Study on the Detection of Dairy Cows’ Self-Protective Behaviors Based on Vision Analysis by Jia Li, Pei Wu, Feilong Kang, Lina Zhang, Chuanzhong Xuan

“…The detection algorithm is used to calculate the number of tail, leg, and head movements by using an artificial neural network. …”
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Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling Based on POD-ARX by Xiaopeng Wang, Chen’an Zhang, Wen Liu, Famin Wang, Zhengyin Ye

“…Sample two-dimensional aerodynamic force calculations are conducted to demonstrate this method. …”
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Efficient amine-assisted CO2 hydrogenation to methanol co-catalyzed by metallic and oxidized sites within ruthenium clusters by Desheng Su, Yinming Wang, Haoyun Sheng, Qihao Yang, Dianhui Pan, Hao Liu, Qiuju Zhang, Sheng Dai, Ziqi Tian, Zhiyi Lu, Liang Chen

“…Density functional theory calculations suggest that metallic Ru forms are preferred for N-formylation step, whereas oxidized Ru species demonstrate enhanced amide hydrogenation activity. …”
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Temporal and Spatial Changes in Soil Quality at Shooting Ranges: A Case Study in Croatia by Željka Zgorelec, Nikica Šprem, Radovan Abramović, Marija Galić, Iva Hrelja, Domina Delač, Toni Safner, Ivica Kisić

“…The intensity of shooting range use (calculated from the age of the lane and the average number of targets used per year) and the distance from the shooting range (−40 m to +240 m) were examined in relation to soil chemical composition and soil quality. …”
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Mean arrival time distributions of extensive air showers at ultrahigh energies by I. F. Hussein, A. A. Al-Rubaiee, A. F. Mkhaiber

“…Parameterized mean arrival time distributions were calculated for secondary particles e-, e+, and μ, created by proton, iron, and oxygen nuclei at energy 1019 eV in a vertical shower. …”
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Immunologic Biomarkers for Accurate Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infection in Patients with Malignancy: Procalcitonin in Comparison with C-Reactive Protein by Mansoureh Shokripour, Navid Omidifar, Kourosh Salami, Mohsen Moghadami, Babak Samizadeh

“…Purpose. To calculate the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels for the pathologic presence of microbes in the bloodstream of patients with malignancy, in comparison with blood culture. …”
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Study on Stress Relief of Hard Roof Based on Presplitting and Deep Hole Blasting by Peng Gong, Yongheng Chen, Zhanguo Ma, Shixing Cheng

“…For the problem that the hard roof causes wider end-mining coal pillar, and the roadway is greatly affected by mining, this paper took Shanxi Luning Coal Mine as the engineering background; based on the stress distribution characteristics of the coal pillar, the calculation method of the limit end-mining coal pillar size was given; considering the formation conditions and transmission forms of the advanced abutment stress, a method combining presplitting and deep hole blasting was proposed to weaken the advanced abutment stress. …”
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Gradient Method with Step Adaptation by Vladimir Krutikov, Elena Tovbis, Svetlana Gutova, Ivan Rozhnov, Lev Kazakovtsev

“…Such methods require only the gradient of the function to be calculated at the iteration. Optimization of the parameters of the step adaptation algorithms enables us to obtain methods that significantly exceed the steepest descent method in terms of convergence rate. …”
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Potential for Lowering Greenhouse Gas Emissions With the Addition of Hydrogen or Ammonia to Different Natural Gas Compositions—Application in Internal Combustion Engines by Christina Ingo, Jessica Tuuf, Margareta Björklund‐Sänkiaho

“…In this study, the CO2eq emission intensity was calculated for different NG compositions blended with hydrogen or ammonia while the mixture was within the gas quality specifications. …”
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Strength Model for Concrete in Near-Reinforcement Region by Vladimir I. Kolchunov, Natalia V. Fedorova, Tatiana A. Iliushchenko

