Zero-BertXGB: An Empirical Technique for Abstract Classification in Systematic Reviews by Mohammad Shariful Islam, Mohammad Abu Tareq Rony, Md Rasel Hossain, Samah Alshathri, Walid El-Shafai

“…The Zero-BertXGB technique is compared against other prominent LLMs, including BERT, PaLM, LLaMA, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4, to validate its effectiveness. …”
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An Embodied Intelligence System for Coal Mine Safety Assessment Based on Multi-Level Large Language Models by Yi Sun, Faxiu Ji

“…Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through advanced large language model (LLM) technologies, is reshaping coal mine safety assessment methods with its powerful cognitive capabilities. …”
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A positive spin: large language models can help directors evaluate programs through their patients' own words by Leah Russell Flaherty, Kendra H. Oliver

“…This study provides an example of the feasibility of evaluating patient responses (n = 82) to Empowered Relief, a skill-based pain education class using LLMs. We utilized a dual-method analytical approach, with both LLM-assisted and supported manual thematic review. …”
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Human-interpretable clustering of short text using large language models by Justin K. Miller, Tristram J. Alexander

“…This work shows that large language models (LLMs) can overcome the limitations of traditional clustering approaches by generating embeddings that capture the semantic nuances of short text. …”
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Accuracy of Large Language Models for Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis in Dental Procedures by Paak Rewthamrongsris, Jirayu Burapacheep, Vorapat Trachoo, Thantrira Porntaveetus

“…Results: Significant differences in accuracy were observed among the LLMs. All LLMs had a narrower confidence interval with a pre-prompt, and most, except Claude 3 Opus, showed improved performance. …”
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A guide to prompt design: foundations and applications for healthcare simulationists by Sara Maaz, Sara Maaz, Janice C. Palaganas, Gerry Palaganas, Maria Bajwa

“…Grounded in a structured literature review and iterative prompt testing, this paper proposes best practices for developing calibrated prompts, explores various prompt types and techniques with use cases, and addresses the challenges, including ethical considerations for using LLMs in healthcare simulation. This guide helps bridge the knowledge gap for simulationists on LLM use in simulation-based education, offering tailored guidance on prompt design. …”
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Examining HPO by organ and system to facilitate practical use by clinicians by Eisuke Dohi, Terue Takatsuki, Yuka Tateisi, Toyofumi Fujiwara, Yasunori Yamamoto

“…It was known that the use of LLMs can successfully extract symptoms and findings, but cannot annotate them with the HPO. …”
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Language models for data extraction and risk of bias assessment in complementary medicine by Honghao Lai, Jiayi Liu, Chunyang Bai, Hui Liu, Bei Pan, Xufei Luo, Liangying Hou, Weilong Zhao, Danni Xia, Jinhui Tian, Yaolong Chen, Lu Zhang, Janne Estill, Jie Liu, Xing Liao, Nannan Shi, Xin Sun, Hongcai Shang, Zhaoxiang Bian, Kehu Yang, Luqi Huang, Long Ge, On behalf of ADVANCED Working Group

“…Abstract Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance evidence synthesis efficiency and accuracy. …”
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Evaluating the Performance of Artificial Intelligence-Based Large Language Models in Orthodontics—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Farraj Albalawi, Sanjeev B. Khanagar, Kiran Iyer, Nora Alhazmi, Afnan Alayyash, Anwar S. Alhazmi, Mohammed Awawdeh, Oinam Gokulchandra Singh

“…The increasing use of LLMs in healthcare necessitates an evaluation of their ability to generate accurate and reliable responses. …”
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Large language models generating synthetic clinical datasets: a feasibility and comparative analysis with real-world perioperative data by Austin A. Barr, Joshua Quan, Eddie Guo, Emre Sezgin, Emre Sezgin

