Assessing the readability, quality and reliability of responses produced by ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity regarding most frequently asked keywords about low back pain by Erkan Ozduran, Volkan Hancı, Yüksel Erkin, İlhan Celil Özbek, Vugar Abdulkerimov

“…Artificial intelligence (AI), which has gained popularity in recent years, is defined as the study of algorithms that provide machines with the ability to reason and perform cognitive functions, including object and word recognition, problem solving and decision making. This study aimed to examine the readability, reliability and quality of responses to frequently asked keywords about low back pain (LBP) given by three different AI-based chatbots (ChatGPT, Perplexity and Gemini), which are popular applications in online information presentation today. …”
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Synergetic effect of fungal pretreatment and lignin modification on delignification and saccharification: a case study of a natural lignin mutant in mulberry by James Paul T. Madigal, Masami Terasaki, Masatsugu Takada, Shinya Kajita

“…Trametes versicolor tended to have a lower delignification capacity and smaller effect of subsequent enzymatic sugar release toward the wood from both genotypes than the other two fungi, making it less suitable for fungal pretreatment. Thioacidolysis assays indicated that cinnamaldehyde β-O-4, a typical subunit in the homozygote lignin, did not contribute to the high degradability of the lignin. …”
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Higher Levels of Income and Education are Associated with More Specialized Sport Participation Behaviors: Results from a Representative Sample of Youth Sport Parents from the Unite... by Eric G Post, Matthew J. Rivera, Darleesa Doss, Lindsey E. Eberman

“… # Results Parents who reported an annual household income of \$75,001 or more were more likely than parents making less than \$75,000 to report that their child participated on an organized club team (OR \[95%CI\]: 1.94 \[1.15-3.27\]), participated on multiple organized teams at the same time (OR \[95%CI\]: 1.85 \[1.10-3.11\]), or specialized in a single sport (OR \[95%CI\]: 2.45 \[1.45-4.14\]). …”
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Unraveling the interactive effect of opaque2 and waxy1 genes on kernel nutritional qualities and physical properties in maize (Zea mays L.) by Subhra J. Mishra, Ikkurti Gopinath, Vignesh Muthusamy, Rajkumar U. Zunjare, Gulab Chand, Arun K. T. Venkatesh, Elangbam L. Devi, Konsam Sarika, Zahirul A. Talukder, Jitender Kumar, Firoz Hossain

“…The amino acid profile of waxy maize resembles normal maize, making it particularly deficient in lysine and tryptophan. …”
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iMulch: an investigation of the influence of polymers on a terrestrial ecosystem using the example of mulch films used in agriculture by Carmen Wolf, Mike Wenzel, Björn Fischer, Ralf Bertling, Erich Jelen, Dieter Hennecke, Karlheinz Weinfurtner, Martina Roß-Nickoll, Henner Hollert, Antonia Weltmeyer, Kristina Bitter, Pauline Ruiz, Dusica Banduka, Jochen Tuerk, Lars M. Blank

“…Abstract Background This article provides an overview of the iMulch joint project, which analysed the use of polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable mulch films made of a polylactide (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) on agricultural land as a source of microplastic. …”
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Exposure of wild mammals to glyphosate, AMPA, and glufosinate: a case for “emerging organic contaminants”? by Fritsch, Clémentine, Appenzeller, Brice M. R., Bertrand, Colette, Coeurdassier, Michael, Driget, Vincent, Hardy, Emilie M, Palazzi, Paul, Schaeffer, Charline, Goydadin, Anne-Claude, Gaba, Sabrina, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Pelosi, Céline

“…This work provides new insights into current broad-spectrum herbicide wildlife ecotoxicology that may support decision-making to protect biodiversity.…”
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Emergency volunteering willingness and participation: a cross-sectional survey of residents in northern China by Hong Sun, Chaojie Liu, Wei Xu, Ye Li, Qunhong Wu, Lijun Gao, Zheng Kang, Yanhua Hao, Ning Ning, Mingli Jiao, Libo Liang, Yu Cui, Mengli Shi, Chao Liang, Xiaowen Zhao, Jie Fei, Qiuyu Wei, Ming Yi

“…The in-depth interviews revealed that an inappropriate policy environment and poor volunteer organisational management were major barriers for converting willingness into actions.Conclusion A relatively high level of willingness to volunteer in emergencies in northern China is associated with a range of individual, community and institutional factors. Efforts should be made to translate willingness into effective contributions to the emergency response system. …”
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The status of a woman in the ancient world: features of marital and family relations in Ancient Athens by I. A. Lohvynenko, Ye. S. Lohvynenko

“…Relevant generalizations and conclusions were made stating that the status of women of different social groups differed, but they were united by the general degrading treatment of men and the absence of any civil and property rights. …”
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Chronic inflammation in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 modulates gut microbiome: a review of literature on COVID-19 sequelae and gut dysbiosis by Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Hana Khan, Aqsa Khalid, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Nosheen Nasir, Iffat Khanum, Isadora de Siqueira, Wes Van Voorhis

