Impact of Changes in Rainfall and Temperature on Production of Darjeeling Tea in India by Netrananda Sahu, Rajiv Nayan, Arpita Panda, Ayush Varun, Ravi Kesharwani, Pritiranjan Das, Anil Kumar, Suraj Kumar Mallick, Martand Mani Mishra, Atul Saini, Sumat Prakash Aggarwal, Sridhara Nayak

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Analyzing precipitation trends in the Cholistan Desert, Pakistan: A statistical and GIS-based study by Haider Shamsheir, Haq Fazlul, Mark Bryan G.

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Statistical trend analysis and forecast modeling of air pollutants by A. Jaiswal, C. Samuel, V.M. Kadabgaon

“…Carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide_,sulphur dioxide, particulate matter particles as PM2.5 and PM10 are the pollutants on which the study focuses. Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator tests are used on summer (February-May), monsoon (June-September) and winter (October-January) seasonal data from year 2013 to 2016 and trend results and power of the slopes are estimated.  …”
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Assess the role of climate change and teleconnection signals at maximum temperature, Case study: Khuzestan province by Gholamabbas Fallah Ghalhari, Fahimeh Shakeri

“…To analyze the trend of extreme climatic indices, the Man-Kendall test was used and to estimate the slope of the trend line, the Sen’s estimator was used. …”
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Fitting Probability Distributions and Statistical Trend Analysis of Rainfall of Agro-climatic Zone of West Bengal by Bhawishya Pradhan, Banjul Bhattacharyya, N. Elakkiya and T. Gowthaman

“…To determine the best-fitting distribution and assess trends, 23 different probability distributions were employed, with the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator used for trend analysis. …”
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Investigation of Long Term Trend of Spatio-Temporal changes of Sea Surface Temperature in Oman Sea by Ali Bahri, Younes Khosravi

“…In trend analysis, the Mann-Kendall test was used to determine the trend of SST changes and the Sen's Estimator method was used to examine the slope of the changes. …”
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Investigating the Trend of Changes in some Climatic Elements in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province by Abasali arvin, Abdolazim ghangherme, Davar Hajipour, Mehran Hidari

“…In this study, by using the Mann-Kendall nonparametric method and Sen' s Estimator slope test, the trend of some elements including  precipitation, average of maximum and minimum temperature and the  number of snowy days Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province covers part of Zagros and Zardkohe-Bakhtiari highlands, from which three major rivers including Zayandehrud, Dez and Karun originate. in an annual and monthly scale, was evaluated in  the stations of the province during a period of 30 years (1986-2015). …”
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Statistical Evaluation and Trend Analysis of ANN Based Satellite Products (PERSIANN) for the Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka by Helani Perera, Miyuru B. Gunathilake, Ravindu Panditharathne, Najib Al-mahbashi, Upaka Rathnayake

“…Four categorical indices including probability of detection (POD), false alarm ratio (FAR), critical success index (CSI), and proportional constant (PC) were used to evaluate the rainfall detection capability of SbPPs. Mann‒Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator were used to identifying whether a trend was present while the magnitudes of these were calculated by Sen’s slope. …”
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Temporal Trends and Spatial Patterns of Temperature and Its Extremes over the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region (1960–2014), China by Wei Wei, Baitian Wang, Kebin Zhang, Zhongjie Shi, Genbatu Ge, Xiaohui Yang

“…In order to examine temperature changes and extremes in the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region (BTSSR), ten extreme temperature indices were selected, categorized, and calculated spanning the period 1960–2014, and the spatiotemporal variability and trends of temperature and extremes on multitimescales in the BTSSR were investigated using the Mann-Kendall (M-K) test, Sen’s slope estimator, and linear regression. …”
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SPI-Based Spatiotemporal Drought over Sri Lanka by N. S. Abeysingha, U. R. L. N. Rajapaksha

“…The frequency of drought events was evaluated using SPI, and trend of SPI was also detected using the Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimator. The result based on SPI identified hydrological years 1975-76, 1982-83, 1986-87, 1988-89, 2000-01, 2001-02, 2013-14, and 2016-17 as drought years for 52, 32, 35, 33, 33, 31, 31, and 31% of tested stations (54), respectively, at annual time scale. …”
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Comparison of Different Analyzing Techniques in Identifying Rainfall Trends for Colombo, Sri Lanka by Anushka Perera, Thilini Ranasinghe, Miyuru Gunathilake, Upaka Rathnayake

“…Recorded rainfall data for 10 gauging stations for 30 years were tested using the MannKendall test, Sen’s slope estimator, Spearman’s rho test, and innovative graphical method. …”
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Analysis of spatiotemporal distribution, variability, and trends of rainfall in Wollo area, Northeastern Ethiopia. by Asnake Adane, Birhanu Asmerom