“…Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) provide an opportunity to generate synthetic data with reduced reliance on domain expertise, computational resources, and pre-training.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the feasibility of generating realistic tabular clinical data with OpenAI’s GPT-4o using zero-shot prompting, and evaluate the fidelity of LLM-generated data by comparing its statistical properties to the Vital Signs DataBase (VitalDB), a real-world open-source perioperative dataset.MethodsIn Phase 1, GPT-4o was prompted to generate a dataset with qualitative descriptions of 13 clinical parameters. …”
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High-risk habitat radiomics model based on ultrasound images for predicting lateral neck lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer by Han Liu, Chun‑Jie Hou, Min Wei, Ke‑Feng Lu, Ying Liu, Pei Du, Li‑Tao Sun, Jing‑Lan Tang

“…Abstract Background This study aims to evaluate the predictive usefulness of a habitat radiomics model based on ultrasound images for anticipating lateral neck lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), and for pinpointing high-risk habitat regions and significant radiomics traits. …”
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Prompting Large Language Models with Knowledge-Injection for Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering by Zhongjian Hu, Peng Yang, Fengyuan Liu, Yuan Meng, Xingyu Liu

“…Previous works employ the Large Language Model (LLM) like GPT-3 for knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (VQA). …”
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Complete PSA Remission without Adjuvant Therapy after Secondary Lymph Node Surgery in Selected Patients with Biochemical Relapse after Radical Prostatectomy and Pelvic Lymph Node D... by Alexander Winter, Jens Uphoff, Rolf-Peter Henke, Friedhelm Wawroschek

“…To evaluate whether secondary resection of lymph node (LN) metastases (LNMs) can result in PSA remission, we analysed the PSA outcome after resection of LNM detected on PET/CT in patients with biochemical failure. …”
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Toward cultural interpretability: A linguistic anthropological framework for describing and evaluating large language models by Graham M Jones, Shai Satran, Arvind Satyanarayan

“…While linguistic anthropology focuses on interpreting the cultural basis for human language use, the ML field of interpretability is concerned with uncovering the patterns that Large Language Models (LLMs) learn from human verbal behavior. Through the analysis of a conversation between a human user and an LLM-powered chatbot, we demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of a new, conjoint field of inquiry, cultural interpretability (CI). …”
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Research and Application of a Multi-Agent-Based Intelligent Mine Gas State Decision-Making System by Yi Sun, Xinke Liu

“…The system integrates the reasoning capabilities of LLMs and optimizes task allocation and execution efficiency of agents through the study of the hybrid multi-agent orchestration algorithm. …”
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Artificial Intelligence Scribe and Large Language Model Technology in Healthcare Documentation: Advantages, Limitations, and Recommendations by Sarah A. Mess, MD, Alison J. Mackey, PhD, David E. Yarowsky, PhD

“…LLMs are unconstrained by established medical knowledge or rules. …”
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Semantic analysis of test items through large language model embeddings predicts a-priori factorial structure of personality tests by Nicola Milano, Maria Luongo, Michela Ponticorvo, Davide Marocco

“…In this article, we explore the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for predicting factor loadings in personality tests through the semantic analysis of test items. …”
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Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Micrometastasis in pN0 Gastric Cancer Patients by Yu Li, Dongsheng Wang, Yi Li, Xiaodong Liu, Dong Chen, Chentong Yuan, Yanbing Zhou

“…To investigate the relationship between lymph node micrometastasis (LNMM) and clinicopathological factors and to evaluate the prognostic effects of LNMM in pN0 gastric cancer (GC) patients. …”
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Large Language Model Approach for Zero-Shot Information Extraction and Clustering of Japanese Radiology Reports: Algorithm Development and Validation by Yosuke Yamagishi, Yuta Nakamura, Shouhei Hanaoka, Osamu Abe

“…ConclusionsThe unsupervised LLM approach surpassed the existing supervised methods in clustering Japanese radiology reports. …”
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Beyond Text Generation: Assessing Large Language Models’ Ability to Reason Logically and Follow Strict Rules by Zhiyong Han, Fortunato Battaglia, Kush Mansuria, Yoav Heyman, Stanley R. Terlecky

“…The growing interest in advanced large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has sparked debate about how best to use them in various human activities. …”
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