Recent Developed Strategies for Enhancing Chondrogenic Differentiation of MSC: Impact on MSC-Based Therapy for Cartilage Regeneration by Kangkang Zha, Zhiqiang Sun, Yu Yang, Mingxue Chen, Cangjiang Gao, Liwei Fu, Hao Li, Xiang Sui, Quanyi Guo, Shuyun Liu

“…This review provides an overview of recent advances in enhancement strategies for MSC chondrogenic differentiation, including optimization of bioactive factors, culture conditions, cell type selection, coculture, gene editing, scaffolds, and physical stimulation. …”
Get full text

The role of IFN-γ/CXCL10 axis in Mycoplasma pneumonia infection by Yanxia Zou, Feng Huang, Jiying Sun, Yidan Zheng, Ge Dai, Ting Wang, Canhong Zhu, Yongdong Yan, Renzheng Wang, Zhengrong Chen

“…Moreover, numbers of macrophages, predominantly with a M1 phenotype, were significantly increased in BALFs of children of MPP. In vitro, coculture with IFN-γ or activated CD4+ Th1 cells significantly promoted CXCL10 expressions in THP-1 derived macrophages, which was largely reversed by siRNA-mediated down regulation of STAT1. …”
Get full text

TIM‐4 increases the proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma microenvironment by inhibiting IL‐6 secretion by Ziyao Wang, Zerong Xie, Yu Mou, Ruiman Geng, Chen Chen, Nengwen Ke

“…Finally, the relationship between TIM‐4 and T lymphocytes was analyzed by tissue microarray, and the impacts of TIM‐4 on T cell subsets were observed by cell coculture technology and a mouse pancreatic cancer in situ model. …”
Get full text

Endometrial Cancer Cells Promote M2-Like Macrophage Polarization by Delivering Exosomal miRNA-21 under Hypoxia Condition by Li Xiao, Yumin He, Fan Peng, Jianlin Yang, Chengfu Yuan

“…In addition, hypoxia markedly stimulated the increase in miRNA-21 expression in the exosomes. After coculture, we found that exosomal miRNA-21 could be horizontally transferred into THP-1 cells. …”
Get full text

Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Modulates the In Vitro Inflammatory Crosstalk between Intestinal Epithelial and Endothelial Cells by Daniela Ferrari, Francesco Cimino, Deborah Fratantonio, Maria Sofia Molonia, Romina Bashllari, Rossana Busà, Antonella Saija, Antonio Speciale

“…In this study, by using a coculture in vitro system, we aimed to evaluate the effects of TNF-α-stimulated intestinal cells on endothelial cells activation, as well as the protective effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G). …”
Get full text

ATP Induces Disruption of Tight Junction Proteins via IL-1 Beta-Dependent MMP-9 Activation of Human Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro by Fuxing Yang, Kai Zhao, Xiufeng Zhang, Jun Zhang, Bainan Xu

“…Degradation of tight junction proteins (TJPs) such as ZO-1 and occludin occurs, which finally contributes to disruption of BBB. A contact coculture system using human astrocytes and hCMEC/D3, an immortalized human brain endothelial cell line, was used to mimic BBB in vitro. …”
Get full text

Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Target TLR4 via miRNA-326-3p to Regulate Skin Fibroblasts Senescence by Xinni Yang, Jiyong Tan, Jiqing Shen, Xin Zhang, Gaoxiang Huang, Xiaoxue Su, Jing Li

“…The target gene of miRNA were identified using a double luciferase reporter assay. miR-326-3p mimic/inhibitor and siRNA-TLR4 can demonstrate a nonnegligible link between miR-326-3p-TLR4 and skin aging. Results. In coculture experiment, senescence endothelial cells could promote the skin fibroblasts senescence and apoptosis via extracellular vesicles pathway. …”
Get full text

Factor-Reduced Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Efficiently Differentiate into Neurons Independent of the Number of Reprogramming Factors by Andreas Hermann, Jeong Beom Kim, Sumitra Srimasorn, Holm Zaehres, Peter Reinhardt, Hans R. Schöler, Alexander Storch

“…After four weeks of coculture with PA6 stromal cells, neuronal differentiation of hiPSC1F-NSC and hiPSC2F-NSC was as efficient as iPSC3F-FIB or iPSC4F-FIB. …”
Get full text

Triptolide Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption In Vitro via Enhancing the Production of IL-10 and TGF-β1 by Regulatory T Cells by Huihui Xu, Hongyan Zhao, Cheng Lu, Qi Qiu, Gui Wang, Jing Huang, Minghui Guo, Baosheng Guo, Yong Tan, Cheng Xiao

“…When the coculture systems were pretreated with triptolide, they produced higher levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1. …”
Get full text

Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles prime alveolar macrophages for autophagy and ferroptosis in sepsis-induced acute lung injury by Rongzong Ye, Yating Wei, Jingwen Li, Yu Zhong, Xiukai Chen, Chaoqian Li

