Study on flexural cracking characteristics of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete beams with BFRP bars by Huayi Wang, Ming Zhou, Bingyan Wei, Chao Wu, Zhiyi Tang, Sitian Zhang, Jia He

“…The results show that PP fibers do not change the flexural failure characteristics of BFRP beams but can increase the ultimate load (by 10.4 % - 36.6 %) and the deflection corresponding to the ultimate load (by 20.9 % - 50.6 %). …”
Get full text

Interspecific Variations in Interplant Communication and Ecological Characteristics in Trees by Akira Yamawo, Tomika Hagiwara, Satomi Yoshida, Misuzu Ohno, Riku Nakajima, Yusuke Mori, Tamayo Hayashi, Hiroki Yamagishi, Kaori Shiojiri

“…In addition, we hypothesize that states of mycorrhizal symbiosis (arbuscular mycorrhizal or ectomycorrhiza) which relation to population density can predict the development of interplant communication in trees. We tested induced defense as an indicator of communication in saplings of nine tree species with various complexities of architecture (number of leaves per shoot) and either low (low population density: LPD) or HPD, either exposed for 10 days to volatiles from a damaged conspecific or not exposed. …”
Get full text

From gut to liver: Exploring the crosstalk between gut-liver axis and oxidative stress in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by Mi Zhou, Jianyu Lv, Xinli Chen, Yujie Shi, Guanqun Chao, Shuo Zhang

“…Our analysis reveals several key findings: (1) Bile acid dysregulation can trigger oxidative stress through enhanced ROS production in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation; (2) Gut microbiota dysbiosis disrupts intestinal barrier function, allowing increased translocation of endotoxins like LPS, which activate inflammatory pathways through TLR4 signaling and promote oxidative stress via NADPH oxidase activation; (3) The redox-sensitive transcription factors NF-κB and Nrf2 serve as crucial mediators in the gut-liver axis, with NF-κB regulating inflammatory responses and Nrf2 orchestrating antioxidant defenses; (4) Oxidative stress-induced damage to intestinal barrier function creates a destructive feedback loop, further exacerbating liver inflammation and disease progression. …”
Get full text

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mitigate cadmium stress in maize by Qiqiang Kuang, Yujie Wu, Yamin Gao, Tingting An, Shuo Liu, Liyan Liang, Bingcheng Xu, Suiqi Zhang, Min Yu, Sergey Shabala, Yinglong Chen

“…Overall, AM symbiosis alleviated Cd toxicity in maize through multiple mechanisms, including enhanced photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, antioxidant defenses, and modulation of Cd transport and accumulation. …”
Get full text

Photoreconfigurable Metasurface for Independent Full-Space Control of Terahertz Waves by Zhengxuan Jiang, Guowen Ding, Xinyao Luo, Shenyun Wang

“…Furthermore, the proposed metasurface induces a +1 order orbital angular momentum in transmission and +2 order in reflection, facilitating beam deflection through metasurface convolution principles. …”
Get full text

Comprehensive profiling of gut bacterial communities in hybrid red tilapia with and without streptococcosis by Pathamawan Amthungphong, Natthaphong Sombuttra, Triwit Rattanarojpong, Kanthida Kusonmano, Saengchan Senapin, Satid Chatchaiphan, Watanalai Panbangred, Jirayut Euanorasetr

“…The gut microbiome is crucial in regulating nutrient metabolism, immune responses, and defense mechanisms against diseases. This study aimed to comprehensively compare bacterial community profiles within the foregut, midgut, and hindgut regions of red tilapia fish with and without streptococcosis. …”
Get full text

Study on the Load Characteristics of the Planetary Gear Transmission System with Addendum Modification While Considering Errors by Xu Pengpeng, Chen Lifeng, Zhao Yingjun

“…Its vibration amplitude of the planetary gear transmission system is greatly affected by the radial offset, and the large radial offset has the greatest impact on the load of the planetary gear. Small deflections of the planetary gear during installation can lead to large changes in the load characteristics. …”
Get full text

Experimental Behavior of the Curved Continuous Twin I-Girder Composite Bridge with a Precast Concrete Slab Subjected to Bending, Shear, and Torsion by Chuandong Shen, Yifan Song, Lei Yan, Yuan Li, Xueli Wang, Shuanhai He

“…In this paper, load-deflection relationship and strain development of steel girders, concrete slab, and reinforcement at key sections were tested and analyzed. …”
Get full text

Enhancing soybean germination and vigor under water stress: the efficacy of bio-priming with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and gum arabic by Aisha Almakas, Aisha Almakas, Ahmed S. Elrys, Ahmed S. Elrys, El-Sayed M. Desoky, Laila A. Al-Shuraym, Sadeq K. Alhag, Mohammed O. Alshaharni, Fawze Alnadari, Zhang NanNan, Zhang NanNan, Zunaira Farooq, Zunaira Farooq, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Tuanjie Zhao, Tuanjie Zhao

“…Notable reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), suggest that 10% CG priming mitigates oxidative damage through enhanced antioxidant defense mechanisms. Moreover, 10% CG seed priming improved germination and growth parameters under flooding stress, but the advantages were less significant. …”
Get full text

Preventive treatment with guarana powder (Paullinia cupana) mitigates acute paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress by Clécia Dias Teixeira, Priscila Oliveira Barbosa, Wanderson Geraldo Lima, Gustavo Silveira Breguez, Miliane Martins de Andrade Fagundes, Daniela Caldeira Costa, Cintia Lopes de Brito Magalhães, Joana Ferreira Amaral, Melina Oliveira de Souza

