Financing health system elements in Africa: A scoping review. by Humphrey Cyprian Karamagi, David Njuguna, Solyana Ngusbrhan Kidane, Herve Djossou, Hillary Kipchumba Kipruto, Aminata Binetou-Wahebine Seydi, Juliet Nabyonga-Orem, Diane Karenzi Muhongerwa, Kingsley Addai Frimpong, Benjamin Musembi Nganda

“…We conducted a scoping review of empirical research following the six-stage methodological framework for Scoping Review by Arksey & O'Malley and Levac, Colquhoun & O'Brien. …”
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Why do preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions demonstrate limited success in preventing overweight and obesity in children? A scoping review protocol. by Kaat Philippe, Carla Perrotta, Aisling O'Donnell, Fionnuala M McAuliffe, Catherine M Phillips

“…The results of this study, which will be discussed with an expert group as part of a consultation stage, aim to identify gaps and inform the design or adaptation of future preconception and pregnancy interventions and approaches to potentially increase success rates. …”
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Stent as a bridge to surgery for malignant colonic obstruction: a retrospective study on survival and outcomes by Thanawin Wong, Tanawat Pattarapuntakul, Nisa Netinatsunton, Jaksin Sottisuporn, Thanapon Yaowmaneerat, Wongsakorn Chaochankit, Siriboon Attasaranya, Pimsiri Sripongpun, Naichaya Chamroonkul, Viraksakdi Chongsuvivatwong

“…The SBTS group had higher rates of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (65.5% vs. 16.9%, p < 0.001) and shorter postoperative stays (POS) (7 vs. 9 days, p = 0.026). Stage IV cancer and low serum albumin were poor prognostic factors for OS. …”
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Multiple Dimensions Define Thresholds for Population Resilience of the Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica by Megan K. La Peyre, Hongqing Wang, Shaye E. Sable, Wei Wu, Bin Li, Devin Comba, Carlos Perez, Melanie Bates, Lauren M. Swam

“…However, actual number of days and salinity threshold differed by statistical approach, oyster life stage, and estuary highlighting the multiple dimensions defining ecological thresholds. …”
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Expression and Significances of Contactin-1 in Human Gastric Cancer by Ji-Wei Yu, Sheng-Hua Wu, Rui-qi Lu, Ju-gang Wu, Xiao-Chun Ni, Gou-cai Zhou, Hai-guang Jiang, Lin-Hai Zheng, Xiao-Qiang Li, Guang-Ye Du, Bo-Jian Jiang

“…All of them were closely related to TNM stage, lymphatic invasion, and lymph node involvement (P<0.05). …”
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Type B thymomas in patients with myasthenia gravis display a distinctive pattern of αβ TCR and IL-7 receptor α expression on CD4+CD8+ thymocytes by Tianlai Wang, Boyu Wang, Xiaowu Fan, Yixin Cai, Lequn Li, Shengling Fu

“…Our results show that the developmental stages defined by the expression of CD3, CD4, and CD8 were largely maintained in both MG (+) and MG (−) thymomas, with CD4+CD8+ cells constituting the majority of thymocytes in type B thymoma, and no significant difference between this cell population was observed in MG (+) and MG (−) thymomas.We discovered that CD4+CD8+ thymocytes in MG (+) thymomas expressed low levels of αβ TCR and high levels of IL-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα), whereas in MG (−) thymomas, CD4+CD8+ thymocytes exhibited the opposite pattern of αβ TCR and IL-7Rα expression. …”
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Atomistic Study on the Mechanical Properties of HOP–Graphene Under Variable Strain, Temperature, and Defect Conditions by Qing Peng, Jiale Li, Xintian Cai, Gen Chen, Zeyu Huang, Lihang Zheng, Hongyang Li, Xiao-Jia Chen, Zhongwei Hu

“…Similarly, an increase in the diameter of the circular hole defect from 0 nm to 4 nm resulted in a decrease in Young’s modulus along both the armchair and zigzag directions, with a corresponding reduction of 11.0% and 10.4%, respectively. At the late stage of tensile fracture along the zigzag direction, HOP–graphene undergoes a transformation to an amorphous state under tensile stress. …”
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Application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) enhances agronomic, physiological and antioxidant traits of Salvia fruticosa under saline conditions: a practical approach by Uğur Tan

“…However, with a one-time IBA application to the plant cuttings before the rooting stage, particularly at a concentration of 2 g/L, was effective for mitigating the negative effects of salinity stress. …”
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Gambling harms, stigmatisation and discrimination: A qualitative naturalistic forum analysis. by Katy Penfold, Laura Louise Nicklin, Darren Chadwick, Joanne Lloyd