“…Moreover, the levels of LCN2, miR-122-5p, and miR-223-3p were identified as independent predictors of septic ARDS. The in vitro coculture results revealed that the effects of LPS-EVs from the plasma of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), which carry pro-inflammatory EVs, were partly mediated by miR-223-3p, as evidenced by the promotion of inflammation, autophagy and ferroptosis in AMs. …”
Get full text

Derivation and Identification of Motor Neurons from Human Urine-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Huan Yi, Bingbing Xie, Ben Liu, Xuan Wang, Li Xu, Jia Liu, Min Li, Xiufeng Zhong, Fuhua Peng

“…With the use of small molecules, mature MNs were generated from urine-iPSCs as early as 26 days in culture. Furthermore, in coculture with muscle cells, MNs projected long axons and formed neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). …”
Get full text

Cell-Based Strategies for Meniscus Tissue Engineering by Wei Niu, Weimin Guo, Shufeng Han, Yun Zhu, Shuyun Liu, Quanyi Guo

“…According to current studies, the main cell-based strategies for meniscus tissue engineering are single cell type strategies; cell coculture strategies also were applied to meniscus tissue engineering. …”
Get full text

Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Serum for Culturing the Supportive Feeder Cells of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines by Ruttachuk Rungsiwiwut, Praewphan Ingrungruanglert, Pranee Numchaisrika, Pramuan Virutamasen, Tatsanee Phermthai, Kamthorn Pruksananonda

“…The feeder cells are usually grown in a culture medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) prior to coculture with hPSCs. The use of FBS might limit the clinical application of hPSCs. …”
Get full text

Distinct Redox Signalling following Macrophage Activation Influences Profibrotic Activity by Caitlin V. Lewis, Antony Vinh, Henry Diep, Chrishan S. Samuel, Grant R. Drummond, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper

“…Amplex Red and DCF fluorescence assays detected increased hydrogen peroxide generation following stimulation with IL-4, but not IFN-γ+LPS. Coculture with human aortic adventitial fibroblasts revealed that M(IL-4), but not M(IFN-γ+LPS), enhanced fibroblast collagen 1 protein expression. …”
Get full text

Autologous Microfragmented Adipose Tissue Reduces the Catabolic and Fibrosis Response in an In Vitro Model of Tendon Cell Inflammation by Marco Viganò, Gaia Lugano, Carlotta Perucca Orfei, Alessandra Menon, Enrico Ragni, Alessandra Colombini, Paola De Luca, Pietro Randelli, Laura de Girolamo

“…Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated after 48 hours of transwell coculture of TCs and autologous μFAT in the presence or absence of IL-1β. …”
Get full text

Bacterial Isolation from Natural Grassland on Nitrogen-Free Agar Yields Many Strains Without Nitrogenase by Amrit Koirala, Nabilah Ali Alshibli, Bikram K. Das, Volker S. Brözel

“…Streaking of the 432 isolates on nitrogen-rich R2A revealed many cocultures. In most cases, only one community member then grew on NFA, indicating the coexistence of nonfixers in coculture with fixers when growing under nitrogen-limited conditions. …”
Get full text

Role of Regulatory B Cells in the Progression of Cervical Cancer by Zhifang Chen, Yuejie Zhu, Rong Du, Nannan Pang, Fengbo Zhang, Di Dong, Jianbing Ding, Yan Ding

“…The level of IL-10 in the culture supernatant of Bregs treated with CpG was significantly higher than that of non-Bregs (P<0.05). After coculture with Bregs, the quantity of CD8+ T cells to secrete perforin and Granzyme B was significantly decreased, and this effect was reversed after blocking IL-10 by a specific antibody. …”
Get full text

Genomics Analysis of Metabolic Pathways of Human Stem Cell-Derived Microglia-Like Cells and the Integrated Cortical Spheroids by Julie Bejoy, Xuegang Yuan, Liqing Song, Thien Hua, Richard Jeske, Sébastien Sart, Qing-Xiang Amy Sang, Yan Li

“…To add built-in immune function, coculture of the dorsal forebrain spheroids with isogenic microglia-like cells (D-MG) was performed in our study. …”
Get full text

Bone Marrow Neutrophils of Multiple Myeloma Patients Exhibit Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Activity by Julia Petersson, Sandra Askman, Åsa Pettersson, Stina Wichert, Thomas Hellmark, Åsa C. M. Johansson, Markus Hansson

“…Instead, they became activated during coculture, indicating that contact with activated T-cells is important for their ability to regulate T-cells. …”
Get full text

CD300E+ macrophages facilitate liver regeneration after splenectomy in decompensated cirrhotic patients by Tao Yang, Yuan Zhang, Chujun Duan, Hui Liu, Dong Wang, Qingshan Liang, Xiao Chen, Jingchang Ma, Kun Cheng, Yong Chen, Ran Zhuang, Jikai Yin

“…Moreover, a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis and a coculture system consisting of primary bone marrow-derived macrophages and hepatocytes were established for validation. …”
Get full text