Modern Approaches to the Diagnosis and treatment of <i>Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile)</i>-associated Disease in Adults (literature Review and Expert Council Resolution) by V. T. Ivashkin, I. V. Maev, D. N. Andreev, O. V. Goloshchapov, A. A. Derinov, O. Yu. Zolnikova, K. V. Ivashkin, O. Yu. Kiseleva, A. P. Kiryukhin, O. S. Lyashenko, E. A. Poluektova, A. S. Tertychnyy, A. S. Trukhmanov, A. I. Ulyanin, A. A. Sheptulin, O. S. Shifrin

“…The probiotic strain Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 has a direct inhibitory effect on C. difficile toxin A, promotes normalization of the intestinal microbiota composition, and decreases the inflammatory reaction in colonic mucosa colonized with a toxigenic strain of C. difficile.Conclusions. …”
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Síndrome de Reiter en la infancia. Reporte de un caso by Alexander Torres Molina, Osvaldo Urrutia Mora

“…Estas infecciones son el desencadenante de reacciones inmunológicas complejas responsables de la sintomatología cutánea, mucosa, ocular y articular. La forma clínica típica es poco frecuente en la infancia siendo más frecuente en hombres de entre 20 y 40 años de edad. …”
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Cow milk αs1-casein induces allergic responses in a mouse model of atopy by Guangyu Wang, Xiaofeng Yu, Yanjun Cong, Linfeng Li

“…The local alveolar septum collapsed or thickened, and lymphatic foci were produced in the spleen and thymus, and the inflammatory cells infiltrated in small intestinal mucosa mesenchyme. In conclusion, the levels of specific IgE, mast cell proteinase, histamine, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and some inflammatory factors could possibly serve as allergic biomarkers of αs1-casein, however, additional studies on signal transduction and gene expression are necessary in future.…”
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Natural Killer Cell and Large Granular Lymphocyte Deficiency in the Gut of Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by F Hadziselimovic, LR Emmons, U Schaub

“…The occurrence of natural killer cells and large granular lymphocytes (LGL) within the epithelium of colonic mucosa in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was compared to normal controls. …”
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Novel transcripts of EMT driving the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis by Smitha Sammith Shetty, Kanaka Sai Ram Padam, Mohit Sharma, Adarsh Kudva, Pratik Patel, Raghu Radhakrishnan

“…Abstract Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, and fibrotic condition of the oral mucosa that carries an elevated risk of malignant transformation. …”
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Primary Adrenal Failure due to Antiphospholipid Syndrome by Murat Sahin, Ayten Oguz, Dilek Tuzun, Serife Nur Boysan, Bülent Mese, Hatice Sahin, Kamile Gul

“…A 34-year-old male presented with hypotension, hypoglycemia, hyperpigmentation on his skin and oral mucosa, scars on both legs, and loss of consciousness. …”
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A Rare Case of Duodenal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Subepithelial Lesion in a Patient Undergoing Investigation for Iron Deficiency Anaemia by Xinxin Hu, Karina Aivazian, Catriona McKenzie, May Wong, Arthur Kaffes, Payal Saxena

“…Initial upper endoscopy found a subepithelial duodenal lesion with central depression but otherwise normal appearing mucosa. Superficial biopsies of the duodenal lesion were unremarkable. …”
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Análisis del perfil psicomotor en infantes colombianos de 4-9 años by Felipe Augusto Reyes-Oyola, Constanza Palomino, Guillermo Meza-Salcedo

“…Las alteraciones y trastornos psicomotrices en la infancia pueden repercutir en el desarrollo de habilidades motoras complejas e influir en los aprendizajes escolares. …”
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Recent Advances in Our Understanding of Human Inflammatory Dendritic Cells in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by Freja A. Warner van Dijk, Kirstie M. Bertram, Thomas R. O’Neil, Yuchen Li, Daniel J. Buffa, Andrew N. Harman, Anthony L. Cunningham, Najla Nasr

“…Dendritic cells (DCs), as potent antigen-presenting cells, are among the first to capture HIV upon its entry into the mucosa, and they subsequently transport the virus to CD4 T cells, the primary HIV target cells. …”
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Multiple Gastric Erosion Early after a 3 V Lithium Battery (CR2025) Ingestion in an 18-Month-Old Male Patient: Consideration about the Proper Time of Intervention by Ioannis Patoulias, Christos Kaselas, Dimitrios Patoulias, Konstantinos Farmakis, Eleni Papacrivou, Maria Kalogirou, Thomas Feidantsis

