Legal basis for providing legal aid to a detained person in the context of international standards and practice of the European Court of Human Rights by M. М. Kolomoitsev

“…Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches to the essence of the institute of detention of a person, the article substantiates the position that detention is a procedural action which has a temporary restrictive nature of the rights of a person who was detained during the commission or attempted commission of a criminal offence, immediately after the commission of a criminal offence or during the continuous prosecution of a person suspected of a criminal offence, and which aims to ensure further pre-trial investigation, clarification of the circumstances of the event which occurred. …”
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A new approach to children’s work that prioritises resilience, well-being and agency: emerging findings from a ‘cash plus’ intervention in Bangladesh by Neil Howard, Keetie Roelen, Giel Ton, Mauricio Espinoza Hermoza, Saklain Al Mamun, Kabita Chowdhury, Taslima Aktar, Lopita Huq

“…Background Criticism of mainstream approaches to child labour is widespread and well-established. The Child Labour Action Research in South and Southeast Asia (CLARISSA) Cash Plus pilot sought to address these critiques through an innovative programme that prioritised the development of household resilience and well-being, and through increasing household capacity to make alternative choices around children’s work.Research Funded by the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, this pilot delivered unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) and needs-based case management and community mobilising across an entire slum neighbourhood in Dhaka, Bangladesh. …”
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Circumstances to Be Clarified under the Investigation of Interference into Law Enforcement Officer’s Activity by V. O. Gusieva

“…It has been established that the circumstances to be clarified during the interference in the activities of a law enforcement officer include: 1) circumstances related to the criminal offense, namely: time, place, situation and traces of a criminal offense, methods of its commission (preparation, direct commission and concealment), tools and means used during the interference, the scope of procedural costs; circumstances that are the basis for ceasing criminal proceedings; the reasons and conditions that contributed to the commission of a criminal offense; 2) circumstances related to the identity of the victim, including: socio-demographic characteristics of the victim, place of work, position held; official and functional responsibilities, the victim’s belonging to a law enforcement agency during the commission of a criminal offense against him; the type and scope of damage caused to the victim; 3) circumstances related to the identity of the offender, namely: socio-demographic data of the offender, physiological and psychological condition, gender, citizenship, financial status, place of work, the record of criminal conviction and the facts of bringing to administrative liability; the presence of dependent disabled people; the presence of guilt in the form of direct intent, the purpose of the action; circumstances that aggravate or mitigate the punishment of the offender are grounds for releasing from criminal liability or punishment that exclude criminal liability; presence of accomplices.…”
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Availability, pricing, and affordability of antithrombotic medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: implications for health policy by Selam Birhanu, Melaku Tileku Tamiru, Hanan Muzeyin Kedir, Tamrat Assefa Tadesse

“…This study utilized the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Health Action Organization methodology. Five public hospital outpatient pharmacies, four private hospitals, ten private pharmacies, four Kenema pharmacies, and two Red Cross pharmacies in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, were included in the study. …”
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Creep Energy Evolution of Red-Bed Soft Rocks in South China under Chemical-Stress-Seepage Coupling by Shuguang Zhang, Fanyao Peng, Yingbo Li, Zhifeng Liu, Wenbo Liu

“…The red-bed soft rocks in South China have obvious creep characteristics and are prone to engineering geological disasters such as landslide and foundation settlement under the action of rainfall, groundwater, and load. In order to reveal its creep characteristics and mechanism under complex conditions, a step-loading creep test was carried out under chemical-stress-seepage coupling, and the energy evolution law of the whole creep process was analyzed based on linear energy storage and energy dissipation theory. …”
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4-Aminoquinoline as a privileged scaffold for the design of leishmanicidal agents: structure–property relationships and key biological targets by Angel H. Romero, Francisco Delgado

“…These facts make it possible to generate safe leishmanicidal agents targeted at key aspects of parasite survival.The current review summarizes the most current examples of leishmanicidal agents based on 4-aminoquinolines focusing the analysis on two essential aspects: (i) structure–property relationship to identify the key pharmacophores and (ii) mode of action focused on key targets in parasite survival (e.g., depolarization of potential mitochondrial, accumulation into macrophage lysosome, and immunostimulation of host cells). …”
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Research review of network defense decision-making methods based on attack and defense game by Xiaohu LIU, Hengwei ZHANG, Junqiang MA, Yuchen ZHANG, Jinglei TAN

