Effects of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation on Facial Emotion Recognition in Parkinson’s Disease: A Critical Literature Review by S. Kalampokini, E. Lyros, P. Lochner, K. Fassbender, M. M. Unger

“…FER worsening after STN DBS can be attributed to the functional role of the STN in limbic circuits and the interference of STN stimulation with neural networks involved in FER, including the connections of the STN with the limbic part of the basal ganglia and pre- and frontal areas. These outcomes improve our understanding of the role of the STN in the integration of motor, cognitive, and emotional aspects of behaviour in the growing field of affective neuroscience. …”
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Can a Positive Allosteric Modulation of GABAergic Receptors Improve Motor Symptoms in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease? The Potential Role of Zolpidem in the Treatment of Parkinso... by Antonio Daniele, Francesco Panza, Antonio Greco, Giancarlo Logroscino, Davide Seripa

“…Since a high density of zolpidem binding sites is in the two main output structures of the basal ganglia which are abnormally overactive in PD (internal globus pallidus, GPi, and substantia nigra pars reticulata, SNr), it was hypothesized that in PD patients zolpidem may induce through GABAA receptors an inhibition of GPi and SNr (and, possibly, of the subthalamic nucleus also), resulting in an increased activity of motor cortical areas (such as supplementary motor area), which may give rise to improvement of motor symptoms of PD. …”
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Constipation at endocrine diseases by Yu. O. Shulpekova, A. G. Komova

“…Decrease of enterochromaffin cells number and change of intestinal nervous ganglia structure is typical for hereditary endocrine syndromes (APECED, MEN-2). …”
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The Influence of Playing a Non-Reward Game on Motor Ability and Executive Function in Parkinson’s Disease by Alisson Menezes Araújo Lima, Fabiana de Campos Cordeiro Hirata, Gabriela Sales de Bruin, Rosa Maria Salani Mota, Veralice Meireles Sales de Bruin

“…Our results suggest a role for the reward system in the modulation of the dopaminergic function of the basal ganglia in these patients.…”
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Amylin: Localization, Effects on Cerebral Arteries and on Local Cerebral Blood Flow in the Cat by Lars Edvinsson, Peter J. Goadsby, Rolf Uddman

“…We studied the occurrence of amylin in trigeminal ganglia and cerebral blood vessels of the cat with immunocytochemistry and evaluated the role of amylin and adrenomedullin in the cerebral circulation by in vitro and in vivo pharmacology. …”
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The On-Freezing Phenomenon: Cognitive and Behavioral Aspects by Rita Moretti, Paola Torre, Rodolfo M. Antonello, Francesca Esposito, Giuseppe Bellini

“…Differently, the on-freezing phenomenon seems to be related to a neural disruption of the frontal-parietal-basal ganglia-pontine projections; clinically, it does not respond to therapy modifications or to different drug titration. …”
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Treatment Challenges in a Tourette Syndrome Patient with Self-Injurious Behaviour: Case Report and Literature Review by G. Asadauskaitė, G. Jasionytė, M. Karnickas

“…The pathogenesis of Tourette syndrome emphasizes the dysfunction of neuronal networks in the basal ganglia. It leads to impaired inhibition in the sensorimotor cortex of the brain, which results in motor and vocal tics. …”
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Impaired Fas-Fas Ligand Interactions Result in Greater Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice by Xiao-Tang Yin, Tammie L. Keadle, Jessicah Hard, John Herndon, Chloe A. Potter, Chelsea R. Del Rosso, Thomas A. Ferguson, Patrick M. Stuart

“…Clinical studies have indicated that disease is primarily associated with recurrent HSK following reactivation of a latent viral infection of the trigeminal ganglia. One of the key factors that limit inflammation of the cornea is the expression of Fas ligand (FasL). …”
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A systematic review of neurological symptoms and brain abnormalities in SARS-CoV-2 infections by Daniel Montoya, Jacobo Albert, Sarah Lopez-Martin

“…The most affected brain area was the corpus callosum, followed by the lateral ventricles and surrounding areas, the midbrain, the basal ganglia, the internal capsule, the olfactory bulb, the thalamus, the insular cortex, and the amygdala. …”
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A Biopsychosocial Overview of Speech Disorders: Neuroanatomical, Genetic, and Environmental Insights by Diya Jaishankar, Tanvi Raghuram, Bhuvanesh Kumar Raju, Divyanka Swarna, Shriya Parekh, Narendra Chirmule, Vikramsingh Gujar

“…Neuroanatomical structures, such as Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, the arcuate fasciculus, and basal ganglia, along with their connectivity, play critical roles in speech production, comprehension, and motor coordination. …”
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Primary Dural Spinal Lymphoma Presentation of a Rare Spinal Tumor Case by Dilber Ayçiçek Çeçen, Necati Tatarlı, Hikmet Turan Süslü, Selçuk Özdoğan, Nagehan Özdemir Barışık

