Palmitic Acid Downregulates Thyroglobulin (Tg), Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS), and Thyroperoxidase (TPO) in Human Primary Thyrocytes: A Potential Mechanism by Which Lipotoxicity Af... by Meng Zhao, Xiaohan Zhang, Ling Gao, Yongfeng Song, Chao Xu, Chunxiao Yu, Shanshan Shao, Jiajun Zhao

“…Consistently, upon palmitic acid stimulation, the secreted thyroglobulin levels in supernatants, 131I uptake, and extracellular thyroperoxidase activity were all decreased in a dose-dependent manner. …”
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Influenza A Virus and Influenza B Virus Can Induce Apoptosis via Intrinsic or Extrinsic Pathways and Also via NF-κB in a Time and Dose Dependent Manner by Ibrahim El-Sayed, Khalid Bassiouny, Aziz Nokaly, Ahmed S. Abdelghani, Wael Roshdy

“…To identify host response to influenza A and B viruses on A549 and MDCK II cells at low and high MOIs, expressions of MxA and caspases 3, 8, and 9 and BAD, TNFα, and IκBα genes were measured in the cells supernatants. H1N1 and H3N2 prefer to initially enhance the intrinsic pathway, determined by higher caspase 9 activity in MDCK II cells compared to caspase 8 activity and vice versa in A549 cells at different MOIs, while INF B prefers extrinsic pathway in A549 cells according to significant low or undetectable caspase 9 activity and high activity of caspase 8 but also can induce intrinsic pathway in MDCK II cells as determined by significant low or undetectable activity of caspase 8 and high caspase 9 activity at different MOIs; the considerable MxA expression was found in influenza A and B viruses infected A549 and MDCK II cells at low MOIs. …”
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Role of cytokines and nitric oxide in the induction of tuberculostatic macrophage functions by Vera L. Petricevich, Rosely C. B. Alves

“…Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) activity was assayed by measuring its cytotoxic activity on L-929 cells, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas NO levels were detected by Griess colorimetric reactions in the culture supernatant of macrophages incubated with IFN-γ , TNF or NO and subsequently exposed to either BCG-I or BCG-S. …”
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Erythrocyte Storage Lesion Improvements Mediated by Naringin Screened from Vegetable/Fruit Juice Using Cell Extract and HPLC-MS by Yuqi She, Qiong Liu, Xiyue Xiong, Ning Li, Jian Zhang

“…The blood samples were stored for 35 days at 4°C, and the supernatants were performed high liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis at 0 days, 14 days, and 35 days. …”
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Exosomal miR-543 Inhibits the Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer by Targeting IGF2 by Shupei Zhang, Diling Pan, Shaoyu Zhang, Qiumei Wu, Lan Zhen, Shihuang Liu, Jingjing Chen, Rong Lin, Qiuhua Hong, Xiangqin Zheng, Huan Yi

“…Notably, upregulation of miR-543 led to increased cell supernatant glucose levels and suppressed cell growth, which was rescued by overexpression of IGF2. …”
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Estimating the Asphalt Binder Film Thickness Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy by Fazli Karim, Jawad Hussain, Imran Hafeez

“…Development of state of the art technology and Superpave specification requires the study of actual asphalt binder film thickness at micro-level. …”
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Major Outer Membrane Protein from Legionella pneumophila Inhibits Phagocytosis but Enhances Chemotaxis of RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Regulating the FOXO1/Coronin-1 Axis by Zehui Yang, Yingying Chen, Qiang Zhang, Xiaodong Chen, Ze Deng

“…MOMP could increase the expression levels of MCP-1, IL-10, NOD2, and RIP2 and decrease the expression levels of FOXO1 and coronin-1 in cell culture supernatants. In addition, we found that FOXO1 could promote its transcription by binding to the promoter of coronin-1. …”
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CRP and TNF-α  Induce PAPP-A Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Weiping Li, Hongwei Li, Fusheng Gu

“…The PAPP-A levels in culture supernatants, PAPP-A mRNA expression, and cellular PAPP-A expression were measured in human PBMCs isolated from fresh blood donations provided by 6 healthy volunteers (4 donations per volunteer). …”
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Combination of the Focus-Forming Assay and Digital Automated Imaging Analysis for the Detection of Dengue and Zika Viral Loads in Cultures and Acute Disease by Sara Bolívar-Marin, Irene Bosch, Carlos F. Narváez

