Field intercomparison of ice nucleation measurements: the Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation Phase 3 (FIN-03) by P. J. DeMott, J. A. Mirrielees, J. A. Mirrielees, S. S. Petters, S. S. Petters, S. S. Petters, D. J. Cziczo, D. J. Cziczo, M. D. Petters, M. D. Petters, M. D. Petters, H. G. Bingemer, T. C. J. Hill, K. Froyd, K. Froyd, K. Froyd, S. Garimella, S. Garimella, A. G. Hallar, A. G. Hallar, E. J. T. Levin, E. J. T. Levin, I. B. McCubbin, I. B. McCubbin, A. E. Perring, A. E. Perring, A. E. Perring, C. N. Rapp, T. Schiebel, T. Schiebel, J. Schrod, K. J. Suski, K. J. Suski, D. Weber, D. Weber, M. J. Wolf, M. J. Wolf, M. Zawadowicz, M. Zawadowicz, J. Zenker, J. Zenker, O. Möhler, S. D. Brooks

“…<p>The third phase of the Fifth International Ice Nucleation Workshop (FIN-03) was conducted at the Storm Peak Laboratory in Steamboat Springs, Colorado, in September 2015 to facilitate the intercomparison of instruments measuring ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the field. …”
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Analysis of the Effectiveness of Hydrogel Based on Patikan Kebo Leaf Extract and Honey in Therapy of II Degree Burns by Winda Puji Lestari Roro, Khorinnisa Hayatul, Nurtiara Alma, Lita Septiana Enggel, Yuliyanti Dwi, Nur Handayani Santi

“…Treatment of burns such as using toothpaste, butter, oil, and ice is less effective in treating burns. …”
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Preindustrial-to-present-day changes in atmospheric carbon monoxide: agreement and gaps between ice archives and global model reconstructions by X. Faïn, S. Szopa, V. Naïk, P. Martinerie, D. M. Etheridge, D. M. Etheridge, R. H. Rhodes, C. M. Trudinger, C. M. Trudinger, V. V. Petrenko, K. Fourteau, P. Place, P. Place

“…Such agreement supports CMIP6 biomass burning CO emission inventories, which do not reveal a peak in CO emissions in the late 19th century. …”
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Advances in the Research on Brown Carbon Aerosols: Its Concentrations, Radiative Forcing, and Effects on Climate by Shuai Li, Hua Zhang, Zhili Wang, Yonghang Chen

“…This paper reviews recent advances in research on the radiative forcing of BrC, its effects on temperature and precipitation, and snow/ice albedo. Recent research suggests that: (1) Climate effects of aerosols can be represented more accurately when including BrC absorption in climate models; the regions with the highest global mean surface BrC concentrations estimated by models are mostly Southeast Asia and South America (biomass burning), East Asia and northeast India (biofuel burning), and Europe and North America (secondary sources); estimates of BrC radiative forcing are quite erratic, with a range of around 0.03–0.57 W m−2. (2) BrC heating lead to tropical expansion and a reduction in deep convective mass fluxes in the upper troposphere; cloud fraction and cloud type have a substantial impact on the heating rate estimates of BrC. …”
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High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of refractory black carbon particles deposited in northwestern Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 2: Seasonal and tempora... by K. Goto-Azuma, K. Goto-Azuma, Y. Ogawa-Tsukagawa, K. Fukuda, K. Fujita, M. Hirabayashi, R. Dallmayr, R. Dallmayr, J. Ogata, N. Moteki, T. Mori, S. Ohata, Y. Kondo, M. Koike, S. Matoba, M. Kadota, A. Tsushima, A. Tsushima, N. Nagatsuka, N. Nagatsuka, T. Aoki

“…The rBC that originated from biomass burning showed no trend in increase until the early 2000s. …”
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Who will protect the night's Watch? Legislative reform and a state apparatus for the comprehensive shielding of South African whistleblowers by Radulović Ugljesa

“…These whistleblowers enacted the role of the Night's Watch, much like the eponymous military order in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire high fantasy novels. Utilizing a qualitative approach encompassing two research methods, this paper establishes that whistleblowers protected South Africa alone like a fire burning against the cold, being subjected to various forms of retaliation. …”
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Potential impacts of marine fuel regulations on an Arctic stratocumulus case and its radiative response by L. F. Escusa dos Santos, L. F. Escusa dos Santos, H. C. Frostenberg, A. Baró Pérez, A. M. L. Ekman, A. M. L. Ekman, L. Ickes, E. S. Thomson

“…<p>Increased surface warming over the Arctic triggered by increased greenhouse gas concentrations and feedback processes in the climate system has been causing a steady decline in sea-ice extent and thickness. With the retreating sea ice, shipping activity will likely increase in the future, driven by economic activity and the potential for realizing time and fuel savings from using shorter trade routes. …”
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Permafrost Dynamics Observatory: 3. Remote Sensing Big Data for the Active Layer, Soil Moisture, and Greening and Browning by Elizabeth Wig, Kevin Schaefer, Roger Michaelides, Richard Chen, Leah K. Clayton, Brittany Fager, Lingcao Huang, Andrew D. Parsekian, Howard Zebker, Yingtong Zhang, Yuhuan Zhao

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