Allergens in Peanuts and Allergen Reduction Methods by Seyfullah Cengiz, Murat Reis Akkaya, Osman Kola

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Allergenicity Reduction of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Tropomyosin through Glycosylation Modification by Shuqi ZHANG, Shuya WANG, Shuqi JIA, Kexin LIU, Na SUN

“…It was worth noting that the mice gavaged with galactooligosaccharide-glycosylated tropomyosin showed a more pronounced reduction in allergic responses, which was attributed to the fact that galactooligosaccharide modified more allergen epitopes of tropomyosin than ribose, glucose, and mannooligosaccharide. …”
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Research Advances in Hen’s Egg Allergen and Techniques for Reducing Its Allergenicity by YANG Wenhua, YE Huiling, WANG Hui, TU Zongcai, FAN Yan, XIAO Gengsheng, WANG Qin

Subjects: “…hen’s eggs; allergens; allergic epitopes; allergenicity reduction techniques…”
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Regulatory T cell epitope content in human antibodies decreases during maturation by Andres H. Gutierrez, Frances E. Terry, Amy S. Rosenberg, William D. Martin, Anne S. De Groot

“…Significant depletion of high-affinity germline-encoded epitopes in high SHM sequences was also observed, but the predicted phenotype of T cells responding to the BCR-derived epitopes (regulatory vs. effector) was not previously evaluated.MethodsIn this follow-on study, we screened a different set of four donor repertoires to investigate the dynamics of donor-specific HLA-DR T cell epitopes and three subsets of T cell epitope content: previously validated T cell epitopes recognized by thymus-derived Tregs (Tregitopes), potentially tolerated T cell epitopes, and potential effector T cell epitopes.ResultsOur results show that Tregitope content reduction is correlated with SHM, suggesting that Tregitopes are removed during maturation. …”
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Modelling protein-protein interactions for the design of vaccine chimeric antigens with protective epitopes. by Marinela Contreras, Marta Rafael, Isidro Sobrino, Consuelo Almazán, Juan J Pastor Comín, James J Valdés, Carlos Roberto Prudencio, Daniel Ferreira de Lima Neto, Veniamin A Borin, Pratul K Agarwal, Paul D Kasaija, Rubén Fernández-Melgar, Justus Rutaisire, José de la Fuente

“…Vaccine formulations with tick antigens such as BM86/BM95 (BM) and Subolesin (SUB) have shown reduction in tick fitness and infestation in immunized hosts. …”
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Epitope-optimized vaccine elicits enduring immunity against swine influenza A virus by Erika M. Petro-Turnquist, Adthakorn Madapong, Matthew Pekarek, David Steffen, Eric A. Weaver

“…In an experimental infection model, Epigraph immunized pigs demonstrate a significant reduction of clinical disease, lower shedding of infectious virus, reduction of lung lesions, and lower microscopic immunopathology compared to the other immunization groups. …”
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Reverse epitope mapping of the E2 glycoprotein in antibody associated hepatitis C virus. by Amruta S Naik, Ania Owsianka, Brendan A Palmer, Ciaran J O'Halloran, Nicole Walsh, Orla Crosbie, Elizabeth Kenny-Walsh, Arvind H Patel, Liam J Fanning

“…Based on the available anti-HCV monoclonal nAb mapping information we selected amino acid region 384-619 for conformational epitope mapping. Amongst our notable findings, we observed significant reduction in HCVpp infectivity (p<0.05) when challenged with a combination of inter genotype and subtype VF-Fabs. …”
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Pathogen-specific epitopes as epidemiological tools for defining the magnitude of Mycobacterium leprae transmission in areas endemic for leprosy. by Marcia V S B Martins, Marjorie M da S Guimarães, John S Spencer, Mariana A V B Hacker, Luciana S Costa, Fernanda M Carvalho, Annemieke Geluk, Jolien J van der Ploeg-van Schip, Maria A A Pontes, Heitor S Gonçalves, Janvier P de Morais, Tereza J P G Bandeira, Maria C V Pessolani, Patrick J Brennan, Geraldo M B Pereira

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Identification and Validation of Th1-Selective Epitopes Derived from Proteins Overexpressed in Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Denise L. Cecil, Daniel Herendeen, Meredith Slota, Megan M. O’Meara, Yushe Dang, Lauren Corulli, Mary L. Disis

“…Tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the vaccinated mice across both the TNBC and luminal B breast cancer models, with mean tumor volume reductions ranging from 61% to 70%. Conclusions: CSC/EMT-associated antigens are immunogenic in humans and can be targeted using Th1-selective epitope-based vaccines. …”
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Construction and evaluation of a Salmonella minicell-based dendritic cell-targeted multi-epitope vaccine against Helicobacter pylori by Jiaxue Yang, Kehan Chen, Yalan Zhu, Tiancheng Xie, Chubin Fang, Chuan Wang, Chuan Wang, Tian Tang, Tian Tang

“…BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a global health concern linked to various gastrointestinal diseases, highlighting the urgent need for effective vaccines.MethodsIn this study, we developed two multi-epitope vaccine candidates based on Salmonella minicells: TA-2m and Apt-TA-2m. …”
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Virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus target conformational and linear epitopes on E2 glycoprotein subdomains by Gleyder Roman-Sosa, Denise Meyer, Mariano Dellarole, Doris à Wengen, Susanne Lerch, Alexander Postel, Paul Becher

