Exploring artificial intelligence-powered virtual assistants to understand their potential to support older adults’ search needs by Emily M. Langston, Varitnan Hattakitjamroen, Mario Hernandez, Hye Soo Lee, Hannah Ç. Mason, Willencia Louis-Charles, Neil Charness, Sara J. Czaja, Wendy A. Rogers, Joseph Sharit, Walter R. Boot

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Health care utilization patterns of patients enrolled in an interdisciplinary program for back pain by Sara Davin, Psy.D., MPH, Brittany Lapin, PhD., MPH, Belinda Udeh, PhD, Sarah Rispinto, PhD, Nicolas R. Thompson, MS, Ryan Honomichl, PhD, Andre Machado, MD, Irene L. Katzan, MD

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Bayesian hierarchical network autocorrelation models for estimating direct and indirect effects of peer hospitals on outcomes of hospitalized patients by Guanqing Chen, A. James O’Malley

“…A Bayesian approach is used for model estimation while a simulation study assesses the performance of the models and sensitivity of results to different prior distributions. We construct a United States New England region patient-sharing hospital network and apply newly developed Bayesian hierarchical models to study the diffusion of robotic surgery and hospital peer effects in patient outcomes using a cohort of United States Medicare beneficiaries in 2016 and 2017. …”
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Rationale and design for Healthy Hearts in Manufacturing (HHM): A pragmatic single-arm hybrid effectiveness-implementation study for hypertension management and tobacco cessation by Hanzi Jiang, Yao Tian, Jennifer Bannon, Amy E. Krefman, Lawrence C. An, Dustin D. French, Claude R. Maechling, Jane Holl, Richard Chagnon, Theresa L. Walunas, Christopher Burch, Anthony Musci, Darce Latsis, Dawn Carey, Megan McHugh

“…Background: Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States and contributes more than $320 billion annually in health care costs and lost productivity. …”
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An Automated Clinical Laboratory Decision Support System for Test Utilization, Medical Necessity Verification, and Payment Processing by Safedin Beqaj, Rojeet Shrestha, Tim Hamill

“…It has been well established and widely recognized that (1) laboratory testing provides 70%-85% of the objective data that physicians use in the diagnosis and treatment of their patients; (2) orders for laboratory tests in the United States have increased, with an estimated volume of 4-5 billion tests per year; (3) there is a lack of user-friendly tools to guide physicians in their test selection and ordering; and (4) laboratory test overutilization and underutilization continue to represent a pervasive source of inefficiency in the health care system. …”
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Competing Risks Analysis of Cancer-associated Recurrent Thrombosis, Major Bleeds, and Death in a Geriatric Cohort by Joshua D. Brown, Kelley L. Ratermann, Kelley L. Ratermann, Jeffery C. Talbert, Jeffery C. Talbert, Val R. Adams, Val R. Adams

“…These results are consistent with United States guidelines which recommend LMWHs over warfarin for treatment and secondary prevention of VTE.…”
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Effectiveness of a Patient Support Program in Supporting Access to Therapy for Solid Tumor Malignancies by Lindsay Parker, Alissa Shaul, Brian Murphy, Zeba M. Khan

“…**Objective:** To better understand the effect of patient support programs on access to therapy for solid tumor malignancies, this study evaluated service use, case outcomes, and patient characteristics from a manufacturer-sponsored program in the United States. **Methods:** Sociodemographic characteristics, services use rates, and outcomes by case and insurance type were evaluated at the patient- and case-level in a random sample of patients prescribed nab-paclitaxel for solid tumor malignancies who enrolled in the Celgene Patient Support (CPS) program (April 2011–November 2013). …”
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Access and use of sexual and reproductive health services among asylum-seeking and refugee women in high-income countries: A scoping review. by Emma Stirling-Cameron, Salma Almukhaini, Justine Dol, Benjamin J DuPlessis, Kathryn Stone, Megan Aston, Shira M Goldenberg

“…Most were conducted in the United States (44%), Australia (25%), Europe (18%) and elsewhere and were qualitative (68%). …”
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Adherence to First-Line Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy in the Context of Guideline Recommendations for US Patients With High-Risk Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer by Franklin D. Gaylis, Bruno Emond, Ameur M. Manceur, Anabelle Tardif-Samson, Laura Morrison, Dominic Pilon, Patrick Lefebvre, Lorie A. Ellis, Hiremagalur Balaji, Andrea Ireland

“…**Objectives:** This study evaluated the adequacy of first-line intravesical BCG treatment among high-risk NMIBC patients in the United States, including the subgroup with carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder. …”
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Validation of Mortality Data Sources Compared to the National Death Index in the Healthcare Integrated Research Database by Jamal-Allial A, Sponholtz T, Vojjala SK, Paullin M, Papazian A, Eshete B, Mahmoudpour SH, Verpillat P, Beachler DC

“…Aziza Jamal-Allial,1 Todd Sponholtz,1 Shiva K Vojjala,2 Mark Paullin,2 Anahit Papazian,1 Biruk Eshete,2 Seyed Hamidreza Mahmoudpour,3 Patrice Verpillat,3 Daniel C Beachler2 1Safety & Epidemiology, Carelon Research, Newton, MA, USA; 2Safety & Epidemiology, Carelon Research, Wilmington, DE, USA; 3Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, GermanyCorrespondence: Daniel C Beachler, Carelon Research, 123 Justison Street, Suite 200, Wilmington, DE, 19801, USA, Email Daniel.beachler@carelon.comBackground: The National Death Index (NDI) is the gold standard for mortality data in the United States (US) but has a time lag and can be operationally intensive. …”
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Outcomes following intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA in a national cohort of nursing home residents by Leo D. Dreyfuss, Farnoosh Nik‐Ahd, Lufan Wang, Abigail Shatkin‐Margolis, Kenneth Covinsky, W. John Boscardin, Anne M. Suskind

“…Abstract Objectives To determine predictors of treatment success and complications following intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections among a large cohort of nursing home (NH) residents, representing one of the most frail and vulnerable populations in the United States. Materials and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of long‐stay NH residents who underwent onabotulinumtoxinA injections between 2014 and 2016. …”
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Feasibility, Usability, and Pilot Efficacy Study of a Software-Enabled, Virtual Pulmonary Rehabilitation with Remote Therapeutic Monitoring by Flynn S, Mosher CL, Cornelison S, Rao E, Metzler KA, Pu W, Davies J, Paladenech C, Doyle D, MacIntyre N, Ohar J

“…Sheryl Flynn,1 Christopher L Mosher,2,3 Sharon Cornelison,4 Erica Rao,2 Kimberly A Metzler,4 William Pu,1 John Davies,2 Connie Paladenech,4 Daniel Doyle,3 Neil MacIntyre,2 Jill Ohar5 1Blue Marble Health, Altadena, California, USA; 2Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; 3Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States; 3Cabin Creek Health Systems, Dawes, West Virginia, USA; 4Department of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, J. …”
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Comparative Ethics of Modern Payment Models by Jacob Riegler

“…The argument that incentives should not exist in healthcare because they foster competition and, therefore, cause disparities is acknowledged.[7] However, the argument against incentives ignores the reality of healthcare, especially in the United States, where the most progressive recommendations still retain a paying agency. …”
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