Trade in Lithuania under Rule of the Nazis by Justinas Braslauskas

“…The policy of subjugation of Lithuania's trade to the needs of the Reich was softened by the Lithuanian administration that was left to function alongside the German occupying civil authorities. …”
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Experimental Investigation of Water-Inrush Risk Based on Permeability Evolution in Coal Mine and Backfill Prevention Discussion by Meng Li, Jixiong Zhang, Weiqing Zhang, Ailing Li, Wei Yin

“…The minimum and maximum permeabilities occurred in the sandstone specimens that were subjected to elastic deformation and strain-softening stages, respectively. The failure, and maximum permeability, of these sandstone specimens did not occur simultaneously. …”
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A simplified damage evolution relationship and deformation characteristics of a pozzolanic lime mortar when subjected to unloading-reloading cycles in the pre-peak region by Kostas Kaklis, Zach Agioutantis, Stelios Mavrigiannakis, Pagona Maravelaki-Kalaitzaki

“…The experi¬ment¬al results showed that the specimens exhibit a strain-softening behavior for uniaxial and low pressure triaxial tests and a strain-hardening behavior for higher triaxial compression tests. …”
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Dual Repurposing of End-of-Life BWRO Membranes: Ultrafiltration Membranes for Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Cation Exchange Membranes for Fungal Microbial Fuel Cells by Anissa Somrani, Mehri Shabani, Zaineb Mohamed, Kholoud Abohelal, Salam S. Alsharari, Ahmed Hannachi, Noreddine Ghaffour, Maxime Pontié

“…The objective of this study is to evaluate the degradation of end-of-life BWRO membranes sourced from a factory in France by analyzing their water permeability, roughness, and chemical composition in order to diagnose the level of degradation incurred during their first life cycle in water softening. Following this, two new applications for the end-of-life BWRO membranes were investigated: (i) as ultrafiltration membranes (UF) for domestic effluent treatment and (ii) as cation exchange membranes (CEM) for use in fungal microbial fuel cells (FMFC). …”
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Modyfication of the Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foams by Bogusław Czupryński, Joanna Liszkowska, Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska

“…It was found that application of polyethylene glycol 1500 for synthesis of foams in amount from 0% to 20% w/w had an effect on reduction of brittleness and softening point, while the greater the increase in compressive strength the higher its content in foam composition was. …”
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Sectional Analysis Procedure for Reinforced Concrete Members Subjected to Pure Torsion by Jongkwon Choi, Seong-Cheol Lee

“…Each reinforced concrete element is analyzed with the modified compression field theory (MCFT) to take into account for compression softening and tension stiffening effects in cracked reinforced concrete. …”
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The Effects of Salt-Lake Salt Solution on the Strength of Expansive Soil by Shaowei Zhang, Dongdong Li

“…With the increase of the concentration of salt-lake solution, liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index, free expansion rate, no load swelling, cohesion, and internal friction angle of expansive soil were decreased in varying degrees, and stress-strain relationship curve gradually showed strain softening trend. The reason for the above results was believed to be that salt-lake salt solution reduced the force between particles on shear surface and reduced mutual hindrance.…”
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Preparation and Performance of Asphalt Compound Modified with Waste Crumb Rubber and Waste Polyethylene by Yuqiao Yang, Youliang Cheng

“…The influence of different doses on the performance of modified asphalt, such as 25°C penetration, softening point, 5°C ductility, and 135°C, 165°C viscosity, was studied, and the modification mechanism of modified asphalt was discussed through the fluorescence microscope. …”
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Refined Rigid Block Model for In-Plane Loaded Masonry by Daniele Baraldi, Claudia Brito De Carvalho Bello, Antonella Cecchi

“…In this case, the proposed model is improved by assuming rigid quadrilateral elements connected by one-dimensional nonlinear interfaces, which are adopted both to represent mortar (or dry) joints between the blocks and also to represent inner potential cracks into the blocks. Furthermore, the softening behavior of interfaces in tension and shear is taken into account. …”
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The Effects of Temperature and Impact Velocity on the Shock Wave Response of Pore-Embedded Metallic Glasses by Indrajit Patra, Ahmed M. Abdulhadi, Fatima Safaa Fahim, Bashar S. Bashar, Taif Alawsi, Mohammad Salmani

