Differentiated TB care matrix: Validating an assessment tool for healthcare workers providing differentiated TB care using Delphi technique by Riswana S. Ansari, Ankeeta Menona Jacob, Avinash K. Shetty, Shazia Anjum

“…Introduction: The provision of Differentiated Tuberculosis (TB) Care by healthcare personnel is crucial in optimising patient outcomes and resource utilisation in TB units. …”
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Barriers and enablers to implementing clinical practice guidelines in primary care: an overview of systematic reviews by Tao Wang, Xian-Liang Liu, Jing-Yu (Benjamin) Tan, Isabella Zhao

“…Presence of technical support (‘institutional environment and resources factors’), and timely education and training for both primary care providers (PCPs) (‘healthcare provider-related factors’) and patients (‘patient-related factors’) were the frequently reported enablers.Conclusion Policy-driven strategies should be developed to motivate different levels of implementation activities, which include optimising resources allocations, promoting integrated care models, establishing well-coordinated multidisciplinary networks, increasing technical support, encouraging PCPs and patients’ engagement in guideline development, standardising the reporting of guidelines, increasing education and training, and stimulating PCPs and patients’ motivations. …”
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Home Medication Review among Patients with Chronic Diseases in Rural Villages of Pahang, Malaysia: A Case Report by Norny Syafinaz Ab Rahman, Nur Alyaa Anisa Mat Harom, Nor Ilyani Mohamed Nazar

“… Introduction: Home Medication Review (HMR) is crucial for optimising medication use and improving patient’s outcomes. …”
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Evaluation of Intraperitoneal [18F]-FDOPA Administration for Micro-PET Imaging in Mice and Assessment of the Effect of Subchronic Ketamine Dosing on Dopamine Synthesis Capacity by Els F. Halff, Sridhar Natesan, David R. Bonsall, Mattia Veronese, Anna Garcia-Hidalgo, Michelle Kokkinou, Sac-Pham Tang, Laura J. Riggall, Roger N. Gunn, Elaine E. Irvine, Dominic J. Withers, Lisa A. Wells, Oliver D. Howes

“…Our experiments comprised the following assessments: (i) comparison of [18F]-FDOPA uptake between intravenous and intraperitoneal radiotracer administration and optimisation of the time window used for extended Patlak analysis, (ii) comparison of KiMod in a within-subject design of both administration routes, (iii) test-retest evaluation of KiMod in a within-subject design of intraperitoneal radiotracer administration, and (iv) validation of KiMod estimates by comparing the two administration routes in a mouse model of hyperdopaminergia induced by subchronic ketamine. …”
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Diagnostic performance of the DISQVER metagenomic sequencing tool for the identification of pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients: the ADNEMIA trial by Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Christophe Burucoa, Marie Kempf, David Boutoille, Yohann Foucher, Philippe Lanotte, Maxime Pichon, Stéphane Corvec, Cécile Le Brun, Helene Pailhories

“…Considering that without an identified pathogen, a 10% mortality rate can ensue, documentation is essential to the optimisation of antibiotic therapy. However, blood culture (the reference test) is limited for several reasons: such as fastidious culture, antibiotic treatment prior to sampling or insufficient sample volume. …”
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Association of blood inflammatory phenotypes and asthma burden in children with moderate-to-severe asthma by Amir Hossein Alizadeh Bahmani, Susanne J.H. Vijverberg, Simone Hashimoto, Christine Wolff, Catarina Almqvist, Lizan D. Bloemsma, Susanne Brandstetter, Paula Corcuera-Elosegui, Mario Gorenjak, Susanne Harner, Anna M. Hedman, Michael Kabesch, Leyre López-Fernández, Aletta D. Kraneveld, Anne H. Neerincx, Maria Pino-Yanes, Uroš Potočnik, Olaia Sardón-Prado, Barbara S. Dierdorp, Tamara Dekker, Nariman K.A. Metwally, Jan Willem Duitman, René Lutter, Paul Brinkman, Mahmoud I. Abdel-Aziz, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee

