Protective Effects of Two Safflower Derived Compounds, Kaempferol and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A, on Hyperglycaemic Stress-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via Modulating of Macrophage M1/M... by Yuanping Li, Dan Zheng, Dayue Shen, Xilan Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhao, Hui Liao

“…The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, mannose receptor (CD206), and arginase- (Arg-) 1 were quantified by Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR. The collected supernatants from macrophage were named as (NG) MS, (HG) MS, (Ka) MS, and (HSYA) MS. (2) The podocyte survival rate was assessed by Bromodeoxyuridine assay, while TNF-α and interleukin- (IL-) 1β levels were evaluated by Elisa. …”
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Erbin Regulates Tissue Factors Through Ras/Raf Pathway in Coagulation Disorders in Sepsis by Yang C, Lei C, Jing G, Xia Y, Zhou H, Wu D, Zuo J, Gong H, Wang X, Dong Y, Aidebaike D, Wu X, Song X

“…However, the role of Erbin in coagulation disorders in sepsis and the relationship between Erbin and macrophage regulation of coagulation function are still unclear.Methods: At the cellular level, macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or MEK inhibitor (PD98059), protein expression levels were detected by Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and immunofluorescence, mRNA expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the concentration of tissue factor (TF) in cell supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). …”
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Generation of Insulin-Producing Cells from Canine Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Takahiro Teshima, Keiji Okamoto, Kazuho Dairaku, Tomokazu Nagashima, Masaki Michishita, Ryohei Suzuki, Hirotaka Matsumoto, Hidekazu Koyama

“…The blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were decreased after injection with the supernatant of canine IPCs, but the hyperglycemic states of diabetic mice were not improved after transplanting IPCs subcutaneously or intramesenterically. …”
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Development and evaluation of a recombinant monoclonal human antibody with virus-neutralizing activity against the F glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus by Sergey A. Klotchenko, Ekaterina A. Romanovskaya-Romanko, Marina A. Plotnikova, Anastasia A. Pulkina, Aram A. Shaldzhyan, Dmitry S. Balabashin, Victoria A. Toporova, Teimur K. Aliev, Natalia E. Gyulikhandanova, Dmitry A. Lioznov

“…Antibody specimens were purified from the culture supernatant using affinity chromatography, with a modified protein A as the ligand. …”
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Omics-Based Comparison of Fungal Virulence Genes, Biosynthetic Gene Clusters, and Small Molecules in <i>Penicillium expansum</i> and <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> by Holly P. Bartholomew, Christopher Gottschalk, Bret Cooper, Michael R. Bukowski, Ronghui Yang, Verneta L. Gaskins, Dianiris Luciano-Rosario, Jorge M. Fonseca, Wayne M. Jurick

“…Molecules with varying biological activities, and phytohormone-like compounds were detected for the first time in <i>P. expansum</i> while antibiotics like penicillin G and other biologically active molecules were discovered in <i>P. chrysogenum</i> culture supernatants. Our findings provide a solid omics-based foundation of small molecule production in these two fungal species with implications in postharvest context and expand the current knowledge of the <i>Penicillium</i>-derived chemical repertoire for broader fundamental and practical applications.…”
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Cooperation Between <i>Rhodococcus qinshengii</i> and <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i> for Carbendazim Degradation by Roosivelt Solano-Rodríguez, Fortunata Santoyo-Tepole, Mario Figueroa, Voleta Larios-Serrato, Nora Ruiz-Ordaz, Abigail Pérez-Valdespino, Everardo Curiel-Quesada

“…The presence of carbendazim metabolites in culture supernatants of strains RC9 and RC1 suggests that both strains contribute to the efficient degradation of carbendazim in nature.…”
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Exosomes Derived from Schistosoma japonicum Cystatin-Treated Macrophages Attenuated CLP-Induced Sepsis in Mice by Feifei Huang, Yayun Qian, Huihui Li, Liang Chu, Chen Wan, Qili Shen, Qianqian Li, Xiuxiu Li, Xinyue Wu, Bin Zhan, Rui Zhou, Xiaodi Yang