“…Game theory studies the optimal decision-making problem under the condition of conflict confrontation.It is one of the basic theories of cyberspace security, and can provide a theoretical basis for solving the problem of network defense decision-making.The six game characteristics of network attack and defense were defined, such as goal opposition, strategy dependence, non-cooperative relationship, incomplete information, dynamic evolution and interest drive.Based on the hypothesis of rational player and limited resources, a 5-tuple network attack and defense game model was formally defined by using player, attack and defense strategy set, attack and defense action set, attack and defense information set and attack and defense income.The existing conditions of game equilibrium were analyzed, and the general process of network defense decision-making based on attack and defense game model was summarized.The applicable scenarios of network defense decision-making methods based on eight different types of game models were analyzed, such as complete information static game, complete information dynamic game, incomplete information static game, incomplete information dynamic game, evolutionary game, differential game, time game and random game, and summarizes their research ideas.The advantages and disadvantages of network defense decision-making methods based on different types of game models were given.The development process of network defense decision-making method based on attack defense game was summarized, and the advantages and characteristics of defense decision-making method was explained.It were pointed out that there were three problems in the research process, such as the relationship between the number of factors considered in game modeling and the complexity of the model, the dependence of game reasoning on information and data, and the generalization and migration of game model.It also looked forward to the next research direction from the description mechanism of normative strategy, the calculation method of optimizing revenue and the integration with other network security technologies.And the problems that should be solved were explained.…”
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Investigating the Relationship between Automatic Negative Thoughts and Experiential Avoidance with Psychological Distress and the Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation in... by Ahmad Alipour, Afsaneh Rahimi, Shahin Shadnia, Mitra Rahimi, Peyman Erfan Talab Evini, Sayed Masoud Hosseini, Babak Mostafazadeh

“…Participants underwent interviews utilizing standardized questionnaires including Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire along with its nine subscales. …”
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Lactococcus lactis and Bifidobacterium bifidum alleviate postmenopausal symptoms by suppressing NF-κB signaling and microbiota dysbiosis by Yoon-Jung Shin, Xiaoyang Ma, Min-Kyung Joo, Ji-Su Baek, Dong-Hyun Kim

“…Abstract To understand the action mechanism of probiotics against postmenopausal symptoms, we examined the effects of Lactococcus lactis P32 (PL) and Bifidobacterium bifidum P45 (PB), which suppressed interleukin (IL)-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) ligand (RNAKL) expression in Gardnerella vaginalis (Gv)-stimulated macrophages, on vaginitis, osteoporosis, and depression/cognitive impairment (DC) in mice with vaginally infected Gv, ovariectomy (Ov), or Ov/Gv (oG). …”
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Layanan bimbingan dan konseling Islam dalam mengatasi masalah perkembangan remaja by Meylin Hidayatullah, Kamelia Kamelia

“…Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah action research dalam setting pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis transaksional. …”
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Role of Long-Acting Porcine Sequence ACTH (Acton Prolongatum) Stimulated Cortisol in Assessing Glucocorticoid Status in COVID-19 Patients by Vijay S. R. Danda, Chandrashekhar Bhandiwad, Sharmila Palle, Srinivas R. Paidipally, Vivek Kyatham

“…Random cortisol, plasma ACTH, and action prolongatum stimulated cortisol were measured, categorized, and analyzed. …”
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CWPO mechanism for toxic dye degradation in the presence of Cu@FbHAp catalyst: DFT study, performance analysis, response surface methodology, regeneration, and cost estimation by Youssef Miyah, Mohammed Benjelloun, Fatiha Mejbar, Salma Ssouni, Mohamed El-Habacha, Soulaiman Iaich, Noureddine El Messaoudi, Marouane Zerrouq, Mohammed Souilah, Anissa Lahrichi, Farid Zerrouq