“…Extranodal primary lymphoma involving nervous system prefers thalamus/basal ganglia, periventricular region, cerebellum, eyes, meninges/dura, and cranial nerves or spinal cord. …”
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Pragmatic algorithm for visual assessment of 4-Repeat tauopathies in [18F]PI-2620 PET Scans by Theresa Bauer, Matthias Brendel, Mirlind Zaganjori, Alexander M. Bernhardt, Alexander Jäck, Sophia Stöcklein, Maximilian Scheifele, Johannes Levin, Thilo van Eimeren, Alexander Drzezga, Osama Sabri, Henryk Barthel, Robert Perneczky, Günter Höglinger, Nicolai Franzmeier, Johannes Gnörich

“…A regional analysis was performed using the cortex, basal ganglia, midbrain, and dentate nucleus. Sensitivity, specificity, and interrater agreement were calculated for all settings and compared against the visual reads of parametric images (0–60-minutes, distribution volume ratios, DVR). …”
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Cognitive Interviewing during Pretesting of the Prefinal Afrikaans for the Western Cape Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire following Translation and Cross-Cul... by Susan de Klerk, Christina Jerosch-Herold, Helen Buchanan, Lana van Niekerk

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Economic valuation of the thermal inertization of asbestos waste—an Italian case study by Silvia Ferrini, Filippo Pampaloni, Francesco Delogu, Giulia Goffetti, Cecilia Viti, Giancarlo Capitani

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A cortico-subcortical loop for motor control via the pontine reticular formation by Emília Bősz, Viktor M. Plattner, László Biró, Kata Kóta, Marco A. Diana, László Acsády

“…Summary: Movement and locomotion are controlled by large neuronal circuits like the cortex-basal ganglia (BG)-thalamus loop. Besides the inhibitory thalamic output, the BG directly control movement via specialized connections with the brainstem. …”
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A pilot exploratory study for analysis of clinical features and plasma catecholamines in blepharospasm by Lixia Zhu, Hongmei Meng, Wuqiong Zhang, Lijuan Wang, Weixuan Zhao, Jiaai Li, Nilupaer Shafeng, Huaiyu Sun, Ting Jiang, Huiqing Liu, Yu Guo, Shuai Hou

“…Abstract Blepharospasm (BSP) is a common focal movement disorder linked to the basal ganglia and plasma catecholamines (CAs). This study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics of BSP patients and explore the relationship with plasma CAs. …”
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Clinical and Imaging Prognosis in Patients with Delayed Encephalopathy after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning by Jinzhi Liu, Zhihua Si, Jie Liu, Yan Lin, Jing Yuan, Shan Xu, Yan He, Tao Zhang, Aihua Wang

“…MRI revealed lesions in the bilateral cerebral white matter and/or basal ganglia. Except for the pathologically confirmed DEACMP, epileptic seizure, hemiplegia, and vegetative state, the remaining symptoms had been improved, especially the cognitive impairment, which had been decreased from 95% to 25% and psychiatric symptoms also decreased from 95% to 55% at the 6-month follow-up. …”
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A realistic human head phantom for electromagnetic detection of brain diseases by Zelin Bai, Diyou Chen, Ke Ma, Gui Jin, Jinlong Qiu, Quanquan Li, Haocheng Li, Mingsheng Chen

“…This article combines high-precision computed tomography (CT) images and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to establish an electromagnetic numerical model of the human head with a real anatomical structure. (1) It had Asian characteristics and encompassed 14 different structures, including skin, muscles, cranial bones, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral veins, cerebral arteries, gray matter, white matter of the brain, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, eyeballs, and vertebrae. (2) The model used a combination of 0.625 mm-resolution CT and 1 mm-resolution MRI image data for reconstruction, with a smooth surface and high accuracy. (3) Within the simulation environment, this model enabled the generation of various brain disease scenarios, such as different types and degrees of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia. …”
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Efficacy of Surgery Combined with Autologous Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Transplantation for Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Jianxin Zhu, Yilei Xiao, Zhongmin Li, Fabin Han, Taiwu Xiao, Zhiti Zhang, Fengyang Geng

“…For transplantation group, BMSCs were injected into the perihemorrhage area in the base ganglia through an intracranial drainage tube 5.5 (3.01–6.89) days after surgery, followed by a second injection into the subarachnoid space through lumbar puncture 4 weeks later. …”
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Lower urinary dysfunction as a long-term effect of childhood vincristine treatment, with potential influences by sex and dose by Nao Iguchi, Ali Teimouri, Duncan T. Wilcox, Anna P. Malykhina, Nicholas G. Cost

“…Significant changes in gene expression levels associated with neuroinflammation and nociception were observed in both the bladder and lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (Ls-DRG) of the VCR group. These findings suggest that VCR exposure during childhood, particularly in males, triggers neuroimmune responses in the bladder and Ls-DRG, amplifying responsiveness to neurotransmitters in the bladder, thereby contributing to LUT dysfunction characterized by a mixed bladder phenotype as a late effect during survivorship.…”
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