Pathophysiological Models of Hypersomnolence Associated With Depression by Christophe Moderie, Diane B. Boivin

“…Neuromodulation that targets prefrontal cortex anomalies should be systematically explored, while tailored light therapy protocols may mitigate light hyposensitivity. …”
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Advance in Different Modes of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Rehabilitation of Dysphagia after Stroke by Jiahui TAI, Junfa WU, Tingwei WANG, Yi WU

“…It is generally believed that dysphagia after stroke is related to the lesions of cerebral cortex, subcortical structures and brainstem swallowing center. …”
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A Comparative Genomic Study in Schizophrenic and in Bipolar Disorder Patients, Based on Microarray Expression Profiling Meta-Analysis by Marianthi Logotheti, Olga Papadodima, Nikolaos Venizelos, Aristotelis Chatziioannou, Fragiskos Kolisis

“…In another study we used samples from postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of bipolar subjects while the final study was performed based on raw data from a gene expression profiling dataset in the postmortem superior temporal cortex of schizophrenics. …”
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Effect of cerebrolysin on dopaminergic neurodegeneration of rat with oxidative stress induced by 3-nitropropionic acid by Calderón Guzmán David, Brizuela Norma Osnaya, Ortíz Herrera Maribel, Hernández García Ernestina, Barragán Mejía Gerardo, Juárez Olguín Hugo, Valenzuela Peraza Armando, Attilus Jonas, Labra Ruíz Norma

“…Their brains were extracted, and DA, lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione (GSH), calcium, and H2O2 were measured using validated methods. In the cortex, hemispheres and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of the group treated with cerebrolysin and 3-NPA, the levels of DA and LP decreased. …”
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Establishment of a UPLC-MS/MS Method for Studying the Effect of Salt-Processing on Tissue Distribution of Twelve Major Bioactive Components of Qing’e Pills in Rats by Jingxia Hou, Shangyang Lin, Jinlan Lu, Yu Wu, Li Wu, Zhipeng Chen, Weidong Li

“…Qing’e pills is clinically used for treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in China. Eucommiae Cortex and Psoraleae Fructus are the main herbs of Qing’e pills and are both required to be salt-processed. …”
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Reading and Calculation Neural Systems and Their Weighted Adaptive Use for Programming Skills by Joao Castelhano, Isabel C. Duarte, Joao Duraes, Henrique Madeira, Miguel Castelo-Branco

“…The core role of the anterior insula and anterior midcingulate cortex is illuminated by their relation to performance in error processing and novelty. …”
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Exploring the therapeutic potential of tDCS, TMS and DBS in overcoming tobacco use disorder: an umbrella review by Graziella Orrù, Marina Baroni, Ciro Conversano, Angelo Gemignani

“…A significant efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation that targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was found, as well as the lateral prefrontal cortex and insula bilaterally, on smoking frequency and craving. …”
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A Massive Extradural Hematoma in Sickle Cell Disease and the Importance of Rapid Neuroimaging by Per Ole Iversen, Mboka Jacob, Jamila Makame, Mclean Abisay, Mbonea Yonazi, Anna Schuh, Julie Makani

“…Possibly, disruption of the skull cortex with subsequent bleeding caused the EDH. As the differential diagnoses of neurological complications in SCD are many and some complications are reversible, neuroimaging should be performed without delay.…”
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Efficient and safe software defined network topology discovery protocol by Dong LI, Junqing YU, Yongpu GU, Pengcheng ZHAO

“…The network topology discovery in OpenFlow-based software-defined networks is mainly achieved by utilizing the OpenFlow discovery protocol (OFDP).However, it has been observed in existing research that OFDP exhibits low updating efficiency and is susceptible to network topology pollution attacks.To address the efficiency and safety concerns of the network topology discovery protocol, an in-depth investigation was conducted on the mechanism and safety of OFDP network topology discovery.The characteristics of network topology establishment and updating in OFDP were analyzed, and an improved protocol named Im-OFDP (improved OpenFlow discovery protocol) based on the minimum vertex covering problem in graph theory was proposed.In Im-OFDP, the switch port table and network link table were initially established using prior information obtained from OFDP network topology discovery.Subsequently, a graph model of the network topology was constructed, and the minimum vertex covering algorithm in graph theory was employed to select specific switches for the reception and forwarding of topology discovery link layer discovery protocol (LLDP) packets.Multi-level flow tables were designed based on the network topology structure, and these flow entries were installed on the selected switches by the controller to process LLDP packets.To address security issues, dynamic check code verification in LLDP packets was employed to ensure the safety of network links.Additionally, a network equipment information maintenance mechanism was established based on known network topologies to ensure the safety of the network equipment.Experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in the number of network topology discovery messages, bandwidth overhead, and CPU overhead through the deployment of Im-OFDP.Moreover, the response time for node failures and link recovery time after mode failure is substantially reduced.Im-OFDP also effectively mitigates various network topology pollution attacks, such as link fabrication and switch forgery attacks.Overall, Im-OFDP has the capability to enhance the efficiency and safety of SDN topology discovery.…”
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Neuronal Mechanisms in Temporal Coding: A Further Look at Neuronal Oscillations by Rémy Lestienne

