Early risk assessment in paediatric and adult household contacts of confirmed tuberculosis cases by novel diagnostic tests (ERASE-TB): protocol for a prospective, non-interventiona... by Ursula Panzner, Katharina Kranzer, Tsitsi Bandason, Kuda Mutasa, Sandra Rukobo, Charles Sandy, Bariki Mtafya, Andrea Rachow, Norbert Heinrich, Michael Hoelscher, Judith Bruchfeld, Olena Ivanova, Nyanda Elias Ntinginya, Doreen Pamba, Laura Olbrich, Issa Sabi, Simeon Mwanyonga, Elmar Saathoff, Willyhelmina Olomi, Junior Mutsvangwa, Hazel M Dockrell, Edson Tawanda Marambire, Denise Banze, Alfred Mfinanga, Theodora D Mbunda, Khosa Celso, Gunilla Kallenius, Claire J Calderwood, Christof Geldmacher, Kathrin Held, Tejaswi Appalarowthu, Friedrich Rieß, Anna Shepherd, Christopher Sundling, Mishelle Mugava, Martha Chipinduro, Lwitiho Sudi, Antelmo Haule, Emmanuel Sichone, Paschal Qwaray, Harrieth Mwambola, Lilian Minja, Peter Edwin, Dogo Ngalison, Stella Luswema, Celina Nhamuave, António Machiana, Carla Madeira, Emelva Manhiça, Nádia Sitoe, Jorge Ribeiro

“…Statistical analyses will include assessment of diagnostic accuracy by constructing receiver operating curves and calculation of sensitivity and specificity.Ethics and dissemination ERASE-TB has been approved by regulatory and ethical committees in each African country and by each partner organisation. …”
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Correlation between immune signature and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level in stage II/III colorectal cancer by Yun Wang, Xiao‐qiang Sun, Hao‐cheng Lin, De‐shen Wang, Zhi‐qiang Wang, Qiong Shao, Feng‐hua Wang, Shu‐mei Yan, Jie‐ying Liang, Zhao‐lei Zeng, Huai‐qiang Ju, Rui‐hua Xu, Yu‐hong Li

“…Using immunohistochemistry, tumor tissues were stained with antibodies against CD3, CD8, CD163, iNOS, Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), and CD33. We calculated the density of positively‐stained infiltrating cells in the tumor center (TC) and invasive margin (IM). …”
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A new preprocedural predictive risk model for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: The SuPER model by Mitsuru Sugimoto, Tadayuki Takagi, Tomohiro Suzuki, Hiroshi Shimizu, Goro Shibukawa, Yuki Nakajima, Yutaro Takeda, Yuki Noguchi, Reiko Kobayashi, Hidemichi Imamura, Hiroyuki Asama, Naoki Konno, Yuichi Waragai, Hidenobu Akatsuka, Rei Suzuki, Takuto Hikichi, Hiromasa Ohira

“…Results: In the development cohort, five PEP risk factors that could be identified before ERCP were extracted and assigned weights according to their respective regression coefficients: –2 points for pancreatic calcification, 1 point for female sex, and 2 points for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, a native papilla of Vater, or the pancreatic duct procedures (treated as ‘planned pancreatic duct procedures’ for calculating the score before ERCP). The PEP occurrence rate was 0% among low-risk patients (≤0 points), 5.5% among moderate-risk patients (1–3 points), and 20.2% among high-risk patients (4–7 points). …”
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Five-Year Follow-Up of a Slowly Resorbable Biosynthetic P4HB Mesh (Phasix) in VHWG Grade 3 Incisional Hernia Repair by L. M. Van den Dop, MD, M. M. J. Van Rooijen, MD, PhD, T. Tollens, MD, L. N. Jørgensen, MD, PhD, T. S. De Vries-Reilingh, MD, PhD, G. Piessen, MD, PhD, F. Köckerling, MD, PhD, M. Miserez, MD, PhD, M. Dean, MD, F. Berrevoet, MD, PhD, B. Dousset, MD, PhD, H. L. Van Westreenen, MD, PhD, F. Gossetti, MD, PhD, G. W. M. Tetteroo, MD, PhD, A. Koch, MD, PhD, M. F. Boomsma, MD, PhD, J. F. Lange, MD, PhD, J. Jeekel, MD, PhD

