Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Types of Chocolate, Milk, Semisweet, Dark, and Soy, in Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, and Cerebellum of Wistar Rats by Niara da Silva Medeiros, Roberta Koslowsky Marder, Mariane Farias Wohlenberg, Cláudia Funchal, Caroline Dani

“…In this study, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of male Wistar rats when consuming different types of chocolate, including milk, semisweet, dark, and soy, was evaluated. …”
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Treadmill exercise prevents stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors via enhancing the excitatory input from the primary motor cortex to the thalamocortical circuit by Zhihua Luo, Junlin Chen, Yuchu Liu, Yelin Dai, Hui Gao, Borui Zhang, Haibin Ou, Kwok-Fai So, Ji-an Wei, Li Zhang

“…Here, we identified a previously unrecognized pathway originating from the primary motor cortex (M1) to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) via the ventromedial thalamic (VM) nuclei in male mice. …”
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The Generation and Modulation of Distinct Gamma Oscillations with Local, Horizontal, and Feedback Connections in the Primary Visual Cortex: A Model Study on Large-Scale Networks by Chuanliang Han, Tian Wang, Yujie Wu, Yang Li, Yi Yang, Liang Li, Yizheng Wang, Dajun Xing

“…Here, we aimed to understand this question in a large-scale network model for the primary visual cortex (V1). We created a computational model composed of multiple excitatory and inhibitory units with biologically plausible connectivity patterns for RC, FF, FB, and HC in V1; then, we quantitated GAMMA in network models at different strength levels of HC and other connection types. …”
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Increase in beta frequency phase synchronization and power after a session of high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the primary motor cortex by Enrico De Martino, Adenauer Girardi Casali, Bruno Andry Nascimento Couto, Thomas Graven-Nielsen, Daniel Ciampi de Andrade

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Local and Distributed fMRI Changes Induced by 40 Hz Gamma tACS of the Bilateral Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: A Pilot Study by Lucia Mencarelli, Lucia Monti, Sara Romanella, Francesco Neri, Giacomo Koch, Ricardo Salvador, Giulio Ruffini, Giulia Sprugnoli, Simone Rossi, Emiliano Santarnecchi

“…However, the effects of tACS targeting regions outside the motor cortex, as well as its spatial specificity, are still unclear. …”
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Correlation Analysis of the Entorhinal Cortex-Hippocampus Nerve Fiber Changes and Memory Dysfunction in P301L-Tau Mouse Model and Molecular Mechanism by CHEN Xiaocheng, LIANG Shengxiang, LIN Bingbing, LIU Weilin, HUANG Jia

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Chlorogenic acid alleviates cadmium-induced neuronal injury in chicken cerebral cortex by inhibiting incomplete autophagy mediated by AMPK-ULK1 pathway by Li Wang, Chaofan Zhang, Muhammad Azhar Memon, Qianting Shi, Le Lu, Xishuai Tong, Yonggang Ma, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Xuezhong Liu, Jianchun Bian, Zongping Liu, Yan Yuan

“…The results showed that in vivo, CGA reduced the Cd level and alleviated Cd-induced histopathological and ultrastructural damages in the chicken cerebral cortex. Further research has found that CGA alleviated Cd-induced incomplete autophagy and activation of the AMPK-ULK1 pathway. …”
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Age-Dependent Switch of the Role of Serotonergic 5-HT1A Receptors in Gating Long-Term Potentiation in Rat Visual Cortex In Vivo by Peter J. Gagolewicz, Hans C. Dringenberg

“…The rodent primary visual cortex (V1) is densely innervated by serotonergic axons and previous in vitro work has shown that serotonin (5-HT) can modulate plasticity (e.g., long-term potentiation (LTP)) at V1 synapses. …”
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Non-apical plateau potentials and persistent firing induced by metabotropic cholinergic modulation in layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in the rat prefrontal cortex. by Nicholas Hagger-Vaughan, Daniel Kolnier, Johan F Storm

“…Here we describe a type of depolarising plateau potentials (PPs; sustained depolarisations outlasting the stimuli) in layer 2/3 pyramidal cells (L2/3PC) in rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) slices, using whole-cell somatic recordings. …”
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The visuomotor synchronization immersive virtual reality of a depression avatar in a stigma context experience mobilizes the fronto-parietal cortex and anterior insula by Kelssy Hitomi dos Santos Kawata, Kelssy Hitomi dos Santos Kawata, Wey Guan Lem, Koki Ono, Hiroshi Oyama

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The Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Nucleus Accumbens, Basolateral Amygdala, and Hippocampus Regulate the Amelioration of Environmental Enrichment and Cue in Fear Behavior in the Animal Model of PTSD by Ying Hao Yu, Yeou San Lim, Chen Yin Ou, Kai Chieh Chang, Arthur C. Tsai, Fang Chih Chang, Andrew Chih Wei Huang

“…The present study addressed this issue and examined whether the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC, including the cingulate cortex 1 (Cg1), prelimbic cortex (PrL), and infralimbic cortex (IL)), the nucleus accumbens (NAc), the basolateral amygdala (BLA), and the hippocampus (e.g., CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG)) regulated the amelioration of the EE, cue, or the combination of EE and cue. …”
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To the question of Rank effect essence by V. I. Kuznetsov, V. V. Makarov

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Nano-shaping of chiral photons by Sunaba Yuji, Ide Masaki, Takei Ryo, Sakai Kyosuke, Pin Christophe, Sasaki Keiji

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Multi-Scale Robotics: A Numerical Investigation on Mobile Micro-Tweezers for Micro-Manipulation with Extreme Requirements by Ahmet Fatih Tabak

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Collision Avoidance in Circular Motion of a Fixed-Wing Drone Formation Based on Rotational Modification of Artificial Potential Field by Tagir Muslimov

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Short-Term Memory Impairment and Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Dysfunction in the Orthostatic Position: A Single Case Study of Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome by Luca Sebastianelli, Verena Stoll, Viviana Versace, Sara Martignago, Stephan Obletter, Marco Lavoriero, Kathrin Malfertheiner, Gertraud Gisser, Leopold Saltuari

“…This EEG spectral alteration was detected in a brain region that includes the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, an area known to be involved in memory processing; therefore we hypothesize that SSFS induced reversible hypoperfusion of this otherwise undamaged cortical region. …”
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Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (atDCS) of the Primary Motor Cortex (M1) Facilitates Nonconscious Error Correction of Negative Phase Shifts by Bettina Pollok, Martin Jurkiewicz, Vanessa Krause

“…The present study is aimed at investigating the functional contribution of the primary motor cortex (M1) for both types of error correction in the temporal domain. …”
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A Sensitive and Selective Method for Determination of Aesculin in Cortex Fraxini by Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Application in Pharmacokinetic Study by Yi Li, Hui Guo, Yinying Wu, Qianqian Geng, Danfeng Dong, Huili Wu, Enxiao Li

“…A rapid and sensitive method for determining aesculin of Cortex fraxini in rat was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) tandem mass (MS/MS). …”
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<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Extract Increases COX-1, COX-2 and TNF-α in the Hippocampus of Rats with Neuropathic Pain by Joanna Bartkowiak-Wieczorek, Małgorzata Jamka, Radosław Kujawski, Marcin Hołysz, Agnieszka Bienert, Kamila Czora-Poczwardowska, Michał Szulc, Przemysław Mikołajczak, Anna Bogacz, Anna-Maria Wizner, Karolina Wielgus, Ryszard Słomski, Edyta Mądry

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Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in male patients of fibromyalgia by Vikas Kumar Tiwari, Srishti Nanda, Suvercha Arya, Uma Kumar, Renu Bhatia

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