“…Notably, binding to these epitopes was retained after low-pH treatment, although conformational epitopes were disrupted upon disulfide bond reduction. …”
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A Multiple Antigen Peptide Vaccine Containing CD4+ T Cell Epitopes Enhances Humoral Immunity against Trichinella spiralis Infection in Mice by Yuan Gu, Ximeng Sun, Jingjing Huang, Bin Zhan, Xinping Zhu

“…We demonstrated that mice immunized with MAP containing CD4+ T cell and B cell epitopes (MAP-TB) induced significantly higher protection against the challenge of T. spiralis larvae (35.5% muscle larva reduction) compared to the MAP containing B cell epitope alone (MAP-B) with a 12.4% muscle larva reduction. …”
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Human monoclonal antibodies to a novel cluster of conformational epitopes on HCV E2 with resistance to neutralization escape in a genotype 2a isolate. by Zhen-yong Keck, Jinming Xia, Yong Wang, Wenyan Wang, Thomas Krey, Jannick Prentoe, Thomas Carlsen, Angela Ying-Jian Li, Arvind H Patel, Stanley M Lemon, Jens Bukh, Felix A Rey, Steven K H Foung

“…The majority of broadly neutralizing antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) are against conformational epitopes on the E2 glycoprotein. Many of them recognize overlapping epitopes in a cluster, designated as antigenic domain B, that contains residues G530 and D535. …”
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Efficient reduction of β-lactoglobulin allergenicity in milk using Clostridium tyrobutyricum Z816 by Qianru Zhao, Yuwei Wang, Zhengming Zhu, Quanyu Zhao, Liying Zhu, Ling Jiang

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A pan-beta-coronavirus vaccine bearing conserved and asymptomatic B- and T-cell epitopes protects against highly pathogenic Delta and highly transmissible Omicron SARS-CoV-2 varian... by Hawa Vahed, Swayam Prakash, Afshana Quadiri, Izabela Coimbra Ibraim, Etinosa Omorogieva, Swena Patel, Jimmy Tadros, Emma Jane Liao, Lauren Lau, Aziz A. Chentoufi, Anthony B. Nesburn, Baruch D. Kuppermann, Jeffrey B. Ulmer, Daniel Gil, Lbachir BenMohamed

“…We demonstrated that this “asymptomatic” multi-epitope vaccine conferred robust protection against infection and disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (XBB.1.5) variants as assessed by: (i) prevention of weight loss, (ii) reduction of virus replication, and (iii) lung pathology. …”
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Protective Efficacy of an mRNA Vaccine Against HP-PRRSV Challenge in Piglets by Jiaqi Liu, Shiting Ni, Yaning Lv, Ze Tong, Pingxuan Liu, Xin Zong, Guosheng Chen, Yan Zeng, Chenchen Wang, Chen Tan

“…Compared with the inactivated vaccine group, the mRNA vaccine group presented reductions in viremia and lung lesions. These findings provide new insights into the design and development of further PRRS vaccine research.…”
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Development of an <i>in vitro</i> model to study the role of disulfide bonds in the largest extracellular domain of the sodium-dependent phosphate transporter NaPi2b in OVCAR-8 ova... by V. S. Skripova, D. A. Firsova, A. V. Kilunov, L. F. Bulatova, M. A. Poputsky, R. G. Kiyamova

“…Understanding the mechanism of formation of the cryptic MX35 epitope will make it possible to find new cryptic epitopes in the extracellular domains of transmembrane proteins, which can be used as targets for antitumor therapy.…”
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Protective immunity induced by a novel P1 adhesin C-terminal anchored mRNA vaccine against Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in BALB/c mice by Qilin Zeng, Peiyuan Sun, Weiwei Li, Yuanyuan Tang, Yuxuan Hu, Jun Zhou, Yanxia Zhou, Liesong Chen, Wu Yimou

“…We have developed an mRNA vaccine harnessing this dominant antigenic epitope and assessed its protective immunity in BALB/c mice against M. pneumoniae infection. …”
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RD5-mediated lack of PE_PGRS and PPE-MPTR export in BCG vaccine strains results in strong reduction of antigenic repertoire but little impact on protection. by Louis S Ates, Fadel Sayes, Wafa Frigui, Roy Ummels, Merel P M Damen, Daria Bottai, Marcel A Behr, Jeroen W J van Heijst, Wilbert Bitter, Laleh Majlessi, Roland Brosch

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Isolation and Characterization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus G2c Strains Circulating in China from 2021 to 2024 by Xi Lu, Chen Chen, Zixuan Wang, Anding Zhang

“…Further amino acid sequence analysis of the spike (S) protein identified several mutations in key neutralizing epitopes compared with the AJ1102 strain, including S27L, E57A, N139D, M214T, and P229L in the S-NTD epitope; A520S, F539L, K566N, D569E, G612V, P634S, E636V/K in the COE epitope; and Y1376H in the 2C10 epitope, along with several deletions at N-glycosylation sites (347NSSD and 510NITV). …”
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