“…A recurrence rate of 15.9% (95% confidence interval: 6.9–24.8) was calculated after 5 years. Four new recurrences (6.6%) were found between 2 and 5 years. …”
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Interaction between walkability and fine particulate matter on ischemic heart disease: A prospective cohort study in China by Jiayun Zhang, Peng Shen, Yixing Wang, Zihan Li, Lisha Xu, Jie Qiu, Jingjing Hu, Zongming Yang, Yonghao Wu, Zhanghang Zhu, Hongbo Lin, Zhiqin Jiang, Liming Shui, Mengling Tang, Mingjuan Jin, Feng Tong, Kun Chen, Jianbing Wang

“…Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were calculated using two Cox proportional hazards models: one based on two-year average PM2.5 levels prior to baseline, and the other incorporating time-varying PM2.5 assessed on a monthly scale. …”
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Passive exposure and perceptions of smoke-free policies in hospital and university campuses among nursing students: A cross-sectional multicenter study by Marcela Fu, Yolanda Castellano, Kenza Laroussy, Antoni Baena, Mercè Margalef, Ariadna Feliu, Jordi Galimany-Masclans, Montse Puig-Llobet, Carmen Moreno-Arroyo, Raül Sancho, Albert Bueno, Antonio López, Joseph Guydish, Esteve Fernández, Cristina Martínez

“…We performed descriptive analyses and calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). …”
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Difference Analysis of Organic Matter Enrichment Mechanisms in Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian Shale from the Yangtze Region of Southern China and Its Geological Significance in Sh... by Ming Wen, Zhenxue Jiang, Kun Zhang, Yan Song, Shu Jiang, Chengzao Jia, Weiwei Liu, Yizhou Huang, Tianlin Liu, Xuelian Xie, Yue Sun, Shichao Fan, Xiangni Cao, Lin Zhu, Chuanxun Zhou

“…Based on the core sample description, well logging data analysis, mineral and elemental composition analysis, silicon isotope analysis, and TOC (total organic carbon) content analysis, the upper Ordovician-lower Silurian shale is studied to quantitatively calculate its content of excess silicon. Subsequently, the results of elemental analysis and silicon isotope analysis are used to determine the origin of excess silicon. …”
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Salt tolerance evaluation and key salt-tolerant traits at germination stage of upland cotton by Mengjie An, Xinhui Huang, Yilei Long, Yin Wang, Yanping Tan, Zhen Qin, Xiantao Ai, Yan Wang

“…The results showed that the 308 germplasms were classified into five classes through cluster analysis, i.e, (1) highly salt-tolerant germplasms (HST, 49), (2) salt-tolerant germplasms (ST, 169), (3) moderately salt-tolerant class (MST,43), (4) lowly salt-tolerant germplasms (LST, 16), and (5) non-salt-tolerant germplasms (NST, 31). By calculating the salt tolerance index (STI) of various cotton germination and growth parameters and principal component analysis, combined with the correlation analysis and linear regression between mean membership function value (MFV) and STI, the key indexes of cotton germination and growth under salt stress, including total fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, and shoot length, were determined. …”
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Exploring using HBsAg to predict interferon treatment course to achieve clinical cure in chronic hepatitis B patients: a clinical study by Fei Yan, Fei Tang, Jing Chen, YiCheng Lin, XinYu Chen, Qin Du, WeiLi Yin, Jing Liang, Lei Liu, Fang Wang, BaiGuo Xu, Qing Ye, HuiLing Xiang

