Approaches to implementing and financing primary health care in Kenya: a case of seven counties by Janette Karimi, Salim Hussien, Elizabeth Wangia, Mercy-Irene Kimani, Mohamud Mohamed, Melissa Wanda, Rosemarie Muganda, Rachel Ndirangu, Daniel Mwai, Mercy Wanjala, Fadhila Richter

“…Counties which had achieved high levels of community health unit (CHU) establishment and functionality were more adept at successfully mapping and operationalizing PCNs. All participating counties adopted Sub-County Health Management Teams (SCHMTs) as the MDTs due to staffing limitations at primary care facilities consequently inhibiting the capacity for effective MDT engagement. …”
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Iron supplementation post-blood donation in Vietnam: Impact on hemoglobin, red cell indices, and iron reserves by Viet Pham Tuan, Son Dao Anh, Phong Hoang Van, Tuan Anh Bui Sy

“…Conducted longitudinally within the Hematology Department of a Hanoi hospital from February to July 2023, our study involved 104 eligible participants. They received a daily iron supplement comprising 100 mg of elemental iron, 0.75 mg of folic acid, and 5 mg of zinc sulfate for a minimum of 8 weeks. …”
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Diversity and functions of fungal VOCs with special reference to the multiple bioactivities of the mushroom alcohol by Guohua Yin, Geromy G. Moore, Joan Wennstrom Bennett

“…Based on the research of most VOCs, the functions of different fungal volatile compounds are mainly as follows: inhibitory or synergistic effects on other microorganisms, promoting growth in plants or inducing a defensive response in crops, and participating in the material cycle or affecting the interactions between organisms in the ecosystem. …”
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Neutrophil extracellular traps as an important part of the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps by Valery М. Svistushkin, Galina N. Nikiforova, Boris V. Pinegin, Nina V. Vorobjeva, Artem S. Dekhanov, Yulia A. Dagil, Anna R. Mironova

“…Nasal secretions and venous blood were analyzed in all study participants with the determination of surrogate markers of neutrophil extracellular traps – myeloperoxidase complexes with DNA and the detection of double-stranded DNA (Quant Pico Green dsDNA kit). …”
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Relationships between muscle strength, lung function, and cognitive function in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: A study based on the China health and retirement longitudinal... by Yixuan Ma, Xinze Wu, Yinjiao Zhao, Weihao Hong, Yisheng Luan, Peiyu Song, Bing Zhang

“…Methods: This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) wave 3, including 13 716 participants aged 45 years or older. Cognitive function was assessed through two dimensions, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 31 points, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function. …”
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Inspiratory muscle training facilitates liberation from mechanical ventilation in subacute critically ill patients—a randomized controlled trial by Shu-Jane Wang, Tien-Pei Fang, Tien-Pei Fang, Daniel D. Rowley, Nan-Wei Liu, Jui-O Chen, Jui-Fang Liu, Jui-Fang Liu, Hui-Ling Lin, Hui-Ling Lin, Hui-Ling Lin

“…This study aimed to evaluate whether Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) facilitates weaning from mechanical ventilation and enhances muscle strength in critically ill, subacute adult patients, while examining the relationship between IMT and relevant clinical laboratory values.MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, patients admitted to the intensive care unit requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 2 days, with stable hemodynamics and resolved acute conditions, were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to the IMT or no-IMT group. …”
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Investigar en la escuela: reflexiones teórico-metodológicas by Laura Noemi Chaluh

“…El trabajo fue desarrollado a partir de una investigación cualitativa de orientación socio-histórica que, a partir de una perspectiva dialógica, considera a la investigación como una relación entre sujetos y donde la interacción asume un papel fundamental en la constitución de las subjetividades posibilitando que las profesoras y la investigadora se resignifiquen en el proceso de investigación. …”
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Direct targeting of risk factors significantly increases the detection of liver cirrhosis in primary care: a cross-sectional diagnostic study utilising transient elastography by Guruprasad P Aithal, Indra Neil Guha, Stephen D Ryder, Emilie A Wilkes, David J Harman, Martin W James, Matthew Jelpke, Dominic S Ottey, Timothy R Card

“…Objectives To assess the feasibility of a novel diagnostic algorithm targeting patients with risk factors for chronic liver disease in a community setting.Design Prospective cross-sectional study.Setting Two primary care practices (adult patient population 10 479) in Nottingham, UK.Participants Adult patients (aged 18 years or over) fulfilling one or more selected risk factors for developing chronic liver disease: (1) hazardous alcohol use, (2) type 2 diabetes or (3) persistently elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) liver function enzyme with negative serology.Interventions A serial biomarker algorithm, using a simple blood-based marker (aspartate aminotransferase:ALT ratio for hazardous alcohol users, BARD score for other risk groups) and subsequently liver stiffness measurement using transient elastography (TE).Main outcome measures Diagnosis of clinically significant liver disease (defined as liver stiffness ≥8 kPa); definitive diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.Results We identified 920 patients with the defined risk factors of whom 504 patients agreed to undergo investigation. …”
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Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Five Clinical Questionnaires for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Alirio R. Bastidas, Eduardo Tuta-Quintero, José S. Arias, Diana Cufiño, Diana Moya, Daniel Martin, Faure Rodríguez, Carolina Aponte-Murcia, Doris M. Pumarejo, Maria A. Bejarano, Geraldine Ospina, Lina M. Morales, Adriana M. Portella, Maria D. Barragán, Daniela A. Álvarez, José M. Hernández

