The Mechanisms Underlying Chronic Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis from the Perspective of the Epigenetic Landscape by Yasuto Araki, Toshihide Mimura

“…Epigenetic mechanisms regulate chromatin state and gene transcription without any change in DNA sequence, resulting in the alteration of phenotypes in several cell types, especially RASFs. …”
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THERAPEUTIC GENE EDITING FOR HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES by Ugo Testa, Giuseppe Leone, Maria Domenica Cappellini

“…Initial studies of gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies involved the use of lentiviral vectors to add functional copies of the gene encoding b-globin in defective CD34 cells; more recently, gene editing techniques have been used involving either CRISPR-Cas9, transcription activation-like effector protein nuclease, zinc finger nuclease, and base editing to either induce fetal hemoglobin production at therapeutic levels or to genetically repair the underlying molecular defect causing the disease. …”
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Understanding Disease Susceptibility through Population Genomics by Seonggyun Han, Junnam Lee, Sangsoo Kim

“…Genetic epidemiology studies have established that the natural variation of gene expression profiles is heritable and has genetic bases. …”
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Nourishing change in Houston, Texas: exploring grocery shopping behaviours and fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income families in the Brighter Bites program by Victoria Kwentua, Allison Marshall, Ru-Jye Chuang, Jessica Chen, Christine Markham, Mallika Mathur, Mike Pomeroy, Megan Hall, Shreela Sharma

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NMD Microarray Analysis for Rapid Genome-Wide Screen of Mutated Genes in Cancer by Maija Wolf, Henrik Edgren, Aslaug Muggerud, Sami Kilpinen, Pia Huusko, Therese Sørlie, Spyro Mousses, Olli Kallioniemi

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GABAergic Neuron Specification in the Spinal Cord, the Cerebellum, and the Cochlear Nucleus by Kei Hori, Mikio Hoshino

“…Although the machinery to specify GABAergic neurons was first studied in the telencephalon, identification of key molecules, such as pancreatic transcription factor 1a (Ptf1a), as well as recently developed genetic lineage-tracing methods led to the better understanding of GABAergic specification in other brain regions, such as the spinal cord, the cerebellum, and the cochlear nucleus.…”
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The Histone Modification Code in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases by Yasuto Araki, Toshihide Mimura

“…Histone modifications regulate the chromatin states and gene transcription without any change in the DNA sequence, possibly resulting in phenotype alteration in several different cell types. …”
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Potential of ultrasound stimulation and sonogenetics in vision restoration: a narrative review by Jie Ji, Chen Gong, Gengxi Lu, Junhang Zhang, Baoqiang Liu, Xunan Liu, Junhao Lin, Patrick Wang, Biju B. Thomas, Mark S. Humayun, Qifa Zhou

“…We also address how methods such as viral transcription can be utilized to render specific neurons or organs highly responsive to ultrasound, leading to significantly improved therapeutic outcomes.…”
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An abundant ginger compound furanodienone alleviates gut inflammation via the xenobiotic nuclear receptor PXR in mice by Xiaojuan Wang, Guohui Zhang, Zhiwei Bian, Vimanda Chow, Marina Grimaldi, Coralie Carivenc, Savannah Sirounian, Hao Li, Lucia Sladekova, Stefano Mott, Yulia Luperi, Yufeng Gong, Cait Costello, Linhao Li, Matthew Jachimowicz, Miao Guo, Shian Hu, Derek Wilson, Patrick Balaguer, William Bourguet, Sridhar Mani, Laura Bonati, Hui Peng, John March, Hongbing Wang, Shengpeng Wang, Henry M. Krause, Jiabao Liu

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Activity-Dependent NPAS4 Expression and the Regulation of Gene Programs Underlying Plasticity in the Central Nervous System by José Fernando Maya-Vetencourt

“…Here, I discuss the role of the recently discovered neuronal-specific and activity-dependent transcription factor NPAS4 as a critical mediator of plasticity in the nervous system. …”
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Multi-tissue network analysis reveals the effect of JNK inhibition on dietary sucrose-induced metabolic dysfunction in rats by Hong Yang, Cheng Zhang, Woonghee Kim, Mengnan Shi, Metin Kiliclioglu, Cemil Bayram, Ismail Bolar, Özlem Özdemir Tozlu, Cem Baba, Nursena Yuksel, Serkan Yildirim, Shazia Iqbal, Jihad Sebhaoui, Ahmet Hacımuftuoglu, Matthias Uhlen, Jan Boren, Hasan Turkez, Adil Mardinoglu

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The Mitochondrial Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases: Genes and Syndromes by Daria Diodato, Daniele Ghezzi, Valeria Tiranti

“…Mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) disorders are a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous diseases. This is because protein components of the RC are encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and are essential in all cells. …”
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The Roles of circRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Metabolism, and Apoptosis by Hao Li, Lijun Tian, Jianhua Li, Yongjin Li, Lilong Du, Zhenxin Huo, Baoshan Xu

“…Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as a kind of noncoding RNA (ncRNA), participate in the regulation of genetic transcription and translation and further affect the expression of inflammatory cytokine, metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM), the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, etc. …”
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Systematic Analysis of Environmental Chemicals That Dysregulate Critical Period Plasticity-Related Gene Expression Reveals Common Pathways That Mimic Immune Response to Pathogen by Milo R. Smith, Priscilla Yevoo, Masato Sadahiro, Ben Readhead, Brian Kidd, Joel T. Dudley, Hirofumi Morishita

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Shallow-water mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) adapt to deep-sea environment through transcriptomic and metagenomic insights by Luyang Sun, Xiaolu Liu, Li Zhou, Hao Wang, Chao Lian, Zhaoshan Zhong, Minxiao Wang, Hao Chen, Chaolun Li

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Physiological Roles of DNA Double-Strand Breaks by Farhaan A. Khan, Syed O. Ali

“…And yet, bizarrely, cells deploy this very machinery for the intentional and calculated disruption of genomic integrity, harnessing potentially destructive DSBs in delicate genetic transactions. Under tight spatiotemporal regulation, DSBs serve as a tool for genetic modification, widely used across cellular biology to generate diverse functionalities, ranging from the fundamental upkeep of DNA replication, transcription, and the chromatin landscape to the diversification of immunity and the germline. …”
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Changing of expression actinbinding proteins in the kidney under dehydration by I. I. Khegay

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Characterization of a WAS splice-site variant in a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome by Elisabetta Toriello, Rosa Maritato, Antonio De Rosa, Maria Valeria Esposito, Carla Damiano, Carla Damiano, Carmen Rosano, Emilia Cirillo, Antonietta Tarallo, Antonietta Tarallo, Cosimo Abagnale, Francesca Cillo, Roberta Romano, Laura Grilli, Marika Comegna, Marika Comegna, Giancarlo Blasio, Giancarlo Parenti, Giancarlo Parenti, Enrico Maria Surace, Giuseppe Castaldo, Giuseppe Castaldo, Claudio Pignata, Giuliana Giardino

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RNA-Seq Based Transcriptome Analysis of the Type I Interferon Host Response upon Vaccinia Virus Infection of Mouse Cells by Bruno Hernáez, Graciela Alonso, Juan Manuel Alonso-Lobo, Alberto Rastrojo, Cornelius Fischer, Sascha Sauer, Begoña Aguado, Antonio Alcamí

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Nutrigenomic Functions of PPARs in Obesogenic Environments by Soonkyu Chung, Young Jun Kim, Soo Jin Yang, Yunkyoung Lee, Myoungsook Lee

“…Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that mediate the effects of several nutrients or drugs through transcriptional regulation of their target genes in obesogenic environments. …”
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