“…Conclusion Differences in asthma burden-related clinical expression and distinct blood inflammatory mediator profiles were found between phenotypes, highlighting implications for optimising personalised treatment and management strategies in children with moderate-to-severe asthma.…”
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Feedback of aggregate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) data to clinicians and hospital end users: findings from an Australian codesign workshop process by Monique F Kilkenny, Dominique A Cadilhac, Shaun L Hancock, Violet Marion, Paulette Kelly, Sibilah Breen, Benjamin Clissold, Lauren Sanders, Olivia Francis Ryan, Penina Gunzburg, Shae Cooke, Lauren Guy

“…At the final workshop, recommendations to enhance communication of PROs data for comparing health service performance were made including tailoring feedback to professional roles and use of case-mix adjustment to ensure fair comparisons.Conclusions Our research provides guidance on PROs reporting for optimising data interpretation and comparing hospital performance.…”
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Recovery of Nd³⁺ and Dy³⁺ from E-Waste Using Adsorbents from Spent Tyre Rubbers: Batch and Column Dynamic Assays by Miguel Nogueira, Inês Matos, Maria Bernardo, Filomena Pinto, Isabel Fonseca, Nuno Lapa

“…The study also examines the efficiency of leaching rare earth elements from NdFeB magnets using optimised acid leaching methods, providing insights into recovery processes. …”
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Feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial of preoperative and postoperative nutritional supplementation in major lung surgery by Amelia Swift, Sebastian T Lugg, Babu Naidu, Nikolaos Efstathiou, Amy Kerr, Hazem Fallouh, Maninder Kalkat, Richard Steyn, Salma Kadiri, Ehab Bishay, Krishna Kholia, Venessa Rogers

“…However, it is uncertain whether modifying or optimising perioperative nutritional state with oral supplements results in a reduction in malnutrition, complications or quality of life.Design A randomised, open label, controlled feasibility study was conducted to assess the feasibility of carrying out a large multicentre randomised trial of nutritional intervention. …”
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Real-world evaluation of physiotherapist-led exercise prehabilitation and rehabilitation during autologous stem cell transplantation in myeloma: a single-centre experience by Orla McCourt, Joanne Land, Neil Rabin, Kwee Yong, Abi Fisher, Jonathan Sive, Charalampia Kyriakou, Michael K Luong, Alasdair Longden

“…Background There is emerging evidence for the role of exercise in optimising function, quality of life (QoL) and reducing hospital length-of-stay if commenced prior to undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). …”
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Timing, risk factors, and causes of foetal and preweaning lamb mortality in lowland production systems involving a range of ewe genotypes by D. Shiels, J.F. Mee, J.P. Hanrahan, C.M. Dwyer, S. Fagan, T.W.J. Keady

“…The use of good hygiene practices at lambing time and optimising lamb birth weight should reduce the level of preweaning lamb mortality in indoor lambing flocks.…”
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Protocol for a feasibility study and process evaluation of a psychosocially modelled diabetes education programme for young people with type 1 diabetes: the Youth Empowerment Skill... by Nick Sevdalis, Khalida Ismail, Tayana Soukup, Trevor Murrells, Dulmini Kariyawasam, Stephen Thomas, Judith Parsons, Angus Forbes, Rita Forde, Maria Baldellou Lopez, Marie Jones, Martha Ford-Adams, Nardos Yemane, Siobhan Pender, Alex Silverstien

“…Study findings will be used to optimise the intervention components, outcome measures and recruitment methods to inform a subsequent definitive trial.Ethics and dissemination The protocol has ethical approval from the UK Health Research Authority (approval IRAS project ID: 279877). …”
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‘Striving to achieve control’. Registered nurses’ experiences of palliative care quality during the COVID-19 pandemic – a qualitative study by Tuva Sandsdalen, Ann Karin Helgesen, Vigdis Abrahamsen Grøndahl, Carina Bååth, Maria Larsson, Christina Melin Johansson, Cecilia Olsson, Maria Tillfors, Jane Österlind, Reidun Hov, Marie Dahlen Granrud

“…The results of this study may contribute to important knowledge for leaders, policy makers and RNs to learn from the COVID-19 pandemic and planning for future pandemics or crises. Especially to optimise factors perceived by RNs to be important for the palliative care quality, related to the specific situation and care context, to include the perspectives of those involved and take into consideration the time perspective of the pandemic.…”
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Yorkshire Enhanced Stop Smoking (YESS) study: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect of adding a personalised smoking cessation intervention to a lung... by Richard D Neal, David Baldwin, Sarah Lewis, John Britton, Rachael L Murray, Qi Wu, Kate Brain, Samantha L Quaife, Matthew EJ Callister, Philip A J Crosbie, Harriet D Quinn-Scoggins, Grace M McCutchan, Alex Ashurst, Suzanne Rogerson, Rebecca Thorley

