Assessing the deep learning based image quality enhancements for the BGO based GE omni legend PET/CT by Meysam Dadgar, Amaryllis Verstraete, Jens Maebe, Yves D’Asseler, Stefaan Vandenberghe

“…Conclusion This study conducted a thorough evaluation of deep learning algorithms in the GE Omni Legend PET/CT scanner, demonstrating that these methods enhance image quality, with notable improvements in CRC and CNR, thereby optimizing lesion detectability and offering opportunities to reduce image acquisition time.…”
Get full text

Revolutionize 3D-Chip Design With Open3DFlow, an Open-Source AI-Enhanced Solution by Yifei Zhu, Zhenxuan Luan, Dawei Feng, Weiwei Chen, Lei Ren, Zhangxi Tan

“…<italic>Open3DFlow</italic>&#x2019;s open-source nature allows seamless integration of custom AI optimization algorithms. As a showcase, we leverage large language models (LLMs) to help the bonding pad placement. …”
Get full text

Programmed cell death signatures-driven microglial transformation in Alzheimer’s disease: single-cell transcriptomics and functional validation by Mi-Mi Li, Ying-Xia Yang, Ya-Li Huang, Shu-Juan Wu, Wan-Li Huang, Li-Chao Ye, Ying-Ying Xu

“…Seventy-seven PCD-related genes were identified, with 70 genes used to construct the PCDS model. The optimal model, combining Stepglm and Random Forest, achieved an average AUC of 0.832 across five cohorts. …”
Get full text

Deciphering microbial and metabolic influences in gastrointestinal diseases-unveiling their roles in gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease by Daryll Philip, Rebecca Hodgkiss, Swarnima Kollampallath Radhakrishnan, Akshat Sinha, Animesh Acharjee

“…These models were then employed for cross-disease analysis, revealing that models trained on GC data successfully predicted IBD biomarkers, while CRC models predicted GC biomarkers with optimal performance scores. …”
Get full text

Mathematical model for prediction of Tuberculosis in Nigeria using hybrid fractional differential equations and artificial neural network methods by Samson Linus Manu, Shikaa Samuel, Taparki Richard, Eshi Priebe Dovi

“…Training of the NN involves minimizing a loss function combining data fit and system constraints, optimized using the Adam and L-BFGS algorithms, achieving a high degree of accuracy with an MSE of 6.005×10−6. …”
Get full text

Ensemble Transformer–Based Detection of Fake and AI–Generated News by Md. Ishraquzzaman, Mohammed Ashraful Islam Chowdhury, Shahreen Rahman, Riasat Khan

“…The proposed ensemble model is optimized by applying model pruning (reducing parameters from 265M to 210M, improving training time by 25%) and dynamic quantization (reducing model size by 50%, maintaining 95.68% accuracy), enhancing scalability and efficiency while minimizing computational overhead. …”
Get full text

EMSAM: enhanced multi-scale segment anything model for leaf disease segmentation by Junlong Li, Quan Feng, Jianhua Zhang, Jianhua Zhang, Sen Yang

“…Both outputs of LFEM and GFEM are then effectively fused in the Feature Fusion Module (FFM), which is optimized with cross-branch and channel attention mechanisms, significantly enhancing the model’s ability to handle blurred boundaries and complex shapes. …”
Get full text

Deep Learning in Defect Detection of Wind Turbine Blades: A Review by Katleho Masita, Ali N. Hasan, Thokozani Shongwe, Hasan Abu Hilal

“…The increasing adoption of wind turbines as a key component of renewable energy generation necessitates the development of efficient and reliable maintenance strategies to ensure their optimal performance and safety. Among the most critical aspects of turbine maintenance is detecting and classifying defects in wind turbine blades, which are constantly exposed to extreme environmental conditions. …”
Get full text

Phase tomography with axial structured illumination by Nishant Goyal, Kedar Khare

“…HT systems go beyond digital holographic microscopes (DHM) that provide a two-dimensional representation of the total accumulated phase acquired by a plane beam on transmission through a 3D sample. While the early HT systems used a direct reconstruction methodology based on the Fourier diffraction theorem, in recent years, there is an increasing shift towards iterative optimization frameworks for solving the 3D RI reconstruction problem. …”
Get full text

Quantitative assessment and Kirschner-wire fixation of an isolated sustentaculum tali fracture in a 7-year-old girl—a case report by Fengyong Mao, Lei Ni, Li Ju