“…Instead, their frequency is often adjustable and controllable, as in the example of the “chattering cells” discovered in the superficial layers of the visual cortex. Moreover, adjustable frequency oscillators are suitable for use in “phase locked loops” (PLL) networks, a device that can convert time coding to frequency coding; such PLL units have been found in the somatosensory cortex of guinea pigs. …”
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Brain-Specific Increase in Leukotriene Signaling Accompanies Chronic Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in a Model of Gulf War Illness by Sahithi Attaluri, Raghavendra Upadhya, Maheedhar Kodali, Leelavathi N. Madhu, Dinesh Upadhya, Bing Shuai, Ashok K. Shetty

“…CysLT and LTB4 concentrations were elevated in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex, along with enhanced 5-LOX expression in neurons and microglia. …”
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Reduced Expression of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Beta 2 Restores Neuronal Injury and Improves Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Aβ1-42 by Shan Li, Guo-Ji Yan, Ya-Xin Tan, Lu-Lu Xue, Ting-Hua Wang, Hao-Ran Zhao, Min-Nan Lu, Hui-Xiang Zhang, Rong Mei, Xiao-Han Dong, Li-Na Liu, Dan Wang, Yan-Bin Xiyang

“…Voltage-gated sodium channel beta 2 (Nav2.2 or Navβ2, coded by SCN2B mRNA), a gene involved in maintaining normal physiological functions of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, might be associated with prefrontal cortex aging and memory decline. …”
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Aberrant Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Dorsal Attention Network in Tinnitus by Haimeng Hu, Yining Lyu, Shihong Li, Zheng Yuan, Chuntao Ye, Zhao Han, Guangwu Lin

“…The tinnitus patients exhibited significantly increased FC from the left superior parietal gyrus to several brain regions, including the left inferior parietal gyrus, the left superior marginal gyrus, and the right superior frontal gyrus, and decreased FC to the right anterior cingulate cortex. The tinnitus patients exhibited decreased FC from the left precuneus to the left inferior occipital gyrus, left calcarine cortex, and left superior frontal gyrus compared with the healthy controls. …”
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for fibromyalgia: are we there yet? by Jorge Dornellys da Silva Lapa, Valquíria Aparecida da Silva, Daniel Ciampi de Andrade

“…The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was the target in 218 patients (49.2%), and the primary motor cortex (M1) in 225 (50.8%). …”
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On Entropy Measures and Eccentricity-Based Descriptors of Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimers by Zhi-Hao Hui, Asfand Fahad, Muhammad Imran Qureshi, Rida Irfan, Aneesa Shireen, Zahid Iqbal, Rahma Alyusufi

“…Due to their ability to predict the physiochemical properties of a molecular graph, several TIs have been introduced and studied, mainly based on degree and distance. For a vertex v, the maximum distance of v from any other vertex in a graph G is called the eccentricity of v, which is denoted by σv, in G. …”
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Leaf and Root Functional Traits of Woody and Herbaceous Halophytes and Their Adaptations in the Yellow River Delta by Yan Wang, Hao Wu, Jian Wang, Liqiang Mu, Zhongyue Li

“…Meanwhile, root diameter was strongly correlated with cortex thickness and stele diameter; leaf thickness was also tightly related with palisade tissue thickness. …”
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Modulation of Sustained Attention by Theta-tACS over the Lateral and Medial Frontal Cortices by Jinwen Wei, Zhiguo Zhang, Ziqing Yao, Dong Ming, Peng Zhou

“…Theta oscillations over the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) play vital roles in sustained attention. …”
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Determination of Scopolamine Distribution in Plasma and Brain by LC-MS/MS in Rats by Juan Chen, Anjing Lu, Daopeng Tan, Qianru Zhang, Yanliu Lu, Lin Qin, Yuqi He

“…The concentrations of scopolamine in the hippocampus and cortex were much higher than those in the striatum, indicating that the likely targets of its neurotoxic damage were the hippocampus and cortex. …”
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Three-Dimensional Organoid System Transplantation Technologies in Future Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases by NaiLi Wei, ZiFang Quan, Hailiang Tang, JianHong Zhu

“…In recent years, scientists have made great achievements in understanding the development of human brain and elucidating critical elements of stepwise spatiotemporal control strategies in neural stem cell specification lineage, which facilitates successful induction of neural organoid in vitro including the cerebral cortex, cerebellar, neural tube, hippocampus cortex, pituitary, and optic cup. …”
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Sparse high-dimensional decomposition of non-primary auditory cortical receptive fields. by Shoutik Mukherjee, Behtash Babadi, Shihab Shamma

“…Here, we focus on the relationship between ferret primary auditory cortex (A1) and a secondary region, dorsal posterior ectosylvian gyrus (PEG). …”
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