“…The CWPO process mechanism is essentially based on the action of the 1 % Cu@FbHAp catalyst for hydrogen peroxide decomposition into reactive hydroxyl radicals that attack the chemical bonds of organic dyes, leading to their decolorization. …”
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Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Teucrium persicum Boiss. Extract in Mice by Abdolhossein Miri, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Kaveh Tabrizian, Ali Akbar Nasiri

“…Its exact mechanism of action still remains indistinct.…”
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Clinical characteristics of EGFR-ctDNA shedders in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients by Martina Ruglioni, Iacopo Petrini, Stefania Crucitta, Andrea Sbrana, Giovanna Irene Luculli, Leila Sadeghi Gol, Carola Forte, Antonio Chella, Christian Rolfo, Romano Danesi, Marzia Del Re

“…Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) revolutionized the molecular diagnostics of lung cancer by enabling non-invasive, sensitive identification of actionable mutations. However, ctDNA analysis may be challenging due to tumor shedding variability, leading to false negative results. …”
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Sustainable foam glass property prediction using machine learning: A comprehensive comparison of predictive methods and techniques by Mohamed Abdellatief, Leong Sing Wong, Norashidah Md Din, Ali Najah Ahmed, Abba Musa Hassan, Zainah Ibrahim, G. Murali, Kim Hung Mo, Ahmed El-Shafie

“…By achieving the most precise predictions with minimal error distributions, the GPR model offers actionable insights into FG design. These findings enable the optimization of FG production by providing reliable tools for predicting and controlling porosity and CS, reducing material waste, enhancing product quality, and streamlining manufacturing processes. …”
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Conceptual Perspectives on State Fragility by D. P. Elagin

“…A better understanding of the historical context of state fragility and stricter identification criteria for the subgroup of severely and chronically fragile states allows identifying some structural explanatory factors such as rigidity of pre-independence colonial state borders, heterogeneity of population, and preferences that constraints collective action and small economic size. The literature review presented in the article finds that fragile states often have an insufficient tax base to guarantee the efficient provision of public goods. …”
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Learnings from COVID-19 Forced Lockdown on Regional Air Quality and Mitigation Potential for South Asia by Abhishek Upadhyay, Parth Sarathi Mahapatra, Praveen Kumar Singh, Sishir Dahal, Suresh Pokhrel, Amit Bhujel, Indu Bikram Joshi, Shankar Prasad Paudel, Siva Praveen Puppala, Bhupesh Adhikary

“…Without this deeper understanding, mitigation strategies cannot be effectively targeted, wasting limited resources as well as risking unintended consequences both for the atmosphere and how mitigation action is perceived by the wider public.…”
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Effect of Airflow Temperature on the Formation of Initial Flame Kernel and the Propagation Characteristics of Flame by Jianzhong Li, Jian Chen, Li Yuan, Ge Hu

“…Therefore, the folds around the flame edge mainly result from the stretching under the action of airflow. With the increase in airflow temperature, the heat release of the initial flame kernel increases, and the ratio of perimeter to area as a characterization parameter increases by 8%, 86%, and 33%, respectively. …”
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Puerariae Radix protects against ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation by Yu Ga, Yuanyuan Wei, Qingyu Zhao, Yimeng Fan, Yannan Zhang, Zhifang Zhang, Sijia Hao, Lixia Wang, Zhifen Wang, Jinlong Han, Shuang Wu, Zhihui Hao

“…The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effect of PR using the dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced UC model in mice and identify molecular mechanisms of PR action. The chemical constituents of PR via ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and identifi ed potential PR and UC targets using a network pharmacology (NP) approach were obtained to guide mouse experiments. …”
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Health- and Non–Health-Related Corporate Social Responsibility Statements in Top Selling Restaurant Chains in the U.S. Between 2012 and 2018: A Content Analysis by Megan P. Mueller, PhD, Alyssa Leib, MS, Deborah C. Glik, PhD, Sara N. Bleich, PhD, Jason Wang, PhD, Catherine M. Crespi, PhD, May C. Wang, DrPH

“…Conclusions: There is a need for more actionable health-focused initiatives in the corporate social responsibility statements for chain restaurants. …”
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