“…Although this investigation offers valuable technical insights, multi-institutional prospective studies are warranted to establish definitive surgical criteria and standardized management algorithms.…”
Get full text

Role of Roadside Units in Cluster Head Election and Coverage Maximization for Vehicle Emergency Services by Ravneet Kaur, Robin Doss, Lei Pan, Chaitanya Singla, Selvarajah Thuseethan

“…Efficient clustering algorithms are critical for enabling the timely dissemination of emergency messages across maximum coverage areas in vehicular networks. …”
Get full text

Post-Quantum Cryptography Resilience in Telehealth Using Quantum Key Distribution by Don Roosan, Rubayat Khan, Saif Nirzhor, Fahmida Hai

“…Future studies should explore additional optimizations, homomorphic encryption, and larger-scale pilots under regulatory standards.…”
Get full text

Low-light image enhancement method based on retinex theory and dual-tree complex wavelet transform by Yuqian Zhang, Jie Jiang, Zhan Wang, Qi Zhang, Yudi Jiang, Jun Liu, Zeyao Hou

“…Unsupervised methods, while reducing dependency on paired images, often suffer from limited data priors, leading to artifacts and subpar image quality. …”
Get full text

Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in Cost Estimation for Project Management Success: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Regression, and Hybrid Models by Md. Mahfuzul Islam Shamim, Abu Bakar bin Abdul Hamid, Tadiwa Elisha Nyamasvisva, Najmus Saqib Bin Rafi

“…Hybrid models combine the strengths of different algorithms, achieving 80–90% accuracy on average, and are particularly effective in complex, multi-faceted projects. …”
Get full text

Analyzing Post-fire Vegetation Dynamics with Ultra-high Resolution Remote Sensing Data by O. Petrov, O. Petrov, A. Medvedev

“…Co-alignment was applied to multi-temporal UAV datasets, and tree segmentation was performed using the algorithms developed for Airborne Laser Scanning (ASL) forest point clouds. …”
Get full text

M3S-GRPred: a novel ensemble learning approach for the interpretable prediction of glucocorticoid receptor antagonists using a multi-step stacking strategy by Nalini Schaduangrat, Hathaichanok Chuntakaruk, Thanyada Rungrotmongkol, Pakpoom Mookdarsanit, Watshara Shoombuatong

“…Abstract Accelerating drug discovery for glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-related disorders, including innovative machine learning (ML)-based approaches, holds promise in advancing therapeutic development, optimizing treatment efficacy, and mitigating adverse effects. …”
Get full text

Urban Heat Island Effect: Remote Sensing Monitoring and Assessment—Methods, Applications, and Future Directions by Lili Zhao, Xuncheng Fan, Tao Hong

“…In terms of applications, the paper elaborates on the practical value of remote sensing technology in identifying thermally vulnerable areas, green space planning, urban material optimization, and decision support for UHI mitigation. …”
Get full text

SARS-COV-2 PREVALENCE IN INDIA COMPARED TO THE REST OF THE GLOBE AND ASCERTAINS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC DURING 2020 IN INDIA by M. Rajesh Kumar Rao, Rabindra N. Padhy, Manoj Kumar Das

“…We ascertain the pandemic burden of COVID-19 disease between India and the rest of the world; monitor the burden of COVID-19 disease in Indian states and union territories compared to other countries with nearly equivalent population sizes, and study the epidemiological characteristics.Material and Methods: A population-based comparative optimization algorithms study was conducted on all COVID positive cases reported by 31st December 2020.Results: Confirmed cases resulted in India with a ratio of 1:7.2 to the rest of the world, with a lower mortality rate with a ratio of 1:12 (CMR per 100,000 people) than other countries. …”
Get full text

Combined Use of Spectral and Structural Features for Improved Early Detection of Pine Shoot Beetle Attacks in Yunnan Pines by Yujie Liu, Youqing Luo, Run Yu, Lili Ren, Qi Jiang, Shaoshun He, Xinqiang Chen, Guangzhao Yang

“…Random forest (RF) was employed to determine the optimal detection model as well as to clarify the contributions of the candidate variables. …”
Get full text

Satellite-based detection of deep-convective clouds: the sensitivity of infrared methods and implications for cloud climatology by A. Z. Kotarba, I. Wojciechowska

“…Global accuracy ranged from 56.6 % (for TROPO) to 72.8 % (for BTD) using an optimal threshold of <span class="inline-formula">−</span>2 K. …”
Get full text