Modulatory Effect of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on IL1β-Induced RANKL, OPG, TNFα, and IL-6 Expression in Human Rheumatoid Synoviocyte MH7A by Xiaoke Feng, Chengyin Lv, Fang Wang, Ke Gan, Miaojia Zhang, Wenfeng Tan

“…A significantly elevated OPG/RANKL ratio and markedly decreased levels of IL-6 and TNFβ mRNA expression in cells and IL-6 protein in supernatants were observed in IL1β-induced MH7A in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 compared with those in the absence of it. …”
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Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A Induces Inflammatory Cytokine Expression by Activating IGF-I/PI3K/Akt Pathways by Weiping Li, Hongwei Li, Li Zhou, Zijian Wang, Bing Hua

“…The concentration of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in culture supernatants was determined by ELISA. Results showed that PAPP-A significantly stimulated the expression of MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 at both transcriptional and translational levels in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. …”
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Hepatoprotective Role of 4-Octyl Itaconate in Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis by Wenchang Yang, Yaxin Wang, Peng Zhang, Tao Wang, Chengguo Li, Xin Tong, Xiangyu Zeng, Yuping Yin, Kaixiong Tao, Ruidong Li

“…Finally, our study revealed that OI inhibited TNF-α, or supernatants from Con A-treated RAW264.7 cells induced hepatocyte apoptosis. …”
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Comparative Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase Inhibition Profiles Across Various NSAID Forms and Doses: Implications for Efficacy and Adverse Effects by Kenshu Shirakawa, Masafumi Takeno, Hidekazu Kuma, Takaaki Terahara, Shigeki Yamaguchi

“…Methods Human blood and the drug (diclofenac sodium, celecoxib, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, or etodolac) were mixed and incubated, and the supernatant was collected and quantified the COX inhibitory activity of each drug by ELISA. …”
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SDF-1α Facilitates Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Induce Regulatory B Cell Differentiation from Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia by Zhe Chen, Shufen Zhou, Jianyun Li, Hui Li, Can Huang, Qin Guo, Tiantian Zhang, Bingya Yang, Chuanqing Tu, Chengshan Guo

“…To investigate the mechanism of SDF-1α in controlling umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) in inducing regulatory B cell differentiation of patients with ITP, we reconfirmed that SDF-1α promotes the proliferation of MSCs at the low doses of 0.05 μg/mL and 0.1 μg/mL but inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of UC-MSCs at the high doses 0.5 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL; when UC-MSCs are cocultured with SDF-1α at 0.1 μg/mL, the decreased proportion of CD19+/CD24hi/CD38hi cells and IL-10-producing B cells (B 10 cell), considered as the Breg subset from ITP significantly enhanced, and the content of IL-10 in the supernatant is also obviously increased. The proportion of Bregs and the IL-10 secretion could be further promoted by the UC-MSCs treated with 0.1 μg/mL SDF-1α, which could also promote the miRNA-133 expression of UC-MSCs in an exosome-dependent manner; moreover, while the UC-MSCs were transfected with the miR-133 inhibitor, the proportion of induced Bregs decreased obviously when cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ITP. …”
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Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Regulates LPS Induced Inflammation in Rat Macrophages through Autophagy Activation by Zhong-Hui Wang, Wei-Ying Ren, Lei Zhu, Li-Juan Hu

“…ELISA was used to assess the amounts of TNF-α, IL-1β, and PAI-1 in cell culture supernatants; TLR4, MyD88, PAI-1, LC3, Beclin1, and mTOR protein and mRNA levels were determined by western blot and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively; western blot was used to determine NF-κB protein levels. …”
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Evaluating the Performance of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle-Modified Asphalt Binder and Modelling the Viscoelastic Properties by Using Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector M... by Mustafa Alas, Sani Isah Abba, Shaban Ismael Albrka Ali, Abdur Rahim, Nur Izzi Md. Yusoff

“…The effect of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3) on the 60/70 penetration of asphalt cement (AC) was investigated in terms of the physical and rheological characteristics by using the Superpave testing procedures. Al2O3 at 3, 5, and 7% concentrations were blended with 60/70 penetration of grade AC. …”
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Chemokines and Growth Factors Produced by Lymphocytes in the Incompetent Great Saphenous Vein by Ewa Grudzińska, Sławomir Grzegorczyn, Zenon P. Czuba

“…Eotaxin, interleukin 8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 A and 1B (MIP-1A and MIP-1B), interferon gamma-induced protein (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin 5 (IL-5), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed in culture supernatants by a Bio-Plex assay. Higher concentrations of eotaxin and G-CSF were revealed in the incompetent GSV, compared with the concentrations in the patients’ upper limbs. …”
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NETosis Secondary to the Use of Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine: A Likely Underlying Mechanism of Vasculopathy by Manuela Osorio, Isabel Velásquez, Ruben Vargas, Adriana Vanegas-García, Mauricio Rojas, Gloria Vásquez, Carlos Muñoz-Vahos

“…Proinflammatory cytokine levels in culture supernatants and reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis were determined by flow cytometry. …”
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The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and miR17-5p Inhibitor on Multicellular Liver Fibrosis Microtissues by Farnaz Sani, Mina Soufi Zomorrod, Negar Azarpira, Masoud Soleimani