“…The actual and predicted values in the validation cohort were highly matched, meanwhile the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and accuracy (ACC) of the validation cohort were calculated. External validation also suggests that the model can be used as a tool for initial assessment.ConclusionBaseline HBsAg in chronic hepatitis B patients were a risk factor for prolonged IFN treatment course with a positive correlation. …”
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Body Composition in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: Correlation with Disease Severity and Duration by Dawesh P. Yadav, Saurabh Kedia, Kumble Seetharama Madhusudhan, Sawan Bopanna, Sandeep Goyal, Saransh Jain, Naval K. Vikram, Raju Sharma, Govind K. Makharia, Vineet Ahuja

“…Lean mass and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated with standard formulae. Visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SCA), and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (VF/SC) were evaluated in CD patients on abdominal CT. …”
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The steps that young people and suicide prevention professionals think the social media industry and policymakers should take to improve online safety. A nested cross-sectional stu... by Jo Robinson, Jo Robinson, Pinar Thorn, Pinar Thorn, Samuel McKay, Samuel McKay, Hannah Richards, Hannah Richards, Rikki Battersby-Coulter, Rikki Battersby-Coulter, Michelle Lamblin, Michelle Lamblin, Laura Hemming, Laura Hemming, Laura Hemming, Louise La Sala, Louise La Sala

“…The proportion of participants “strongly agreeing”, “somewhat agreeing”, “neither agreeing nor disagreeing”, and “somewhat disagreeing” or “strongly disagreeing” for each item were calculated; items that achieved =>80% of agreement from both panels were strongly endorsed.ResultsThere was limited consensus across the two groups regarding the utility of the safety strategies currently employed by companies. …”
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Association between exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with estimated glomerular filtration rate: Mediating role of serum albumin by Hua Fang, Huajing Chang, Danjing Chen, Wenxin Qiu, Jiangwang Fang, Yunli Wu, Xian-E. Peng

“…The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using standardized creatinine. Associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) with eGFR and the risk of decreased renal function (eGFR < 90 vs. eGFR ≥ 90) using linear and logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses. …”
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Intraurban socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy: a population-based cross-sectional analysis in the city of Córdoba, Argentina (2015–2018) by Ana V Diez Roux, Usama Bilal, D Alex Quistberg, Kari A Moore, Harrison Quick, Santiago Rodríguez López, Natalia Tumas, Binod Acharya, Gabriel E Acevedo

“…We summarised variability in life expectancy at birth by using the difference between the 90th and 10th percentile of the distribution of life expectancy across small areas (P90-P10 gap) and evaluated associations with small-area socioeconomic characteristics by calculating a Slope Index of Inequality in linear regression.Primary outcome Life expectancy at birth.Results The median life expectancy at birth was 80.3 years in women (P90-P10 gap=3.2 years) and 75.1 years in men (P90-P10 gap=4.6 years). …”
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Knee phenotypes distribution according to CPAK classification in Turkish population by Vahit Emre Özden, Göksel Dikmen, Kayahan Karaytuğ, Arda Mavi, Yılmaz Onat Köylüoğlu, İsmail Remzi Tözün

“…The medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) were used to calculate aHKA and JLO. The Sectra workstation program was used for all radiological measurements. …”
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Implications of prognostic nutritional index in predicting adverse outcomes of uncontrolled diabetic patients: a cohort study of the national health and nutrition examination surve... by Fei Liu, Zhili Jiang, Wei Luo, Yunxiao Yang, Shuai Guo, Jiayi Yi, Geng Shen, Wei Li, Lin Wang, Xiuhuan Chen, Zhaogong Zhi, Tian Liu, Xuedong Zhao, Chen Li, Hai Gao

“…A total of 3,313 participants with uncontrolled DM were included in our analyses. PNI was calculated as 5×lymphocyte count (109/L)+ 10×serum albumin (g/L). …”
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The efficacy of sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Hongsheng Li, Yanli Hou, Wenyong Xin, Lina Ding, Ying Yang, Yikun Zhang, Wenqi Wu, Zhibin Wang, Wenyu Ding

