Histogenesis of the Oesophagus of Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) at Prehatch and Posthatch by Innocent Jonah Gosomji, Sulaiman Olawoye Salami, James Oliver Nzalak, Muhammed Umar Kawu, Emmanuel Vandi Tizhe, Yilzem George Gurumyen, Edward Christopher Dung

“…By the 19th day of embryonic development, the four tunics, tunica mucosa, submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica adventitia/serosa, were beginning to differentiate from the mesenchymal cells and also the primordial oesophageal glands appeared as clusters of cells that invaginate from the epithelium. …”
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Reconstrucción estética de fractura no complicada de corona en un paciente con síndrome de Down. Presentación de un caso by Ana Yipsi Santana Mata, Lilianibet Borges Pérez, Wilmia María Saavedra Márquez, Luis Miguel Coto Valladares

“…Las características psíquico-motoras y físicas presentes en los pacientes con síndrome de Down le confieren una mayor susceptibilidad para sufrir lesiones traumáticas en la cavidad bucal, que causan afectaciones desde el punto de vista funcional, estético y psíquico. …”
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Seromuscular Colonic Flap for Intrapelvic Soft-Tissue Coverage: A Reconstructive Option for Plastic Surgeons When Traditionally Used Flaps Are Not Available by Johnathon Aho, Sebastian Winocour, Ziyad S. Hammoudeh, Heidi Nelson, Peter Rose, Nho V. Tran

“…A case of a patient that underwent pelvic extirpation for recurrent rectal cancer who had limited donor sites for flap reconstruction is presented. The mucosa was removed from a blind loop of colon, and a pedicled seromuscular flap based on the colonic mesentery was placed into the pelvis for vascularized soft-tissue coverage and elimination of dead space. …”
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Pathological Role of Tonsillar B Cells in IgA Nephropathy by Yusuke Suzuki, Hitoshi Suzuki, Junichiro Nakata, Daisuke Sato, Tadahiro Kajiyama, Tomonari Watanabe, Yasuhiko Tomino

“…Although impaired immune regulation along the mucosa-bone marrow axis has been postulated to play an important role, the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is unknown; thus, no disease-specific therapy for this disease exists. …”
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Beneficial effects of baicalein on a model of allergic rhinitis by Liu Tao, Xu Jing, Wu Yungang, Li Xiaoxia, Ding Detao, Ma Dengdian, Yao Mengwei, Wei Wenzhong, Zhang Wei, Wang Shaohua, Yao Jing, Li Xiaoyu

“…Furthermore, baicalein inhibited the expression of STAT3 phosphorylation in the nasal mucosa. In summary, baicalein attenuated OVA-induced AR and inflammation, which suggests it as a promising therapeutic agent for the alleviation of AR-associated inflammation and pathology.…”
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Esporte, competição e a criança: pontos de vista by Herton Xavier Corseuil, Luís Sérgio Peres

“…A análise incluiu fatores como motivação, prontidão motora, cognitiva e moral, e os efeitos da pressão competitiva. …”
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Improvement of gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnostics in pediatrics by S. I. Erdes, A. R. Polischuk

“…Many episodes of refluxes proceed asymptomatically, however in some children GER is related to various serious symptoms and damage of esophageal mucosa because protective mechanisms are insufficiently developed in the young age. …”
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Looping, czyli ekstaza powtórzenia by Aleksandra Hirszfeld

“…Autorka wybrała do analizy trzy typy loopingu: zapętlenie oparte na oświeceniowej idei encyklopedycznego porządkowania za pomocą „ruchomej klasyfikacji”, looping jako rytmiczne nawarstwienie repetytywnych elementów według zasady intensyfikacji lub zagęszczenia oraz looping jako abstrakcyjna forma oparta na transie. …”
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Unusual Dermoid Cyst in Oral Cavity by Evanice Menezes Marçal Vieira, Alvaro Henrique Borges, Luis Evaristo Ricci Volpato, Alessandra Nogueira Porto, Artur Aburad Carvalhosa, Gilberto de Almeida Botelho, Matheus Coelho Bandeca

“…In the present case, the lesion showed soft consistency, floating, regular borders, smooth surface, and the same color as the adjacent mucosa, asymptomatic and measuring 4.5 × 5.5 cm in its greatest diameter. …”
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Research Progress in Lactoferrin’s Role in Alleviating Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction by LI Yi, REN Xinxin, WANG Qin, HE Xiaoyun

