteoprotegerin, Soluble Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Irene Lambrinoudaki, Emmanouil Tsouvalas, Marina Vakaki, George Kaparos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Areti Augoulea, Paraskevi Pliatsika, Andreas Alexandrou, Maria Creatsa, Kyriaki Karavanaki

“…To evaluate carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and biomarkers of the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (OPG/RANKL) system in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) children and adolescents and controls. Subjects and Methods. …”
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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Iron Deficiency Among Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years Attending the Sickle Cell Clinic at Kitete Hospital Tanzania. by Lubeja, Amos Charles (M.D)

“…Future studies on iron deficiency in children with Sickle Cell Anaemia should consider testing serum hepcidin levels to identify candidates suitable for safe iron supplementation.…”
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Obese Children with Metabolic Syndrome Have 3 Times Higher Risk to Have Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Compared with Those without Metabolic Syndrome by Dimitrios Papandreou, Mirey Karavetian, Zacharoula Karabouta, Eleni Andreou

“…Anthropometric and biochemical indices were measured, including lipid and liver profile, blood glucose, serum insulin, and liver ultrasound. Results. Forty-four children (58.6%) were found to have MS. …”
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Exploring the clinical value of procalcitonin, c-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the early diagnosis of bloodstream infections in ch... by Yadong Li, Mingjie Li, Chenye Lin, Wentao Tang, Qiuyu Tang, Feng Cheng

“…Abstract Backgroud In the diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI) in children, compared to the gold standard of blood culture, markers in the blood offer advantages such as rapid results and cost-effectiveness. …”
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Case report: Clinical characteristics and Genetical analysis of HSD11B2 in three Chinese children with apparent mineralocorticoid excess: a case series by Yuan Ding, Yuan Ding, Ming Cheng, Ming Cheng, Bingyan Cao, Bingyan Cao, Min Liu, Min Liu, Xuyun Hu, Xuyun Hu, Di Wu, Di Wu, Di Wu

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