The Feasibility of Using CT-Guided ROI for Semiquantifying Striatal Dopamine Transporter Availability in a Hybrid SPECT/CT System by Chien-Chin Hsu, Yen-Hsiang Chang, Wei-Che Lin, Shu-Wen Tang, Pei-Wen Wang, Yung-Cheng Huang, Nan-Tsing Chiu

“…ROIs of the striatal, caudate, putamen, and occipital cortex were manually delineated on the SPECT, CT, and MRI. …”
Get full text

Reduced γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Glutamate+Glutamine Levels in Drug-Naïve Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia but Not in Those at Ultrahigh Risk by Junjie Wang, Yingying Tang, Tianhong Zhang, Huiru Cui, Lihua Xu, Botao Zeng, Yu Li, Gaiying Li, Chunbo Li, Hui Liu, Zheng Lu, Jianye Zhang, Jijun Wang

“…In vivo GABA and glutamate+glutamine (Glx) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex were measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. …”
Get full text

Evidence for direct dopaminergic connections between substantia nigra pars compacta and thalamus in young healthy humans by Giovanni Cirillo, Giuseppina Caiazzo, Federica Franza, Mario Cirillo, Michele Papa, Fabrizio Esposito

“…Starting from whole-brain probabilistic tractography, all streamlines through the SNc reaching the thalamus were counted, separately for each hemisphere, after excluding streamlines through the substantia nigra pars reticulata and all those reaching the basal ganglia, the cerebellum and the cortex. We found a reproducible structural connectivity between the SNc and the thalamus, with an average of ~12% of the total number of streamlines encompassing the SNc and terminating in the thalamus, with no other major subcortical or cortical structures involved. …”
Get full text

Connectivity-Based Parcellation of the Cortical Mantle Using q-Ball Diffusion Imaging by Muriel Perrin, Yann Cointepas, Arnaud Cachia, Cyril Poupon, Bertrand Thirion, Denis Rivière, Pascal Cathier, Vincent El Kouby, André Constantinesco, Denis Le Bihan, Jean-François Mangin

“…Then, for each voxel of the cortex, a connection profile is computed using a probabilistic tractography framework. …”
Get full text

Associations of Alpha and Beta Interhemispheric EEG Coherences with Indices of Attentional Control and Academic Performance by Vasavi R. Gorantla, Sarah Tedesco, Merin Chandanathil, Sabyasachi Maity, Vernon Bond, Courtney Lewis, Richard M. Millis

“…Heretofore, research on optimizing academic performance has suffered from an inability to translate what is known about an individual’s learning behaviors to how effectively they are able to use the critical nodes and hubs in their cerebral cortex for learning. A previous study from our laboratory suggests that lower theta-beta ratios (TBRs) measured by EEG may be associated with higher academic performance in a medical school curriculum. …”
Get full text

Inhibition of mPFC norepinephrine improved chronic post-thoracotomy pain in adult rats by Fan Zhang, Weicheng Qiu, Wenxiang Qing, Jin Li, Huan Chang, Rili Yu, Yanjun Zhou, Qin Liao

“…Background Chronic post-thoracotomy pain (CPTP) is characterized by high incidence, long duration, and severity of pain. Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a brain region closely associated with chronic pain, and norepinephrine is involved in pain regulation. …”
Get full text

A Neural Circuit For Bergamot Essential Oil‐Induced Anxiolytic Effects by Meng‐Yu Zhu, Wan‐Ying Dong, Jin‐Rong Guo, Ji‐Ye Huang, Ping‐Kai Cheng, Yumeng Yang, An Liu, Xin‐Lu Yang, Xia Zhu, Zhi Zhang, Yuanyin Wang, Wenjuan Tao

“…Here, it is found that treatment with 1.0% bergamot essential oil (BEO) exerts anxiolytic‐like effects through a neural circuit projecting from the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in acute restraint stress model mice. …”
Get full text

Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy for poststroke spasticity: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial by Man Yang, Lu Liu, Peng-Yu Wang, Yang Zhu, Ling-Yi Liao, Qiu-Yi Peng, Yong Tao, Jin-Jing Liu, Xiang-Qin Fang, Shi-Hao Gao, Chang-Yue Gao

“…The secondary outcomes include the modified Tardieu scale for the degree of spasticity, the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale and range of motion (ROM) for motor function, the stroke-specific quality of life scale (SS-QOL) and modified Barthel index for activities of life, cortical excitability measured by TMS–surface electromyography (EMG), cerebral cortex oxygen concentrations measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and Hmax/Mmax ratio measured by EMG.Ethics and dissemination This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Army Medical Center of PLA (Approval No. 2024-04) on 24 January 2024. …”
Get full text

Repetitive Mild but Not Single Moderate Brain Trauma Is Associated with TAR DNA-Binding Protein 43 Mislocalization and Glial Activation in the Mouse Spinal Cord by Tamara Janković, Jelena Rajič Bumber, Nika Gržeta Krpan, Petra Dolenec, Marc Jaeger, Jasna Kriz, Gordana Župan, Kristina Pilipović

“…<b>Methods</b>: Single TBI was applied over the left parietal cortex of mice by using the lateral fluid percussion injury apparatus and a separate cohort of animals received repetitive mild TBI by weight drop apparatus, with two mild injuries daily, for five days in a row. …”
Get full text

Preoperative Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity and Functional Connectivity Were Independent Risk Factors for Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Adults Undergoing Noncardiac... by Zhaoshun Jiang, Xixue Zhang, Yating Lv, Xiaodong Zheng, Huibiao Zhang, Xuelin Zhang, Chongyi Jiang, Guangwu Lin, Weidong Gu

“…However, the DNR patients exhibited higher preoperative ALFF in the bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and left fusiform gyrus and lower preoperative FC between the bilateral MCC and left calcarine than the non-DNR patients. …”
Get full text

Formulation and characterization of CMPI nanoparticles for enhanced targeting of brain nicotinic receptors by positive allosteric modulator by Rahma Aly, Shoukath Sulthana, Robert Beaudoin, Ayman K. Hamouda, Santosh Aryal

“…CMPI that preferentially potentiates the (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR, the major nAChR subtype in the cortex and as such carries potential experimental and therapeutic applications. …”
Get full text

Gestational diabetes induces autistic-like behaviors in offspring by disrupting the GABAergic system by Xuan-Qi Liu, Tian-li Huang, Shu-Yu Zhang, Yu-Tong Huang, Jia-Ying Mo, Yi-Shang Yan, Yi-Ning Cao, Yue-Ran Cai, Jian-Zhong Sheng, Hong Zhu, He Feng Huang

“…Neuronal excitability in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was evaluated using c-Fos staining after social behavior stimulation. …”
Get full text

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Pilot Study by Foglia SD, Drapeau CC, Ramdeo KR, Adams FC, Soppitt DB, Rehsi RS, Shanthanna H, Nelson AJ

“…Participants took part in a 4-week induction period (5 days per week) followed by a 5-week tapering period whereby the frequency of rTMS sessions per week was reduced. rTMS was delivered at 10 hz for 2000 pulses at 80% of resting motor threshold over the primary motor cortex. Feasibility was assessed as compliance of attending treatment sessions. …”
Get full text

A visual cortical-lateral posterior thalamic nucleus circuit regulates depressive-like behaviors in male mice by Fangfang Wu, Chenxi Gu, Rui Xu, Junwei Ma, Lei Gao, Youjiao Zhang, Siyuan Bu, Qingbo Lu, Te Zhao, Yijun Han, Chen Guo, Yihui Cui, Jianhua Ding, Gang Hu, Zhijun Zhang

“…Abstract Depression, a prevalent psychiatric disorder of ambiguous etiology and high heterogeneity, has been recently linked to the primary visual cortex (V1). However, the precise circuits mediating the impact of V1 on depressive-like behaviors are poorly understood. …”
Get full text