“…Experiences discussed/described within the forums were developed into a timeline of gambling harms which was cyclical in nature and involved six stages: onset, concealment of problems, crisis point, disclosure of problems, recurrence of harms (sometimes termed 'relapse') and recovery. …”
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Soybean Water Monitoring and Water Demand Prediction in Arid Region Based on UAV Multispectral Data by Shujie Jia, Mingyi Cui, Lei Chen, Shangyuan Guo, Hui Zhang, Zheyu Bai, Yaoyu Li, Linqiang Deng, Fuzhong Li, Wuping Zhang

“…During critical soybean growth stages, UAV multispectral data of the canopy were collected, and ground measurements were conducted for three GPS-referenced 50 cm × 50 cm plots to obtain canopy leaf water content, coverage, and soil volumetric moisture at 20 cm intervals. …”
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Effect of electrical stimulation with a cochlear implant on tinnitus impact: protocol of an individual patient data meta-analysis by Inge Stegeman, Adriana L Smit, Kelly Assouly

“…While several studies have shown a reduction in tinnitus distress following cochlear implantation, others showed an increase or no change after implantation. At this stage, clinicians have little certainty when counselling their patients prior to implantation regarding tinnitus post-implantation. …”
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Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in lupus nephritis and beyond by Elisabet Svenungsson, Iva Gunnarsson, Andreas Jönsen, Ting Wang, Anders A Bengtsson, Christian Lood, Marina Barguil Macedo

“…In both cohorts, NGAL was able to discriminate patients with a creatinine clearance &lt;60 mL/min (chronic kidney disease stage 3 or more) with high accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.92 (p&lt;0.0001) and 0.94 (p=0.0088), respectively. …”
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Letters of Friedrich Christian Weber to John Robeson from Russia, 1718-1719 by I. I. Fedyukin, A. D. Novikova

“…The set of letters shed light on the history of Russian foreign policy at the final stage of the Great Northern War on the eve of the conclusion of the Peace of Nystad.…”
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Future Climate Change Shifts the Ranges of Major Encroaching Woody Plant Species in the Southern Great Plains, USA by Jia Yang, Rodney Will, Lu Zhai, Chris Zou

“…The projected shift in WPE ranges provides a scientific basis for governments to optimize the allocation of management resources and implement timely practices to control the spread of woody plants during the early encroachment stage. Our study methodology is applicable to other regions and continents with WPE issues, including Africa, South America, and Australia.…”
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Use of infographics to develop speaking skills of engineering students at English classes by Nina S. Shvaikina, Alexander A. Popel

“…The research novelty of this study lies in the fact that infographics as a way of visual presentation of various textual, statistical information, data and knowledge is used as a means of teaching a foreign language at the stage of higher education. The results of the research can then be used to teach English to bachelors studying a wide range of engineering degrees, or as part of a refreshing course for non-linguistic masters. …”
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Socio-economic and demographic determinants of undernutrition among 6–59 months old children living in Malawian stunting hotspots: a cross-sectional community study by Patrick Ndovie, Smith G. Nkhata, Numeri Geresomo, Robert Fungo, Vincent Nyau, Justice Munthali

“…Methods This cross-sectional study of 1,275 caregiver-child pairs from Mzimba, Mchinji, and Mangochi used multi-stage sampling. Data were analyzed with Stata 17.0, employing descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression to explore associations and identify determinants of malnutrition in children aged 6–59 months based on WHO Z-scores. …”
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Mechanical Properties of Bump-Prone Coal with Different Porosities and Its Acoustic Emission-Charge Induction Characteristics under Uniaxial Compression by Xin Ding, Xiaochun Xiao, Xiangfeng Lv, Di Wu, Jun Xu

“…The amplitudes and accumulation of AE energy and charge pulse indeed vary with the stress loading stages and strength. The frequency of AE waveform is dominated in three bands (1∼50 kHz, 100∼150 kHz, and 175∼200 kHz) and that of charge induction had one frequency band 1∼100 Hz, and the amplitudes of time domain and main frequency components increased with stress improved. …”
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Density-Driven CO₂ Dissolution in Depleted Gas Reservoirs with Bottom Aquifers by Xiaocong Lyu, Fang Cen, Rui Wang, Huiqing Liu, Jing Wang, Junxi Xiao, Xudong Shen

“…Moreover, we analyzed the CO₂ dissolution rate at various stages and delineated the initiation and decline of convection in relation to gas composition, thereby quantifying the influence of residual-gas mixtures. …”
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Citrus Irrigation Management by Davie Mayeso Kadyampakeni, Kelly T. Morgan, Mongi Zekri, Rhuanito Ferrarezi, Arnold Schumann, Thomas A. Obreza

“…However, rainfall is scarce during the dry period from February through May, which coincides with the critical stages of bloom, leaf expansion, fruit set, and fruit enlargement. …”
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High and Low Adherence to Mediterranean and DASH Diet Patterns and the Risk of Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies by Mehmet Emin Arayici, Mustafa Eray Kilic, Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz

“…Methods. The reporting stages of this meta-analysis closely adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. …”
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