Timing of risk factors, prodromal features, and comorbidities of dementia from a large health claims case–control study by Stefan Teipel, Manas Akmatov, Bernhard Michalowsky, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Jens Bohlken, Jakob Holstiege

“…We selected exposures based on previous systematic reviews, case–control and cohort studies reporting on risk factors, comorbidities, and prodromal features of dementia. We calculated the prevalence of risk factors in cases and controls and odds ratios for each year before the index date, along with Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals, using conditional logistic regression. …”
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Wealth-based inequality in underweight among Scheduled Tribe women in India: a regional analysis by Anshika Singh, Aditya Singh, Mahashweta Chakrabarty, Shivani Singh, Pooja Tripathi

“…Wealth-based inequality in underweight was assessed using the Erreygers normalized concentration index (ECI), while predicted probabilities of underweight, adjusted for relevant variables, were calculated using binary logistic regression. Findings Between 2015-16 and 2019-21, underweight prevalence among ST women in India decreased from 31.7 to 25.5%, with all regions showing declines. …”
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Application value of central venous-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference in postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with acute aortic dissection by Lei Wang, Zhen Hong Wang, Duan Qi Zhu, Xin Yi Xie, Xin Chen, Xiao Liang Wang

“…The partial PV-aCO2 was calculated. Based on the average PV-aCO2 value, patients were divided into an observation group (PV-aCO2 > 6 mmHg, n = 112) and a control group (PV-aCO2 < 6 mmHg, n = 124). …”
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Two-Dimensional Shear-Wave Elastography: Accuracy in Liver Fibrosis Staging Using Magnetic Resonance Elastography as the Reference Standard by Puwitch Charoenchue, Jiraporn Khorana, Taned Chitapanarux, Nakarin Inmutto, Wittanee Na Chiangmai, Amonlaya Amantakul, Suwalee Pojchamarnwiputh, Apichat Tantraworasin

“…Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and likelihood ratios were calculated for various 2D-SWE thresholds. <b>Results:</b> At a 2D-SWE cut-off of 7.0 kPa, sensitivity for detecting ≥F2 fibrosis was 100% with a specificity of 85.7% and a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 7.0. …”
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Effect of probiotics combined with immune checkpoint suppressors and chemotherapeutic agents on digestive system function, intestinal immunity and prognosis in patients with metast... by Xiaolei Wang, Yuxia Huang, Zhen Yang, Yang Yang, Fenfen Wei, Min Yan, Fanfan Li, Chenghao Wang

“…Survival and complication rates after 6 months, 12 months and 2 years of treatment were calculated. Intestinal barrier function, immune function and quality of life were analyzed before and after treatment. …”
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Causal Relationships Between Blood Lipid Levels and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis by Huang P, Zhao Y, Wei H, Wu W, Guo Z, Ma S, Xu M, Wang Q, Jia C, Xiang T, Li H

“…The primary analytical technique employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach, which included a 95% confidence interval (CI) to calculate the odds ratio (OR). Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the dependability of the MR analysis outcomes.Results: MR analysis was primarily based on IVW, unveiled a causal link between COPD and LDL-C (OR=0.994, 95% CI (0.989, 0.999), P=0.019), TG (OR=1.005, 95% CI (1.002, 1.009), P=0.006), and apoA-I (OR=0.995, 95% CI (0.992, 0.999), P=0.008), in addition, no causal link was found with HDL-C, TC, apoB. …”
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To Develop Biomarkers for Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Genes Related to Fibrosis and Propionate Metabolism and Their Functional Validation by Sha Li, Jingshan Chen, Wenjing Zhou, Yonglan Liu, Di Zhang, Qian Yang, Yuerong Feng, Chunli Cha, Li Li, Guoyong He, Jun Li

“…The PMRG scores of the DN samples were calculated based on PMRGs. The samples were divided into the high and low PMRG score groups according to the median scores. …”
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Associations of PM2.5 and its components with term preterm rupture of membranes: a retrospective study by Jiangxia Qin, Weiling Liu, Haidong Zou, Chong Zeng, Cifeng Gao, Weiqi Liu

“…Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the associations of exposure to PM2.5 and its components with the risk of TPROM. …”
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Using CT imaging to identify sarcopenia as a risk factor for severe falls in older adults by Nadja Fries, Angeliki Kotti, Mischa Woisetschläger, Anna Spångeus

“…Skeletal muscle index ratio (SMI-ratio) was calculated using SKM cm2/height m2 and divided with previous described cut off values for sarcopenia. …”
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Microperimetry as a tool to assess retinal functional parameters in patients with recurrent macular hole by R.R. Fayzrakhmanov, E.A. Larina, O.A. Pavlovskiy

“…Macular integrity index was calculated. 12-point retinal sensitivity within 3 circles (small, medium, and large) was evaluated. …”
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Pharmacokinetic Characterisation and Comparison of Bioavailability of Intranasal Fentanyl, Transmucosal, and Intravenous Administration through a Three-Way Crossover Study in 24 He... by S. Nardi-Hiebl, J. W. Ndieyira, Y. Al Enzi, W. Al Akkad, T. Koch, G. Geldner, C. Reyher, L. H. J. Eberhart