“…To determine whether the therapeutic effect of Sj-Cys on sepsis can be conveyed by the exosomes released by Sj-Cys-stimulated macrophages, RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with rSj-Cys in vitro, the exosomes were obtained from the cell culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation. Sepsis was induced in BALB/c mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). …”
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Characterization and Probiotic Potential of <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> DPL5: A Novel Strain Isolated from Human Breast Milk with Antimicrobial Properties Against Biofilm-Formi... by Ivan Iliev, Galina Yahubyan, Elena Apostolova-Kuzova, Mariyana Gozmanova, Daniela Mollova, Iliya Iliev, Lena Ilieva, Mariana Marhova, Velizar Gochev, Vesselin Baev

“…The lyophilized cell-free supernatant of <i>L. brevis</i> DPL5 had a significant antagonistic effect against biofilm-producing nasal strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and it completely eradicated biofilms at subinhibitory concentrations of 20 mg·mL⁻¹. …”
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The role of natural exosomes from SHED-MSC in immunoregulation of M0/M1 polarized macrophage cells by Ali Fallah, Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar, Ayyoob Khosravi, Ayyoob Khosravi, Azadeh Mohammad-Hasani, Azadeh Mohammad-Hasani, Mohsen Saeidi, Mohsen Saeidi

“…Following morphological and survival assessments, culture supernatants from SHED-MSCs were used to isolate exosomes. …”
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Extracellular Lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa SB-37: Production by Solid State Fermentation, Immobilization, and Characterization by Titin Haryati, Norman Yoshi Haryono, Dian Nugraheni, Fenti Fatmawati, Alfina Kusuma Dewi, Muhammad Zahran Edlian Syach

“…Since the protein profile of extracellular lipase has a few protein bands, we perform direct immobilization on crude protein supernatant. Immobilization by Ca-alginate entrapment results in loading capacity and recovery activity values of 86.84% and 148%, respectively. …”
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Bradykinin B1 receptor signaling triggers complement activation on endothelial cells by Ingrid Lopatko Fagerström, Alexandra Gerogianni, Markus Wendler, Ida Arvidsson, Ashmita Tontanahal, Ann-Charlotte Kristoffersson, Fatimunnisa Qadri, Michael Bader, Michael Bader, Michael Bader, Michael Bader, Michael Bader, Diana Karpman

“…B1/B2 receptor double knock-out and wild-type mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide from E. coli B5:O55, to induce KKS activation.ResultsSupernatants from PGECs incubated with serum exposed to kaolin or FXIIa exhibited higher levels of Ba and C5b-9, which were significantly reduced in the presence of the B1R antagonist. …”
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Ruxolitinib synergizes with regulatory T cells to improve inflammation but has no added benefits in decreasing albuminuria in SLE by Mi-Ae Lyu, Ximing Tang, Maria Gabriela Raso, Meixian Huang, Ke Zeng, Tara Sadeghi, Christopher R. Flowers, Simrit Parmar

“…We hypothesize that the addition of ruxolitinib to UCB-Tregs may improve SLE outcomes.MethodsIn vitro cell suppression, phenotype change, IL-10 secretion, and cytokine levels in coculture supernatants were determined to quantify the impact of adding ruxolitinib to UCB-Tregs. …”
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Establishment of the fingerprint of ganoderma lucidum spore powder and study on the anti-inflammatory activity of ganoderma lucidum spore oil by Yu Zhang, Lihui Hou, Le Wang, Yunshan Si, Hongjuan Wen, Ying Gao, Xiuhua Yu

“…[Methods] High Performance Liquid Chromatography and High Performance Thin-layer Chromatography techniques were used to analyze the chemical composition of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder from different origins; MTT method was used to determine the cell viability; ELISA was used to determine the RAW264.7 IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in cell supernatant. [Results] The HPLC fingerprints were calibrated with a total of 12 peaks, of which peaks 1-5 were ganoderic acid C2, ganoderic acid G, ganoderic acid B, ganoderic acid A, ganoderic acid D, respectively; the current version of the Pharmacopoeia method of HPTLC showed that 10 batches of samples complied with the regulations, and the quality of raw materials of different origins was found to be similar to that of the HPLC fingerprints after 2 unfoldings by using trichloromethane-acetonitrile-methanol-formic acid (26∶4 ∶1∶1) as the unfolding agent. …”
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Determination of antibiotics in bean sprouts by UHPLC-MS/ MS-internal standard method by ZHANG Xiaoyi, ZHENG Sanyan, ZHANG Xiuyao, LI Ruifen, YANG Shuran