Transcranial direct current stimulation for patients with walking difficulties caused by cerebral small vessel disease: a randomized controlled study by Qiaoqiao Xu, Qiaoqiao Xu, Wenwen Yin, Xia Zhou, Shuo Wang, Sishi Chen, Jiajia Yang, Chunhua Xi, Zhongwu Sun

“…Compared to the Sham group, the tDCS group exhibited a more pronounced increase in the cerebral blood flow to the dural cerebrospinal fluid ratio in regions such as the orbitofrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus (P &lt; 0.05, FDR corrected), along with significantly greater improvements in gait speed and stride length. …”
Get full text

Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Xylopia laevigata in Experimental Models by João Carlos C. Queiroz, Ângelo R. Antoniolli, Lucindo J. Quintans-Júnior, Renan G. Brito, Rosana S. S. Barreto, Emmanoel V. Costa, Thanany B. da Silva, Ana Paula Nascimento Prata, Waldecy de Lucca, Jackson R. G. S. Almeida, Julianeli T. Lima, Jullyana S. S. Quintans

“…The EOX showed c-Fos label in the olfactory bulb, piriform cortex, and periaqueductal gray. Acute administration of EOX exhibited a significant (P<0.01 or P<0.001) anti-inflammatory profile in the carrageenan-induced peritonitis and by the carrageenan-induced hindpaw edema tests in mice. …”
Get full text

Clinical efficacy of low‐dose Perampanel correlates with neurophysiological changes in familial adult myoclonus epilepsy 2 by Antonietta Coppola, Claudia Cuccurullo, Gianmaria Senerchia, Marica Rubino, Liana Veneziano, Francesco Brancati, Luigi Baratto, Valentina Virginia Iuzzolino, Leonilda Bilo, Pasquale Striano, Raffaele Dubbioso

“…Neurophysiological assessments revealed a PER‐induced decrease in sensorimotor hyperexcitability, characterized by diminished N33 amplitudes, attenuated glutamatergic facilitation, and enhanced GABAergic inhibition in the motor cortex. In conclusion, low‐dose PER is well tolerated and effective in alleviating myoclonus in FAME2 patients, supported by its modulatory effects on glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal circuits. …”
Get full text

Effect of Spine Nerves Muscle Stimulation Combined with Scalp Acupuncture on Shoulder-hand Syndrome after Early Stroke by Huazhong YANG, Yongsheng ZHOU, Haipeng JIA, Qingjun YANG, Lingjuan RAO

“…The control group was treated with scalp acupuncture(The scalp movement area was needled and the midline of the vertex, anterior and posterior oblique line of the parietal of the healthy side were located according to the brain functional area)combined with conventional physiotherapy(included passive joint activity, neural booster and neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy), 2 hours and 45 minutes per day, 5 days per week. …”
Get full text

Increased DNA Copy Number Variation Mosaicism in Elderly Human Brain by Darine Villela, Claudia K. Suemoto, Renata Leite, Carlos Augusto Pasqualucci, Lea T. Grinberg, Peter Pearson, Carla Rosenberg

“…In two neural tissues isolated from paired postmortem samples (same individuals), we found a significant increase in the frequency of deletions in both brain areas, namely, the frontal cortex and cerebellum. Also, deletions were found to be significantly larger when present only in the cerebellum. …”
Get full text

Event-related theta synchronization over sensorimotor areas differs between younger and older adults and is related to bimanual motor control by Andreas Wulff-Abramsson, Ana Zvornik, Keenie Ayla Andersen, Yan Yang, Mikael Novén, Jesper Lundbye-Jensen, Leo Tomasevic, Anke Ninija Karabanov

“…Older adults also showed stronger lateralization, displaying higher theta ERS over the dominant motor cortex. Finally, event-related theta synchronization appeared to be behaviorally relevant across groups and correlated with task performance. …”
Get full text