“…The pharmacokinetics of one intranasal puff of fentanyl formulation (47 μg, 140 mL per puff), one short intravenous infusion of 50 μg fentanyl, and one lozenge with an integrated applicator (200 μg fentanyl) were studied, and bioavailability was calculated. Blood samples were collected over 12 hours, and plasma concentrations of fentanyl were determined by HPLC with MS/MS detection. …”
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Adaptation of global primary production model to the Greenland Sea conditions: parameterization and monitoring for 1998-2022 by Aleksandra Cherkasheva, Rustam Manurov, Piotr Kowalczuk, Alexandra N. Loginova, Monika Zabłocka, Astrid Bracher, Astrid Bracher

“…Here, we aim to improve the quality of Greenland Sea primary production estimates, by testing different versions of primary production model against in situ data and then calculating regional estimates and trends for 1998-2022 for those performing best. …”
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Functional outcomes in early (T1/T2) supraglottic cancer: a systematic review by Benjamin van der Woerd, Krupal B. Patel, Anthony C. Nichols, Kevin Fung, John Yoo, S. Danielle MacNeil

“…Four papers reported permanent G-tube rate for the surgical group (n = 198), calculating a rate of 5.3% (95% CI 2.6–10.5%), this was not reported for the RT group in any papers. …”
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Diffusion MRI-based analysis of functional alterations of the glymphatic system in children with non-lesional epilepsy by Bixia Wu, Gengbiao Zhang, Yanting Wang, Hongyi Zheng, Hui Tan, Wenbin Zheng

“…The ALPS index and fractional volume of free water in white matter (FW-WM) in the brain were calculated to analyze the differences between groups and the correlation between the corresponding parameters and clinical indicators such as age of onset, duration of the disease, seizure frequency, and seizure duration. …”
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Pulmonary aspiration during pregnancy or immediately postpartum in the UK: A population-based case-control study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] by Ruth Tunn, Marian Knight, Alison Gooda, Nuala Lucas

“…Controls (n=1982) were obtained from four UKOSS studies conducted between 2005 and 2014. We calculated the incidence of pulmonary aspiration using 2013–2015 maternities as the denominator. …”
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Analysis of the predictive value of the prostate-specific antigen-to-neutrophil ratio for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by Yuxuan Chen, Haisheng Yan, Yaoqin Xu, Kexin Chen, Runqin Yang, Jiali Yang, Ruian Zhu, Rui Lin, Jiang Wang, Jie Liu, Pingsheng Gao, Lei Pang, Lexin Wang

“…Based on this, we combined PSA and absolute neutrophil counts to calculate the total PSA to absolute neutrophil ratio (PNR), which is higher in patients with prostate cancer and lower in those with benign conditions. …”
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The assessment of routine health information system performance towards improvement of quality of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health services in Ondo and... by Victoria Oladoyin, Sunday Adedini, Kayode Ijadunola, Hassan Ogunwemimo, Olubunmi Folorunso, Elizabeth Chukwu, Ugo Okoli, Anthony Adoghe, Samuel Oyeniyi, Oniyire Adetiloye, Adesegun Fatusi

“…Also, 70.1% (Ondo) and 78% (Ekiti) of facilities had quality improvement (QI) teams (p = 0.338); 53.5% (Ondo) and 77.1% (Ekiti) of QI teams regularly extracted data, calculated, and visualised prioritized indicators (p = 0.007); while 72.1% (Ondo) and 79.2% (Ekiti) regularly reviewed data and used it to make QI decisions (p = 0.367).…”
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The burden of depression, anxiety and schizophrenia among the older population in ageing and aged countries: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 by Wu Hong, Ying Cheng, Yu Fang, Jinxin Zheng, Shiyang Guan, Meiti Wang

“…However, the burden of these disorders in ageing and aged countries has not been analysed.Aims To investigate the burden of depression, anxiety and schizophrenia among older adults in ageing and aged countries.Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in the age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates (ASDR) for depression, anxiety and schizophrenia of older people in ageing countries (China, India, Indonesia) and aged countries (Japan, Italy, Portugal) between 1990 and 2019. …”
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A Study of the Interaction Between Implanted Pacemakers and the Power-Frequency Field Produced by Traction Transformer in High-Speed EMU by Rui Tian, Yu-Long Zhang, Mai Lu, Jian-Fang Deng

“…The analysis included evaluating the distribution of induced electromagnetic fields within passengers&#x2019; pacemakers and heart tissue, calculating the induced voltage on electrodes to determine the potential health risks. …”
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Traumatic dental injuries in the first year of life and related risk factors in three regions of Brazil: a multicenter birth cohort study by Carlos Alberto Feldens, Bruno Antonio Sehn Konzen, Elisa Maria Rosa de Barros Coelho, Alessandra Castro Alves, Eliane Gerson Feldens, Márcia Regina Vítolo, Paulo Floriani Kramer

“…Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations between the independent variables and TDI, with the calculation of crude and adjusted relative risk (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). …”
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