“…ObjectiveTo establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS)-internal standard method for the simultaneous determination of 59 antibiotics, including quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, macrolides and nitroimidazole in bean sprouts.MethodsThe internal standard compounds and 5.0 mL of acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid were added into 5.0 g of the sample, and then extracted by ultrasonication. The extracted supernatant was filtered by 0.22 µm membrane and then injected into 1.0 µL of the sample directly. …”
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iPSC-derived exosomes as amphotericin B carriers: a promising approach to combat cryptococcal meningitis by Jingyu Zhao, Jingyu Zhao, Wei Fang, Yangjie Gao, Jiquan Chen, Guizhen Wang, Julin Gu

“…Amphotericin B (AmB) serves as the cornerstone treatment for CM; however, its clinical application is restricted due to limited penetration of the blood–brain barrier and associated nephrotoxicity.ObjectiveThis study investigates the use of exosomes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-Exos) as carriers for AmB in treating CM, aiming to enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety and reduce AmB toxicity.MethodsExosomes were extracted from iPSC culture supernatants using ultrafiltration and ultracentrifugation. …”
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Virulence factor discovery identifies associations between the Fic gene family and Fap2+ fusobacteria in colorectal cancer microbiomes by Geicho Nakatsu, Duhyun Ko, Monia Michaud, Eric A. Franzosa, Xochitl C. Morgan, Curtis Huttenhower, Wendy S. Garrett

“…Finally, we demonstrate that Fic proteins are synthesized by F. animalis as Fic peptides are detectable in F. animalis monoculture supernatants. Taken together, our study uncovers Fic genes as potential virulence factors in Fap2+ fusobacterial genomes.IMPORTANCEAccumulating data support that bacterial members of the intra-tumoral microbiota critically influence colorectal cancer progression. …”
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Detection Methods for Asparagine and Glutamine Contents in Fruits and Vegetables and Recommendations for Dietary Intake of Fruits and Vegetables in Patients with Urea Cycle Disorde... by YE Xinyu, LI Ziying, TANG Shujun, SUN Liping, ZHAO Yunxia, XIAO Weimin, GU Yaping, KUANG Huiying, CHEN Xin, YANG Guowu, HUANG Yali

“…After enzymatic hydrolysis with Pronase E, samples were treated with butylated hydroxyanisole as an antioxidant. The supernatant was collected for analysis by UPLC-MS/MS. …”
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Distinguishing Compact Objects in Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals by Gravitational Waves by Lujia Xu, Shucheng Yang, Wenbiao Han, Xingyu Zhong, Rundong Tang, Yuanhao Zhang

“…Assuming the “true” GW signals originate from an extended body inspiraling into a supermassive black hole, we compute the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and Bayes factors between a test-particle waveform template and our model, which includes the spin and quadrupole of the compact object. …”
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The Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae protein Mhp274 elicits mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice by Mengqi Xie, Zhongshun Huang, Yun Zhang, Yujie Gan, Huiying Li, Dan Li, Honglei Ding

“…The levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17, in the supernatants of splenocytes and in serum were measured, and the mRNA levels of three cytokines in splenocytes were analyzed. …”
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IL-33 Deficiency Attenuates Lung Inflammation by Inducing Th17 Response and Impacting the Th17/Treg Balance in LPS-Induced ARDS Mice via Dendritic Cells by Li Cheng, Yang Jiao, Wei Jiang, Xin Zhang, Liping Zhang, Gongwei Jia

“…The levels of IL-6 in the supernatant in a dendritic cell culture system were examined by ELISA. …”
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