“…The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. When the intestinal mucosa is damaged, the tight junctions between intestinal cells are disrupted, and the intestinal flora becomes imbalanced, a variety of diseases can arise. …”
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Severe Late-Onset Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia Following IFN β-1a Treatment: A Case Report of a 52-Year-Old Woman with Relapse-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis by Christophe Cisarovsky, Marie Théaudin, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Grégoire Stalder, Lorenzo Alberio

“…We report the case of a 52-year-old woman who developed limb and oral mucosa petechiae and hematochezia, 10 years after beginning IFNβ1a. …”
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Esophageal Intramural Pseudodiverticulosis: A Rare Endoscopic Finding by Luciana Lopes de Oliveira, Fred Olavo Aragão Andrade Carneiro, Elisa Ryoka Baba, Thiago Guimarães Vilaça, Dalton Marques Chaves, Everson Luiz de Almeida Artifon, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura, Paulo Sakai

“…The upper endoscopy revealed a proximal esophageal stricture and inflammatory mucosa associated with multiples small orifices in the esophageal wall, some of them fulfilled with white spots suggestive of fungal infection. …”
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Podstawy teoretyczne stabilizacyjnej roli narzędzi fiskalnych w gospodarce rynkowej by Ryszard Barczyk

“…W wysoko rozwiniętych gospodarkach rynkowych są podejmowane za pomocą narzędzi fiskalnych lub/i pieniężnych działania stabilizacyjne, których celem jest m.in. wpływanie na morfologię cykli koniunkturalnych, na równowagę na rynku pracy i dążenie do utrzymywania stabilnej wartości pieniądza. …”
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Oral Chronic Mucositis in a Known Lichen Planus Pigmentosus Patient by Dalad Pinchaleaw, Pirawish Limlawan

“…In this case report, a patient with known lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP), a variant of lichenoid dermatoses that rarely affect oral mucosa, presented with chronic pain in the oral cavity for 2 months. …”
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Multifunctional Thioredoxin-Like Protein from the Gastrointestinal Parasitic Nematodes Strongyloides ratti and Trichuris suis Affects Mucosal Homeostasis by Dana Ditgen, Emmanuela M. Anandarajah, Jan Hansmann, Dominic Winter, Guido Schramm, Klaus D. Erttmann, Eva Liebau, Norbert W. Brattig

“…These results confirm that the parasite-secreted Trx-lps are multifunctional proteins that can affect the host intestinal mucosa.…”
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Model for Electrical Field Distribution in the Human Esophagus during Stimulation with Patch and Ring Electrodes by Christina Brock, Romulus E. Lontis, Flemming H. Lundager, Peter Kunwald, Asbjørn M. Drewes, Hans Gregersen

“…Electrical field distribution in esophageal layers (mucosa, muscle layers, and surrounding tissue) was computed using a finite element model based on a 3D model. …”
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Mechanisms of bacterial-to-host interaction and their disorders at inflammatory bowel diseases by Ye. A. Poluektova, O. S. Lyashenko, A. V. Korolev, O. S. Shifrin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…The capability of bacteria contact with immune cells is provided by capacity of bacterial cells to adhesion and invasion, competence of mucus layer covering mucosa of gastro-intestinal tract, detaining and fixing microbic cells, competence of intercellular epithelial contacts function, density of signal receptors, level of antimicrobic peptides expression, completeness of autophagy process. …”
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A Krukenberg Tumor from an Occult Intramucosal Gastric Carcinoma Identified during an Autopsy by Yoshiaki Nakamura, Ayako Hiramatsu, Takafumi Koyama, Yu Oyama, Ayuko Tanaka, Koichi Honma

“…During the autopsy, microscopic examination revealed four foci of intramucosal gastric SRCC and healthy macroscopic gastric mucosa.…”
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Efficacy of esomeprazole at treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease by Yu. V. Yevsyutina

“…Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are the basic treatment of GERD that promote symptom relief (both esophageal, and extraesophageal) as well as the healing of esophageal mucosa lesions, prevent development of relapses and complications of reflux esophagitis. …”
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Modern options of prokinetics in gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment by A. A. Sheptulin, A. A. Kurbatova, S. A. Baranov

“…GERD belongs to acid-related diseases, because detrimental action of hydrochloric acid on esophageal mucosa plays major role in its pathogenesis. However esophageal and stomach motility disorders, e.g.: increase in frequency of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations, decrease of esophageal clearance and increase of intragastric pressure play important role in GERD development as well. …”
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