“…Introduction Integration of smoking cessation (SC) into lung cancer screening is essential to optimise clinical and cost effectiveness. The most effective way to use this ‘teachable moment’ is unclear. …”
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Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a web-based routine assessment with integrated recommendations for action for depression and anxiety (RehaCAT+): protocol for a cluster rand... by Reinhold Kilian, Harald Baumeister, Yannik Terhorst, Johannes Knauer, Paula Philippi, Selina Kallinger, Sandro Eiler, Tamara Waldmann, Morten Moshagen, Martina Bader

“…Introduction The integration of a web-based computer-adaptive patient-reported outcome test (CAT) platform with persuasive design optimised features including recommendations for action into routine healthcare could provide a promising way to translate reliable diagnostic results into action. …”
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Xpert Bladder Cancer Detection in Emergency Setting Assessment (XESA Project): A Prospective, Single-centre Trial by Federica Sordelli, Antonio Desai, Filippo Dagnino, Roberto Contieri, Sofia Giuriolo, Marco Paciotti, Vittorio Fasulo, Stefano Mancon, Davide Maffei, Pier Paolo Avolio, Giorgio Da Rin, Federica Maura, Elena Vanni, Davide Federico, Piergiuseppe Colombo, Giovanni Lughezzani, Nicolò Maria Buffi, Paolo Casale, Alberto Saita, Massiomo Lazzeri, Rodolfo Hurle, Antonio Voza

“…Its greater sensitivity and efficiency mean that Xpert BCD has the potential to improve patient care, optimise resource use, and alleviate the economic burden associated with unnecessary procedures. …”
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Pyrolysis-catalytic gasification of plastic waste for hydrogen-rich syngas production with hybrid-functional Ni-CaOCa2SiO4 catalyst by Tian Heng Qin, Guozhao Ji, Boyu Qu, Alan J McCue, Shaoliang Guan, Jos Derksen, Ye Shui Zhang

“…The different parameters (Ni loading, temperature, N2 flow rate and feedstock-to-catalyst ratio) have been investigated to optimise the H2 production. The catalysts were analysed by N2 physisorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). …”
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Aerodynamic energy consumption analysis of divided evacuated tube transportation system by Ziwei Zhang, Yingxue Wang, Guanqing Wang, Feilong Li, Dengke Wang, Jianjun Luo

“…Evacuated Tube Transportation (ETT) reduces aerodynamic drag and energy consumption by lowering gas pressure around high-speed trains (HSTs). To optimise this effect, integrating the ETT system into high-speed cruise segments is a practical approach, though it may introduce vacuum potential energy losses. …”
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Influence of Irradiance, Flow Rate, Reactor Geometry, and Photopromoter Concentration in Mineralization Kinetics of Methane in Air and in Aqueous Solutions by Photocatalytic Membra... by Ignazio Renato Bellobono, Mauro Rossi, Andrea Testino, Franca Morazzoni, Riccardo Bianchi, Giulia de Martini, Paola Maria Tozzi, Rodica Stanescu, Cristina Costache, Liliana Bobirica, Mauro Luigi Bonardi, Flavia Groppi

“…A kinetic model was employed, from which, by a set of differential equations, four final optimised parameters, k1 and K1, k2 and K2, were calculated, which is able to fit the whole kinetic profile adequately. …”
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Impact of viral load on sample pooling for reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction detection-based diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria by Timan T. Eliya, Elvis E. Isere, Bassey Emmana, Chukwuebuka Ugwu, Jonathan Kushim, Precious Ishaku, Aisha E. Ibrahim, John S. Bimba

“…What this study adds: The findings provide critical guidelines for determining the optimal pool sizes based on Ct values, aiding in effective COVID-19 testing strategies. By optimising sample pooling based on viral load, health authorities can improve their response to future COVID-19 outbreaks and similar public health emergencies.…”
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