“…It was also found that the increase in the impact velocity led to the filling of pore, which was due to the structural softening and the local temperature increment in the vicinity of pore. …”
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Improvement of the Antioxidant Properties and Postharvest Life of Three Exotic Andean Fruits by UV-C Treatment by María J. Andrade-Cuvi, Carlota Moreno, María J. Zaro, Ariel R. Vicente, Analía Concellón

“…UV-C exposure delayed softening in naranjilla and increased soluble solid content in uvilla. …”
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Induced Ripening Agents and Their Effect on Fruit Quality of Banana by S. D. T. Maduwanthi, R. A. U. J. Marapana

“…Ripening is a genetically programmed highly coordinated irreversible phenomenon which includes many biochemical changes including tissue softening, pigment changes, aroma and flavour volatile production, reduction in astringency, and many others. …”
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Influence of Deformation Conditions on the Critical Damage Factor of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy by Li-juan Pang, Xin Shang, Xuefeng Zhang

“…Simulation results show that the maximum damage appears on the outer edge of the upsetting drum, and damage softening behavior is more sensitive to strain rate. …”
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Analytical Solutions for Corrosion-Induced Cohesive Concrete Cracking by Hua-Peng Chen, Nan Xiao

“…The concrete cover for the corroding rebar is modelled as a thick-walled cylinder subject to axisymmetrical displacement constraint at the internal boundary generated by expansive corrosion products. A bilinear softening curve reflecting realistic concrete property, together with the crack band theory for concrete fracture, is applied to model the residual tensile stress in the cracked concrete. …”
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Study on Damage Constitutive Model of High-Concentration Cemented Backfill in Coal Mine by Baogui Yang, Haigang Yang

“…(c) The parameter F0 reflects the position of the peak point of the DCM, and parameter n is the slope of the straight line segment in the postpeak strain softening stage, which are, respectively, used to characterize the strength level and brittleness of HCCB. …”
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Creep Rupture Behavior in Dissimilar Weldment between FB2 and 30Cr1Mo1V Heat-Resistant Steel by Jiankun Xiong, Jianping Yang, Haiyan Zhao, Lin Yang, Yang Guo, Fuheng Nie, Dexing Xu, Liping Yu, Fenghong Cao

“…The samples exhibit a ductile fracture character and fracture in the weld fusion zone, which has a highly heterogeneous microstructure and grains with different morphologies and sizes and an obvious softening. There exist a decrease in the dislocation and precipitate density and an increase in the subgrain size in the weld metal after creep. …”
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Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded 2A12-T4 Aluminum Alloy by Huijie Liu, Yunqiang Zhao, Xingye Su, Lilong Yu, Juncai Hou

“…2A12-T4 aluminum alloy was friction stir spot welded, and the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. A softened microstructural region existed in the joint, and it consisted of stir zone (SZ), thermal mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat affected zone (HAZ). …”
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Effect of B2O3 Content on the Sintering Basic Characteristics of Mixed Ore Powder of Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite and Hematite by Hao Liu, Ke Zhang, Qingfeng Ling, Yuelin Qin

“…In this study, the effects of B2O3 on the assimilation characteristics, softening temperature, fluidity of liquid phase, compressive strength of bonding phase, and microstructure of the mixed fine powder of hematite and vanadium-titanium magnetite (H-VTM) are studied. …”
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Role of Glass Composition on Mechanical Properties of Shape Memory Alloy-Metallic Glass Composites by Supat Chupradit, Indah Raya, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, Dmitry Bokov, Pham Van Tuan, Aravindhan Surendar, Doaa Alaa Lafta, Mustafa M. Kadhim, Olga Kravchenko, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, Zaid Hameed Mahmood, Sami Sajjadifar

“…Nevertheless, the excessive Zr addition in the MG composition facilitated the aggregation of nanopores at the interface of SMA and MGs, which may be due to the softening effect in the Zr-rich MGs. Finally, it is concluded that an optimized MG composition is required for the trade-off between the plasticity and the strength in the SMA-MG composites.…”
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Sistem sosial budaya masyarakat Indonesia dalam kurikulum pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial tingkat menengah pertama by Rohani Rohani, Ishak Abdulhak, As'ari Djohar, M. Fahli Zatrahadi

“…Education has a very close relationship to the change of values and culture, therefore in order to achieve the purity of the culture, education needs to form a strong individual person, in order to achieve a golden Indonesia by not softening existing values and cultures. Therefore, it is important to conduct this research aiming to find out the socio-cultural system of the Indonesian people in the social science learning curriculum for the junior secondary level in the province of Riau. …”
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