The Adjacency Matrix of One Type of Directed Graph and the Jacobsthal Numbers and Their Determinantal Representation by Fatih Yılmaz, Durmuş Bozkurt

“…By using the well-known property which states the (i,j) entry of Am (A is adjacency matrix) is equal to the number of walks of length m from vertex i to vertex j, we show that elements of mth positive integer power of the adjacency matrix correspond to well-known Jacobsthal numbers. …”
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On Omega Index and Average Degree of Graphs by Sadik Delen, Musa Demirci, Ahmet Sinan Cevik, Ismail Naci Cangul

“…Average degree of a graph is defined to be a graph invariant equal to the arithmetic mean of all vertex degrees and has many applications, especially in determining the irregularity degrees of networks and social sciences. …”
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On the Constant Edge Resolvability of Some Unicyclic and Multicyclic Graphs by Dalal Alrowaili, Zohaib Zahid, Imran Siddique, Sohail Zafar, Muhammad Ahsan, Muhammad Sarwar Sindhu

“…For a set of vertices WE⊆VG, two edges g1,g2∈EG are distinguished by a vertex x1∈WE, if dx1,g1≠dx1,g2. WE is termed edge metric generator for G if any vertex of WE distinguishes every two arbitrarily distinct edges of graph G. …”
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Bridge and cycle degrees of vertices of graphs by Gary Chartrand, Farrokh Saba, Nicholas C. Wormald

“…The bridge degree bdeg v and cycle degree cdeg v of a vertex v in a graph G are, respectively, the number of bridges and number of cycle edges incident with v in G. …”
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Review of Vortices in Wildland Fire by Jason M. Forthofer, Scott L. Goodrick

“…A basic introduction to vorticity is given, and the two common vortex forms in wildland fire are analyzed: fire whirls and horizontal roll vortices. …”
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Multiband superconductors under magnetic fields: Fractional vortices and Ising superconductivity by Haijiao Ji, Noah F. Q. Yuan

“…Inspired by the recent experiments in monolayer iron-based superconductors, we theoretically investigate the properties of a two-dimensional multiband superconductor under magnetic fields, focusing on two aspects. First, for vortex bound states under out-of-plane magnetic fields, the spatial anisotropy and positions of electron density peaks are associated with interband couplings. …”
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Numerical Modeling of a Marine Propeller Undergoing Surge and Heave Motion by Spyros A. Kinnas, Ye Tian, Abhinav Sharma

“…A boundary element method (BEM) and a vortex-lattice method (VLM) are extended in order to predict the unsteady performance of propellers subject to rigid body motions. …”
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Region-Dependent Alterations in Cognitive Function and ERK1/2 Signaling in the PFC in Rats after Social Defeat Stress by Qiong Wang, Feng Shao, Weiwen Wang

“…Impairments of cognitive flexibility, which are modulated by the monoaminergic system of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), are increasingly recognized as an important component of the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. …”
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Dendritic Spines in Depression: What We Learned from Animal Models by Hui Qiao, Ming-Xing Li, Chang Xu, Hui-Bin Chen, Shu-Cheng An, Xin-Ming Ma

“…This review summarizes our current understanding of the chronic stress-induced remodeling of dendritic spines in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens and also discusses the putative underlying mechanisms.…”
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Comparison between cortical and subcortical diaphragmatic motor stimulation by transcranial magnetic stimulation on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Hanan Mohamed Ibrahim Elshoura, Ahmed Adel Ahmed Ghareeb Nofal, Hossam Salaheldin Labib

“…Abstract Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a non-invasive method of electrically stimulating neurons in the cerebral cortex, can change neuronal and cortical activity locally and remotely by applying localized magnetic fields. …”
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Pax6 regulates neuronal migration and cell proliferation via interacting with Wnt3a during cortical development by Bichao Zhang, Meihua Hou, Jiayan Huang, Yunfei Liu, Ciqing Yang, Juntang Lin

“…Homozygous loss of Pax6 resulted in neonatal death in mice, plus loss of eyes and malformation of cerebral cortex. In patients with heterozygous Pax6 mutations, a reduction in thickness of the frontoparietal cortex was detected, which was also observed in small eye mice. …”
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MMP-9 Contributes to Dendritic Spine Remodeling Following Traumatic Brain Injury by Barbara Pijet, Marzena Stefaniuk, Leszek Kaczmarek

“…We examined spine density and dendritic spine shape in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. CCI caused a marked decrease in spine density as well as spine shrinkage in the cerebral cortex ipsilateral to the injury, when compared to sham animals and contralateral side both 1 day and 1 week after the insult. …”
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment: A Narrative Review by Omer Faruk Uygur, Merve Celik

“…The results of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation studies targeting the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex also vary; some report reductions in alcohol consumption, while others do not demonstrate significant effects. …”
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Social Isolation Stress Induces Anxious-Depressive-Like Behavior and Alterations of Neuroplasticity-Related Genes in Adult Male Mice by Alessandro Ieraci, Alessandra Mallei, Maurizio Popoli

“…SI showed lower mRNA levels of the BDNF-7 splice variant, c-Fos, Arc, and Egr-1 in both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex compared to GH mice. Finally, SI mice exhibited selectively reduced mGluR1 and mGluR2 levels in the prefrontal cortex. …”
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Effect of Central Pattern Generators Depended Different Walking Strategies on Gait Ability of Patients after Stroke by Hua WU, Zaihua RU, Congying XU, Xudong GU, Jianming FU

“…The contralateral sensory and motor cortex (SMG) activation of the patients in the treatment group increased significantly compared to the control group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05) after eight weeks.Conclusion:The rehabilitation robot for lower-limb training with movement patterns repeat can increase exercise sensory input, activate the CPG neural networks, and evoke fMRI responses in somatosensory cortex and cerebrum sensory cortex in patients with stroke. …”
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Altered Brain Functional Activity in Infants with Congenital Bilateral Severe Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study under Sedation by Shuang Xia, TianBin Song, Jing Che, Qiang Li, Chao Chai, Meizhu Zheng, Wen Shen

“…Insufficient or no stimulation of the auditory cortex during the sensitive periods of plasticity could affect the function of hearing, language, and vision development. …”
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Brain metabolites in ISIAH and Wistar rats by O. B. Shevelev, A. A. Seryapina, A. L. Markel, M. P. Moshkin

“…Cortex and hypothalamus metabolites were measured in animals under isoflurane anesthesia using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1Н MRS). …”
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Structural Alteration of Medial Temporal Lobe Subfield in the Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease by Pan He, Hang Qu, Ming Cai, Weijie Liu, Xinyi Gu, Qiang Ma

“…Decreased gray matter densities of the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and amygdala could distinguish patients with early stage of AD between aMCI and NC. …”
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Sufficient Conditions for Hamiltonicity of Graphs with Respect to Wiener Index, Hyper-Wiener Index, and Harary Index by Guisheng Jiang, Lifang Ren, Guidong Yu

“…Finally, we discuss t-connected graphs and provide some conditions for the graphs to be Hamilton-connected or traceable for every vertex, respectively.…”
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A transcriptional profile of aging in the human kidney. by Graham E J Rodwell, Rebecca Sonu, Jacob M Zahn, James Lund, Julie Wilhelmy, Lingli Wang, Wenzhong Xiao, Michael Mindrinos, Emily Crane, Eran Segal, Bryan D Myers, James D Brooks, Ronald W Davis, John Higgins, Art B Owen, Stuart K Kim

“…The age-regulated genes show a similar aging profile in the cortex and the medulla, suggesting a common underlying mechanism for aging. …”
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