“…The mean differences (MD or SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated via random-effects models. Eleven articles (n = 805 patients with NAFLD) were included in this study. …”
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Robotic-assisted surgery and kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty (RASKAL study): a protocol of a national registry-nested, multicentre, 2×2 factorial randomised trial as... by Ian A Harris, Samuel J MacDessi, Aziz Bhimani, Darren B Chen, Ian Harris, Michelle Lorimer, David Parker, Tamara Hooper, Richard Boyle, Jonathan Mulford, Daniel Franks, Gregory C Wernecke, Durga Bastiras, Emma Heath, Anthony Leong, Brett Fristch, David Penn, George Kirsh, John Limbers, Julian Yu, Maurice Guzman, Peter McEwen

“…Kaplan-Meier estimates with adjusted HRs of implant survivorship will be calculated.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was obtained from Sydney Local Health District-Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (Approval X20-0494 and 2020/ETH02896 10.24/DEC20). …”
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Outcome evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis for an integrated multidisciplinary diabetic limb salvage program: a combined observational and simulation study by Yan Sun, Xiaoli Zhu, Jaime Lin, John Abisheganaden, Zhiwen Joseph Lo, Lixia Ge, Joseph Molina, Elaine Tan, Huiling Liew, Jeremy Hoe, Gary Ang, Kai Qiang Low, Theophilus Yap, Nur Aberleen Syafirah Binte Azmi, Enming Yong, Tiffany Chew, Hui Yan Koo, Chelsea Law, Dexter Yak Seng Chan, Claris Shi, Julia Choo, Wai Han Hoi, Sadhana Chandraskear, Jo Ann Lim, Jemes Siow, Sabariah Binte Kaspon, Subramaniam Tavintharan, Daniel Chew

“…The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated for the DEFINITE Care program relative to routine care.Results The estimation of average treatment effects based on propensity scores showed that the DEFINITE Care group exhibited a 9% lower mortality, 5% higher lower extremity amputation (LEA)-free survival, yet a 5% higher minor LEA rate compared with the matched historical controls. …”
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Fluid balance and clinical outcomes in patients with aortic dissection: a retrospective case-control study based on ICU databases by Tao Chen, Peng Qiu, Yixuan Li, Xinwu Lu, Zhaoyu Wu, Zhijue Xu, Hongji Pu, Jiahao Lei, Zhuojing Zhang, Xinrui Yang, Ruihua Wang

“…This paper explores the role of fluid management in the clinical care of AD patients, which has been unclear despite the substantial existing research that has been conducted on the treatment of AD.Design A retrospective case-control study using data for AD patients from public databases.Setting Two public intensive care unit (ICU) databases with hospital courses from the USA, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV critical care dataset and the eICU Collaborative Research Database, with data from 2008 to 2019.Participants A total of 751 adult AD patients with detailed fluid management records from two databases were included.Interventions The mean 24-hour intake and output were calculated by dividing the total amount of intake and output by the number of days in the ICU, respectively. …”
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The Inhibitory Effect of Connective Tissue Growth Factor Antibody on Postoperative Fibrosis in a Rabbit Model of Trabeculectomy by Kiana Hassanpour, Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi, Narsis Daftarian, Azadeh Samaeili, Fatemeh Suri, Mohammad Pakravan, Azadeh Doozandeh, Sasha Afsar Aski, Maryam Fakhri, Afrooz Moghaddasi, Hamid Ahmadieh, Hamed Esfandiari

“…The mean H-SCORE of α-SMA-immune reactive cells calculated as the grade of staining multiplied by the percentage of immune stained cells was 14.6, 10.22, and 140.58 in the anti-CTGF, MMC, and control groups, respectively. …”
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