“…The combination of the two techniques optimized the FFA, allowing the study of DENV and ZIKV in culture supernatants and clinical specimens from natural infection in hyperendemic areas.…”
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Identification and characterization of antibacterial peptides produced by Lactobacillus plantarum 1407 by Silpa Sajan, Rupachandra Saravanan

“…L. plantarum culture exhibited maximum antibacterial activity at 40 °C, pH 8, and 0.7% salt concentration. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) was concentrated using a 3 kDa ultrafiltration membrane and the peptide fractions (<3 kDa) were further fractionated using Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography. …”
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Neural progenitor cell-derived exosomes in ischemia/reperfusion injury in cardiomyoblasts by Oiva Arvola, Virpi Stigzelius, Minna Ampuja, Riikka Kivelä

“…Ischemia conditioned neuronal cell derived supernatant and experimental stroke has been shown to be injurious to the heart. …”
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Suppression of Matrix Metalloproteinase Production in Nasal Fibroblasts by Tranilast, an Antiallergic Agent, In Vitro by Toshiyuki Shimizu, Kenichi Kanai, Kazuhito Asano, Tadashi Hisamitsu, Harumi Suzaki

“…After 24 hours, the culture supernatants were obtained and assayed for MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 levels by ELISA. …”
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Microenvironment Influence of a Novel Bioengineered Wound Product, APIS®: A Preliminary In Vitro Analysis of Inflammatory Marker and Growth Factor Secretion by Isaac Rodriguez, Tricia Conti, Nina Bionda

“…An additional 72-hour time point for the BWP was assessed to determine if the BWP maintained its activity compared to itself at 24 hours. Cell culture supernatants were assayed to quantify secreted protein levels. …”
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Tropical fruit-derived Lactiplantibacillus as potential probiotic and antifungal agents against Fusarium oxysporum by R. Vasundaradevi, M. Sarvajith, S. Divyashree, N. Deepa, Premila N. Achar, M. Y. Sreenivasa

“…Lpb. argentoratensis MYSVCF5 inhibited F. oxysporum, two ESKAPE group bacteria (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus) plus S. paratyphi and E. coli. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lpb. argentoratensis MYSVCF5 reduced the growth of fungal biomass by 94% and completely inhibited conidial germination, retaining activity even after extended cold storage. …”
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Mapping Temperature Zone of Ethiopia for Binder Performance Grading System by Mahlet G. Mihretu, Habtamu M. Zelelew

“…The second objective involved performing conventional and Superpave binder tests on asphalt samples collected from various ongoing projects. …”
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Rat Hippocampal Neural Stem Cell Modulation Using PDGF, VEGF, PDGF/VEGF, and BDNF by Neus Gomila Pelegri, Catherine A. Gorrie, Jerran Santos

“…At 2 weeks, cells were fixed, and immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine cellular differentiation using antibodies against GFAP, nestin, OSP, and NF200. The cell medium supernatant was also collected during treatment to determine glutaminase levels secreted by the cells as an indicator of neural differentiation. …”
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CTLA-4 Engagement Inhibits Th2 but not Th1 Cell Polarisation by Vanessa Ubaldi, Lucia Gatta, Luigia Pace, Gino Doria, Claudio Pioli

“…In parallel cultures, polarised Th1 and Th2 cells were re-stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs for 48 h and their culture supernatants analysed by ELISA. Results show that CTLA-4 engagement during differentiation inhibits polarisation of naïve CD4+ cells to the Th2 but not the Th1 cell subset. …”
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Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived from Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli Induce Inflammatory Response and Alter the Gene Expression of Junction-Associated Proteins in Human Intestin... by Bahareh Nadalian, Banafsheh Nadalian, Mohammad Reza Zali, Abbas Yadegar

“…Moreover, the secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α into the supernatant of Caco-2 cells upon treatment with OMVs was measured using ELISA. …”
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Inhibitory Substances Produced by Native Lactobacillus plantarum UTNCys5-4 Control Microbial Population Growth in Meat by Gabriela N. Tenea, Juan Martin Guaña

“…This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of antimicrobials produced by the Cys5-4 strain in raw meat applied as pure cell cultures, cell-free supernatant (CFS), and partially purified peptides. …”
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Deteksi Pencemaran Mikroplastik pada Air Lindi di TPA Piyungan Yogyakarta Indonesia by Inggita Utami, Agustina Agustina

“…The research stages include leachate sampling, filtering particles, drying samples, density separation, separation with organic compounds, and filtering supernatants containing microplastics. Identification of microplastics was carried out visually using a microscope, while the identification of polymer types was determined by the Fourier-transform infrared streptoscopy test. …”
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