“…Furthermore, we showed that our treatments decreased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and increased albumin levels in the culture supernatant. We also found that both MSC-EXO and MSC-EXO + anti-miR17-5p treatments could reduce ROS production. …”
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PAC-Mediated AKI Protection Is Critically Mediated but Does Not Exclusively Depend on Cell-Derived Microvesicles by H. Dihazi, K. Schwarze, S. Patschan, G. A. Müller, O. Ritter, M. Zeisberg, D. Patschan

“…PAC-derived MV and the vesicle-depleted supernatant were subsequently collected and i.v.-injected after ischemia. …”
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Role of Regulatory B Cells in the Progression of Cervical Cancer by Zhifang Chen, Yuejie Zhu, Rong Du, Nannan Pang, Fengbo Zhang, Di Dong, Jianbing Ding, Yan Ding

“…The level of IL-10 in the culture supernatant of Bregs treated with CpG was significantly higher than that of non-Bregs (P<0.05). …”
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Cytokine Detection and Modulation in Acute Graft vs. Host Disease in Mice by A. C. Knulst, G. J. M. Tibbe, C. Bril-Bazuin, E. G. Breedland, A. van Oudenaren, R. Benner, H. F. J. Savelkoul

“…Serum IL-2 and IL-4 levels were below the detection limit. In the supernatant of Con A stimulated spleen cells from allogeneically reconstituted mice IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α concentrations were increased. …”
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Cytokine and Chemokine Responses of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Dogs Infected with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> by Tyler Morrison, Danielle A. Gunn-Moore, Jayne C. Hope, Conor O’Halloran

“…Isolated PBMCs were stimulated with mycobacterial proteins (PPDB or ESAT-6/CFP-10), and 13 cytokines/chemokines were measured in the supernatant. These concentrations were determined using the CYTOMAG-90K MILLIPLEX MAP Canine Cytokine/Chemokine system. …”
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Release of tumour necrosis factor alpha into bronchial alveolar lavage fluid following antigen challenge in passively sensitized guinea-pigs by D. E. Kelly, M. Denis, D. F. Biggs

“…BAL fluids recovered were centrifuged, the supernatants recovered and frozen until assayed for tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). …”
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Modellazione efficiente agli elementi finiti per l’analisi a collasso di strutture incollate complesse by D. Castagnetti, A. Spaggiari, E. Dragoni

“…Il lavoro verifica l’applicabilità di un modello semplificato agli elementi finiti per l’analisi a collasso post elastico di strutture incollate complesse in parete sottile. Al fine di superare le limitazioni dei modelli di letteratura come l’uso di elementi speciali, il lavoro sfrutta un modello ridotto già presentato dagli autori in campo elastico. …”
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Development of a Recombinant Omicron BA.1 Subunit Vaccine Candidate in Pichia pastoris by Sibel Kalyoncu, Dogu Sayili, Ayca Zeybek Kuyucu, Hakan Soyturk, Seyda Gullu, Busra Ersayan, Ibrahim Oguzhan Tarman, Mehmet Ender Avci, Olcay Mert, Umut Haskok, Ege Tekin, Huseyin Akinturk, Ridvan Orkut, Aysegul Demirtas, Idil Tilmensagir, Ceren Ulker, Bilgi Gungor, Mehmet Inan

“…The receptor binding domain of Omicron BA.1 spike protein (RBD‐Omicron) was produced at 0.35 g/L in supernatant. With a 60% recovery after two‐step purification, RBD‐Omicron showed 99% purity. …”
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Ginsenoside Rg1 Regulates SIRT1 to Ameliorate Sepsis-Induced Lung Inflammation and Injury via Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammation by Qian-Lu Wang, Lei Yang, Yue Peng, Min Gao, Ming-Shi Yang, Wei Xing, Xian-Zhong Xiao

“…Apoptosis of cultured cells was quantified by flow cytometry, along with ELISA for inflammatory cytokines in supernatant. For septic mice, lung tissue pathology was examined, plus ELISA assay for serum cytokines. …”
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Metabolic Phenotyping of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Reveals a Unique Signature and Intrinsic Differences between Fat Pads by Camille Lefevre, Baptiste Panthu, Danielle Naville, Sylvie Guibert, Claudie Pinteur, Bénédicte Elena-Herrmann, Hubert Vidal, Gilles J. P. Rautureau, Anne Mey

“…In this study, we performed high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomic analyses of ASC culture supernatants in order to characterize their metabolic phenotype in culture. …”
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Assessing the Dark Matter Content of Two Quasar Host Galaxies at z ∼ 6 through Gas Kinematics by Qinyue Fei, John D. Silverman, Seiji Fujimoto, Ran Wang, Luis C. Ho, Manuela Bischetti, Stefano Carniani, Michele Ginolfi, Gareth Jones, Roberto Maiolino, Wiphu Rujopakarn, N. M. Förster Schreiber, Juan M. Espejo Salcedo, L. L. Lee

“…Notably, while the masses of these supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are approximately 1 dex higher than the low-redshift relationship with stellar mass, the closer alignment of SMBH and halo masses with a local relationship may indicate that the early formation of these SMBHs is linked to their dark matter halos, providing insights into the coevolution of galaxies and black holes in the early Universe.…”
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