“…The use of the adopted assumptions and a multi-level calculation approach for the near-reinforcement region brings the model significantly closer to a real evaluation of the physical phenomena.…”
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The evolution patterns of active functional groups and reaction pathways during the low-temperature oxidation process of coal by CHEN Xiangyuan, LIU Xingyu, YAO Yutong, ZHAO Zining

“…Based on the quantum chemistry theory, we conducted structural optimization, transition state configuration analysis, thermodynamic parameter calculations and intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) computations on the constructed coal molecular models by using GaussView 6.0 and Gaussian 16. …”
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Effects of CdS Buffer Layers on Photoluminescence Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cells by A. Le Donne, S. Marchionna, P. Garattini, R. A. Mereu, M. Acciarri, S. Binetti

“…Broad bands at 1.075 eV and 0.85 eV were detected for the first time under below bandgap excitation of the as-grown CZTS samples at low temperature, which were explained in terms of radiative transitions involving point defect-related levels determined in the literature by first-principles calculations. The emissions observed in the as-grown samples were monitored by both above and below bandgap excitations also in standard CZTS solar cells produced on the same layers. …”
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Two-Layer Optimization Algorithm for Multi-UAV Conflict Resolution considering Individual Fairness by Xusheng Gan, Honghong Zhang, Yarong Wu, Jingjuan Sun, Guhao Zhao, Fugen Lin

“…The final simulation results show that the APF-GA hybrid solution strategy has the best efficiency by combining the three evaluation indicators of calculation time, feasibility, and system efficiency. …”
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Boosting the synthesis of 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine: understanding the significant role of homogeneous Cl - by Delong Yang, Jinhang Dai, Ziting Du, Qingya Cao, Gang Chen, Ting Qi, Weilu Wang, Fukun Li

“…Experiment results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that homogeneous Cl− was vital for 3A5AF formation. …”
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Actinic Keratosis Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Appraisal of Quality by Joslyn S. Kirby, Thomas Scharnitz, Elizabeth V. Seiverling, Hadjh Ahrns, Sara Ferguson

“…Multiple raters independently reviewed each of the guidelines and applied the AGREE II tool and scores were calculated. Overall, 2,307 citations were identified and 7 fulfilled the study criteria. …”
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Statistical Downscaling for Rainfall Forecasts Using Modified Constructed Analog Method in Thailand by Patchalai Anuchaivong, Dusadee Sukawat, Anirut Luadsong

“…In this research, the MCAM was used to calculate the Euclidean distance to obtain the number of analog days. …”
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Prediction of Extrathyroidal Extension Using Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography by Doh Young Lee, Tack-Kyun Kwon, Myung-Whun Sung, Kwang Hyun Kim, J. Hun Hah

“…We analyzed the medical records of 377 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with preoperative US and CT scan to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of characteristics imaging features (such as contact and disruption of thyroid capsule) for the presence of ETE in postoperative pathologic examination. …”
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Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and crystal voids of 4-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole by Atash V. Gurbanov, Tuncer Hökelek, Gunay Z. Mammadova, Khudayar I. Hasanov, Tahir A. Javadzade, Alebel N. Belay

“…The volume of the crystal voids and the percentage of free space were calculated to be 25.60 Å3 and 3.73%, showing that there is no large cavity in the crystal.…”
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Spatially Explicit Assessment of Ecosystem Resilience: An Approach to Adapt to Climate Changes by Haiming Yan, Jinyan Zhan, Bing Liu, Wei Huang, Zhihui Li

“…Based on the remote sensing data and forest inventory data and so forth, the resilience index of forests was calculated. The result suggests that there is significant spatial heterogeneity of the ecosystem resilience of forests, indicating it is feasible to generate large-scale ecosystem resilience maps with this assessment model, and the results can provide a scientific basis for the conservation of forests, which is of great significance to the climate change mitigation.…”
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Enhanced defect sensing technology in turbid water environments using multi-beam sonar by Wenhui Wang, Yikai Li, Rufei He, Yao Li

“…By employing the weighted time average (WMT) algorithm, we calculate the time window for each beam within the water environment. …”
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