“…He underwent urgent endoscopic removal of the battery where multiple acute gastric mucosal erosion in place of direct contact of the battery’s negative pole with the mucosa of the gastric antrum was found. Conclusion. …”
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Noninvasive Techniques for Management of Erythema Multiforme by Fabiana Martins, Debora Pallos, Jodkandlys Candeia, Rodrigo Zerbinati, Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva, Luana Campos

“…Lesions were observed on the labial and buccal mucosa, tongue, and soft palate. The laboratory findings included serum positivity for the Epstein-Barr virus, and salivary tests showed positive values for herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) and human herpesvirus (HHV-7). …”
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Nasal Dermoplasty for Recurrent Polyps in a Patient with Churg-Strauss Syndrome by George Anastasopoulos, Theophanis Machas, Sofia Kegioglou, Demetra Rapti

“…NDRP was performed on the left nostril only. The mucosa of the left nasal vault was replaced by a split-thickness skin graft (modified dermoplasty). …”
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Neuroendocrine Tumour as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Criterion for Autoimmune Gastritis by S. I. Mozgovoi, M. A. Livzan, T. S. Krolevets, A. G. Shimanskaya

“…The autoimmune genesis of the chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa may serve as a background for the development of neuroendocrine tumours of the stomach, which determines the management tactics in such conditions.…”
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Comparative evaluation of pattern and distribution of stresses in single- and double-implant overdenture using ball-ring, positioner, and magnet-keeper attachment under different l... by Jatin Jain, Rajesh Sethuraman, Sayam Sachin Shah

“…Materials and Methods: A Styrofoam mandible with duplicated silicon mucosa was used to construct a mandibular complete denture. …”
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Reproductive problems in water buffalo cows associated with non-diagnosed genital lepto- spirosis. Preliminary results by Rosaura Pérez-Gil

“…In addition, the abortion rate averaged 40%, and the occurrence of hemoglobinuria, jaundiced vaginal mucosa, and congestive vaginal mucosa were 32%, 16%, and 24% respectively. …”
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Clinical and endoscopical and morphofunctional scores in evaluation of development of gastroesophageal reflux disease in various age groups by M. A. Osadchuk, A. M. Zolotovitskaya, N. V. Kireyeva, S. N. Nikolenko, I. M. Kvetnoy

“…It results in more severe damage of esophageal mucosa with development of erosive esophagitis and extraesophageal manifestations. …”
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An Overview of the Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Gut Infections and Inflammation by Silvia Sedda, Irene Marafini, Michele M. Figliuzzi, Francesco Pallone, Giovanni Monteleone

“…In this review, we will summarize the present knowledge on the distribution of ILCs in the intestinal mucosa, with particular focus on their role in the control of both infections and effector cytokine response in immune-mediated pathologies.…”
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The prevention role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) on intestinal health by Ender Deniz Asmaz, Nilay Seyidoglu

“…The duodenum segments were taken at the end of the trial and processed for histological assay. Although the total mucosa, villus height and villus/cript ratio were found higher in high dose Spirulina, the lower cript depth was detected in same group compared to control and low dose group. …”
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Use of probiotic lactobacilli as alternative to monensin in beef feedlot cattle by Flavia Ivana Mansilla, María Hortencia Miranda, Cecilia Aristimuño Ficoseco, Mariano Obregozo, Marcela D´Urso Villar, María Elena Fátima Nader-Macias, Graciela Margarita Vignolo

“…In this study, increase of animals body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) were used as indicators of probiotics Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum CRL2085 and L. mucosae CRL2069 (108–109 CFU/g) supplementation (individually or combined) to grain-based diets containing or not monensin during different periods of feedlot fattening cycle. …”
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Intestinal duplicity with ultrasound diagnosis. A case report by Diana García Rodríguez, Yisel González Ríos, Leidelén Esquivel Sosa, Abel Armenteros García

“…The symptoms vary with the type, size, location and mucosa that covers them. This research aims to present the case of a pediatric patient diagnosed with ileal intestinal duplication, in which imaging tests contributed to the definitive diagnosis. …”
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