“…The Modified Mann Kendall (MMK) test, Sen's slope estimator and the innovative trend analysis (ITA) were employed to detect temporal changes in rainfall trends over the study period. …”
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Evapotranspiration changes of reference Crop during the growth stages of apple tree in Urmia and Semirom cities by minoo ahmadyan, Bahroz sobhani, sobhani@uma.ac.ir Jahanbakhsh Asl

“…Then, minimum temperature data, maximum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and radiation, potential evapotranspiration have been calculated using Penman- Monteith FAO method, which is more accurate than other models, and using the non-parametric Man-Kendall test and the Sen’s Slope estimator nonparametric Method in the confidence range, 95% evapotranspiration was determined. …”
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Water Accounting and Productivity Analysis to Improve Water Savings of Nile River Basin, East Africa: From Accountability to Sustainability by Hirwa, Hubert, Zhang, Qiuying, Li, Fadong, Qiao, Yunfeng, Measho, Simon, Muhirwa, Fabien, Xu, Ning, Tian, Chao, Cheng, Hefa, Chen, Gang, Ngwijabagabo, Hyacinthe, Turyasingura, Benson, Itangishaka, Auguste Cesar

“…The Mann-Kendall (MK) statistical test and Sen’s slope estimator were applied to detect the trends of climatic factors, and the AquaCrop model was used to simulate the crop yields in response to water balance and consumption based on crop physiological, soil water, and salt budget concepts. …”
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Attribution Identification of Runoff Changes Based on the Budyko Elasticity Coefficient Method: A Case Study of the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Jinghe River in the Yellow River... by Xueliang Wang, Haolin Li, Weidong Huang, Lemin Wei, Junfeng Liu, Rensheng Chen

“…The impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources are a complex and integrated process and a key factor for effective water resource management in semi-arid regions, especially in relation to the Jinghe River basin (JRB), a major tributary of the Yellow River basin. The Sen’s slope estimator and the Mann–Kendall test (M–K test) are implemented to examine the spatial and temporal trends of the hydrological factors, while the elasticity coefficient method based on Budyko’s theory of hydrothermal coupling is employed to quantify the degree of runoff response to the various influencing factors, from 1971 to 2020. …”
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A Comparative Spatiotemporal Analysis for Long-Term Trends of Hydrometeorological Variables in Maritsa River Basin by Mehmet Seren Korkmaz, Kevser Merkür Başkesen, Ertuğrul Sunan

“…For this, precipitation values for the 1982-2023 water years were taken from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) data set, and evapotranspiration values for the 1982-2023 water years were taken from the European Reanalysis 5th Generation-Land (ERA5-Land) data set. The Mann-Kendall, Sen's slope estimator, and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) methods were used to determine trends. …”
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Smallholder farmers' perceptions of climate variability and its risks across agroecological zones in the Ayehu watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia by Abebe Biresaw Bitew, Amare Sewnet Minale

“…We employed the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator to examine the actual trends and magnitude of temperature and rainfall. …”
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Trends of Hydroclimate Variables in the Upper Huai River Basin: Implications of Managing Water Resource for Climate Change Mitigation by Abel Girma, Denghua Yan, Hao Wang, Xinshan Song, Tianlin Qin, Batsuren Dorjsuren, Mohammed Gedefaw, Asaminew Abiyu, Dagim Fikir, Jianwei Wang, Otgonbayar Yadamjav

“…The Mann–Kendall (MK), Sen’s slope test estimator, and innovative trend detection (ф) (ITA) methods were used to detect the trends. …”
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Spatio-temporal rainfall variability and trends using a Kriging-interpolation and Innovative trend analysis approach: the case of Wolaita zone, south Ethiopia by Elias Bojago

“…In this study, ordinary statistical measures, such as the mean and coefficient of variation, precipitation concentration index (PCI), and standardized anomaly index (SAI), were applied to investigate the rainfall variation. Concerning the estimation of the spatiotemporal distribution and magnitude of changes in, non-parametric Mann-Kendall (MK) tests, Sen’s slope estimator, and innovative trend analysis (ITA) were also conducted in ArcGIS 10.8 environment and XLSTAT/R. …”
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Evaluation of Satellite Rainfall Products over the Mahaweli River Basin in Sri Lanka by Helani Perera, Shalinda Fernando, Miyuru B. Gunathilake, T. A. J. G. Sirisena, Upaka Rathnayake

“…Thereafter, statistical analysis was carried out using continuous and categorical evaluation indices to evaluate the accuracy of SRPs. Nonparametric tests, including the Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator tests, were used to detect the possibility of trends and the magnitude, respectively. …”
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