“…Global variations in Long COVID presentation and symptoms make it challenging to standardize features of Long COVID. …”
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Five-Year Follow-Up of a Slowly Resorbable Biosynthetic P4HB Mesh (Phasix) in VHWG Grade 3 Incisional Hernia Repair by L. M. Van den Dop, MD, M. M. J. Van Rooijen, MD, PhD, T. Tollens, MD, L. N. Jørgensen, MD, PhD, T. S. De Vries-Reilingh, MD, PhD, G. Piessen, MD, PhD, F. Köckerling, MD, PhD, M. Miserez, MD, PhD, M. Dean, MD, F. Berrevoet, MD, PhD, B. Dousset, MD, PhD, H. L. Van Westreenen, MD, PhD, F. Gossetti, MD, PhD, G. W. M. Tetteroo, MD, PhD, A. Koch, MD, PhD, M. F. Boomsma, MD, PhD, J. F. Lange, MD, PhD, J. Jeekel, MD, PhD

“…Median follow-up time was 60.0 [interquartile range (IQR): 55–64] months. CT scan was made in 39 patients (68.4%). A recurrence rate of 15.9% (95% confidence interval: 6.9–24.8) was calculated after 5 years. …”
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Institutional structure formation of the global green finance market by A. S. Issenov

“…A statistical overview of green finance institutions by country, region, type and financial instruments used has been made. The role of multilateral development banks in the structure of such institutions has been shown. …”
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Development of a latency model for HIV-1 subtype C and the impact of long terminal repeat element genetic variation on latency reversal by Shreyal Maikoo, Robert-Jan Palstra, Krista L. Dong, Tokameh Mahmoudi, Thumbi Ndung'u, Paradise Madlala

“…However, HIV-1 subtype B (HIV-1B), prevalent in Europe and North America, has been the focus of most cure research and testing despite making up only 12 % of HIV-1 infections globally. …”
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Adaptive Hosting Capacity Forecasting in Distribution Networks with Distributed Energy Resources by Md Tariqul Islam, M. Jahangir Hossain, Md. Ahasan Habib, Muhammad Ahsan Zamee

“…Incorporating exogenous factors such as the time of day as a sensitivity gate input, further improves responsiveness, making the model more adaptable to real-world conditions. …”
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Classification of white blood cells (leucocytes) from blood smear imagery using machine and deep learning models: A global scoping review. by Rabia Asghar, Sanjay Kumar, Arslan Shaukat, Paul Hynds

“…Likewise, it is critical that future health professionals be made aware of the power, efficacy, precision and applicability of computer science, soft computing and artificial intelligence contributions to medicine, and particularly in areas like medical imaging.…”
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Swiss Сonfedеration experience on reception of migrants by N. A. Voronina

“…A detailed analysis of the Swiss normative and legal framework in the field of migration, asylum and integration has been made also, and active development of migration laws over the last decade has been noted. …”
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International Experience in Assessing Economic Security: Basic Approaches and Opportunities for Ukraine by D. O. Koshikov

“…This monitoring of the state of economic security of the country should be carried out by obtaining and studying certain factual data that allows to make a conclusion about the effectiveness of joint efforts of the authorized state agencies in the direction of national economic security. …”
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Passive exposure and perceptions of smoke-free policies in hospital and university campuses among nursing students: A cross-sectional multicenter study by Marcela Fu, Yolanda Castellano, Kenza Laroussy, Antoni Baena, Mercè Margalef, Ariadna Feliu, Jordi Galimany-Masclans, Montse Puig-Llobet, Carmen Moreno-Arroyo, Raül Sancho, Albert Bueno, Antonio López, Joseph Guydish, Esteve Fernández, Cristina Martínez

“…Approximately 33% supported the regulation to make outdoor healthcare campuses smoke-free, which was higher among third-year students compared to first-year students (APR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.24–1.62), among never smokers (41.4%; APR=2.84; 95% CI: 2.21–3.64) compared to smokers, and among those who were aware of the regulation (38.4%; 95% CI: 1.37–1.75). …”
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The concept and significance of registration and permit-licensing procedures in the activities of the National Police by О. А. Bud

“…Attention is focused on the presence of a set of common features of registration and permit-licensing procedures in the activities of the National Police, in particular: this is a sequence of actions regulated by current national legislation; they are carried out by a specific entity, a law enforcement agency - the National Police of Ukraine; in their essence they are a public service activity; the result of such procedures involves mandatory documentation – obtaining a document (permit or license) and/or making changes to registration documents or information databases; they mainly take place in the field of the permit system; they are implemented within the framework of the provision of paid services by police bodies; the initiators of these procedures are individuals and legal entities; they are carried out in relation to individual objects of the permit system and pyrotechnic devices, the manufacture of special devices loaded with tear and irritant substances, individual protection, active defense, the provision of services for the protection of property and citizens, as well as certain types of activities (transportation of oversized, heavy cargo, activities related to the provision of services by shooting ranges, etc.). …”
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OmoiwsiV Qew PROBLEMOS RABINISTINIAME IRHELENISTINIAME JUDAIZME by Kristina Gudelytė

“…In spite of Philo's loyalty to his ancestor's religious views and some traces of his influence on Midrash, the greatest influence he made on Church Fathers, who adopted many of his concepts. …”
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Providing appropriate health and social care for people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment in the criminal justice system of England and Wales: a thematic analysis of priso... by Adam O’Neill, Leanne Heathcote, Laura Archer-Power, Stuart Ware, Jenny Shaw, Jane Senior, Katrina Forsyth

“…Prison governors should examine ways to make the living environment more appropriate for these individuals, and a joined-up collaborative approach to health and social care should be adopted. …”
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