“…Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains one of the most prevalent pathologies in the world and is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, partially due to underdiagnosis. The use of clinical questionnaires to identify high-risk individuals to take them to further diagnostic procedures has emerged as a strategy to address this problem. …”
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A review of approaches to the integration of humanitarian and development aid: the case of drought management in the Horn of Africa by Tahira Shariff Mohamed, Todd Andrew Crane, Samuel Derbyshire, Guyo Roba

“…We suggest that this is due in part to the well documented complexity of the aid system, and the forms of bureaucracy and upward accountability that make change extremely difficult, and in part to a lack of meaningful community participation in planning and practice.…”
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INFLUENCE OF EXO- AND ENDOGENOUS FACTORS ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE SPLEEN AS AN IMPORTANT MEDICAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEM OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM by O.V. Mamai, S.M. Bilash, R.M. Grinko

“…Thus, modern literature sources indicate a significant role of the spleen not only in the processes of immune regulation but also in maintaining the body’s homeostasis through participation in hematopoiesis and the body’s response to stress. …”
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Impact of economic shocks on mental health during COVID-19: A longitudinal study of adult residents of Indian metropolitan cities by Zakir Husain, Mousumi Dutta, Saswata Ghosh, Soumitra S. Datta

“…Results: In the present study, 994 adults participated from six metropolitan cities. Average treatment effects were estimated using Propensity Score Matching. …”
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Assessing the Experiences of Sexual and Gender Minority Applicants to Orthopaedic Surgery Residency by Douglas J. Weaver, MD, Tanios Dagher, BS, Ngoc Duong, MS, Sara Winfrey, MD, Alexander Koo, MD, Tessa Balach, MD, FAOA

“…In adjusted logistic regression models, LGBTQ respondents were 3.8 times more likely to report experiencing a hostile environment during training (p = 0.04) and 4.9 times more likely to have reported facing discrimination (p = 0.04) compared with heterosexual participants. Approximately 58% of respondents reported never having interacted with an LGBTQ-identifying orthopaedic attending, with only 5% reporting frequent interaction. …”
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Multilevel analysis of factors associated with suicide attempts: Evidence from 2022/2023 Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey. by Angwach Abrham Asnake, Beminate Lemma Seifu, Bezawit Melak Fente, Hiwot Altaye Asebe, Meklit Melaku Bezie, Yohannes Mekuria Negussie, Zufan Alamrie Asmare, Mamaru Melkam

“…<h4>Results</h4>About 3.60% (95% CI: 3.33%-4.03%) of participants were seriously considered suicide attempt in the past 12 months of before the survey. …”
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Lesbianism: Deconstructing the Christian church and social hierarchies in South Africa by L. Joubert

“…Lesbian[1] spouses and their children are frequently subjected to animosity and rejection from members of the local community, where they choose to participate in religious activities. This is because lesbians and/or lesbian families depart from the so-called heterosexual norm. …”
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Does Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Provide Better Treatment Outcomes in HIV-Infected Individuals in Northern Ethiopia? A Retrospective Cohort Study by Tesfay Mehari Atey, Helen Bitew, Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom, Asrat Endrias, Derbew Fikadu Berhe

“…The study aimed to determine the effect of IPT on the TB incidence, follow-up CD4+ T cells, and all-cause mortality rate. Participants. Eligible patients on ART (n = 1, 863) were categorized into one-to-two ratios of exposed groups to IPT (n = 621) and nonexposed groups to IPT (n = 1, 242). …”
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The care needs of persons with oropharyngeal dysphagia and their informal caregivers: A scoping review. by Aurora Ninfa, Valeria Crispiatico, Nicole Pizzorni, Marta Bassi, Giovanni Casazza, Antonio Schindler, Antonella Delle Fave

“…<h4>Introduction</h4>Besides affecting physical health, Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (OD) entails limitations in daily activities and social participation for both patients and their informal caregivers. …”
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Neuroimaging findings and balance problems after mild traumatic brain injury: A systematic review protocol. by Todd Boscarello, Robby Boparai, Nathan Samson, Alan Rodriguez, Thomas Knoblauch, Cheryl Vanier, Travis Snyder

“…<h4>Inclusion criteria</h4>Studies will include participants of any age or sex who were diagnosed as having mild traumatic brain injury by a medical professional, excluding studies which by design included patients with other conditions diagnosed using neuroimaging findings. …”
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Evaluation of psychosocial work environment among healthcare professionals in cardiac care units by Ralitsa Raycheva, Pavlina Pavlova, Rositsa Dimova

“…Results: The survey included 273 participants, 75.1% of whom were women (n=205). The respondents’ median age was 46, ranging from 35 to 54. …”
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Implementation of Differentiated Learning in Improving Problem-solving Skills in Collaborative Projects Based on Science and Technology by Desy Aprima, Sasmita Sari

“…Through this approach, each student can receive learning that is appropriate to their ability level, allowing them to actively participate in collaborative science and technology projects. …”
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