“…Our results suggest that preventive treatment with guarana can attenuate oxidative damage, modulate antioxidant defense gene expression, and protect against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, highlighting guarana powder as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent liver damage induced by high doses of paracetamol.…”
Get full text

Are you tuned in to others' mind? A cross-modal evaluation of affective theory of mind in people with Parkinson's disease by Elisa Menozzi, Daniela Ballotta, Francesco Cavallieri, Stefania Tocchini, Sara Contardi, Valentina Fioravanti, Franco Valzania, Paolo F. Nichelli, Francesca Benuzzi

“…The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether affective ToM abilities are impaired in PD using multiple stimulus modalities and whether they are related to disease duration and cognitive/emotional abilities.Twenty mid-stage, non-demented people with PD and 20 matched controls were evaluated by means of two tasks requiring subjects to infer others' mental states from the eyes' expression – the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) test, and from the emotional prosody – a modified version of the Reading the Mind in the Voice (RMV) test. …”
Get full text

Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. by Mohamad Javad Babaei, Amin Ebrahimi, Parviz Heidari, Elham Azadvari, Shahrokh Gharanjik, Zeinab Chaghakaboodi

“…The study also highlighted TiO2 NPs’ affirmative impact on defense signaling pathways, including abscisic acid, nitric oxide, and auxin, in fenugreek. …”
Get full text

In silico comparative genomic analysis unravels a new candidate protein arsenal specifically associated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis pathogenesis by Hafida Ayada, Boutayna Dhioui, Hamid Mazouz, Abdelhay El harrak, Fatima Jaiti, Bouchra Ouhmidou, Mohammed Diouri, Mohieddine Moumni

“…Those include effectors encoded by Foa unique genes that are involved in Foa penetration (Egh16-like family), host defense mechanisms suppression (lysM family) and pathogen protection (cysteine-rich protein family). …”
Get full text

Wheat Leaf Rust Effector Pt48115 Localized in the Chloroplasts and Suppressed Wheat Immunity by Lulu Song, Liping Cui, Hao Li, Na Zhang, Wenxiang Yang

“…Furthermore, Pt48115 inhibited callose deposition and reactive oxygen species accumulation in the wheat cultivar Thatcher, demonstrating that it is an effector that enhances <i>Pt</i> virulence by suppressing wheat defense responses. Our findings lay a foundation for future studies on the pathogenesis of <i>Pt</i> during wheat–fungus interaction.…”
Get full text

Basic Molecular Biology, Metabolic and Immunological Mechanisms of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation by O. V. Goloshchapov, A. V. Beynarovich, A. B. Chukhlovin, R. V. Klementeva, A. A. Shcherbakov, E. A. Bakin, I. K. Golubovskaya, N. D. Ventslovayte, O. S. Yudintseva, M. V. Gorchakova, V. E. Karev, M. A. Kucher, M. A. Suvorova, E. V. Svetkina, G. G. Rodionov, V. V. Gostev, S. V. Sidorenko, I. S. Moiseev, A. D. Kulagin

“…However, immunosuppressive therapy was canceled on D+106 after haplo-HSCT due to the detection of minimal residual disease causing development of the ‘overlap’-type GVHD with damage skin lesions grade 4, and intestinal mucous membranes grade 3. …”
Get full text

Cranial reconstruction utilizing polymeric implants in two different designs: finite element investigation by Yomna H. Shash

“…Materials and methods A three-dimensional model of a defective skull was rehabilitated with a custom-made cranial implant. …”
Get full text

Finite element investigation for improving chest wall reconstruction process using ceramic and polymeric implants by Yomna H. Shash

“…In this research, customized implants for the ribs and cartilages are used to repair the defective portion of the chest wall. The implants are made from various materials, including stiff bioceramics (alumina and zirconia), soft polymers (polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyethylene (PE)), and polymeric composites (carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK 30 and 60% (CFP 30 and 60%)) as alternatives for titanium. …”
Get full text

Uticaj individualnih ložišta na biomasu na zagađenost vazduha u urbanim sredinama by Vladimir Vukašinović, Dusan Gordic, Jelena Nikolić, Mladen Josijević, Davor Končalović

“…Ove supstance su opasne po zdravlje ljudi i imaju negativne efekte na kvalitet vazduha. Pored toga, sagorevanje biomase na visokim temperaturama može generisati azotne okside (NOx), čime se dodatno pogoršava ekološki uticaj. …”
Get full text

Relationship of Autophagic Dysfunction With the Quality of Life and Sleep, Depression and Disease Severity in Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome by Esen Çiçekli, Hamza Malik Okuyan, Canan Birimoğlu Okuyan, Şeyda Öznur Ayçiçek, Dilcan Kotan

“…Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of healthy cellular physiology, cell viability, and defense against pathogenic conditions. However, there is no study investigating the possible role of autophagy‐related proteins (ATGs) in RLS patients. …”
Get full text

Theoretical Study of Sphingomyelinases from <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> and <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> Sheds Light on the Evolution of Enzymes Needed for Survival and Colonizati... by Fátima Berenice Ramírez-Montiel, Sairy Yarely Andrade-Guillen, Ana Laura Medina-Nieto, Ángeles Rangel-Serrano, José A. Martínez-Álvarez, Javier de la Mora, Naurú Idalia Vargas-Maya, Claudia Leticia Mendoza-Macías, Felipe Padilla-Vaca, Bernardo Franco

“…Pathogens require a set of enzymes for tissue damage generation and to obtain nourishment, as well as a toolbox full of alternatives to bypass host defense mechanisms. Our group has shown that the parasitic protist <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> encodes for 14 sphingomyelinases (SMases); one of them (acid sphingomyelinase 6, aSMase6) is involved in repairing membrane damage and exhibits hemolytic activity. …”
Get full text