The potential scalability of High-pressure sliding technique for developing ultrafine grained material with enhanced mechanical properties of AA7075 by Eman M. Zayed, Mostafa Shazly, Ahmed El-Sabbagh, Nahed A. El-Mahallawy

“…The utilization of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) provided crucial insights into microstructural evolution and determination of grain size in SPD-processed samples. …”
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Enhanced Electrical Property and Thermal Stability in Lead-Free BNT–BT–BF Ceramics by Kangle Zhou, Enxiang Hou, Yanfeng Qu, Yan Mu, Junjun Wang

“…In this work, lead-free ((1−x)(0.94Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.06BaTiO₃)-xBiFeO₃ (x = 0.08, 0.10, 0.12)) ceramics were synthesized using a conventional solid-state method, with systematic investigation of phase evolution, microstructural characteristics, and their coupled effects on electromechanical performance and thermal stability. …”
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Basic research on the effect of nitrogen content on nitride formation and grain size in titanium microalloyed low carbon steel by Rui Yang, Yang Li, Meng Sun, Shuai Ma, Yunqie Mao, Yanshuo Ma, Tianci Li, Yucheng Wang, Dengyunfei Nie, Zhouhua Jiang

“…These findings provide guidance for controlling nitrogen levels to enhance steel properties through microstructural refinement.…”
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Preparation of fine-grained/ultrafine-grained Nb521 alloy with superior mechanical property by friction stir processing by Haonan Wang, Bowen Li, Xin Xin, Wen Wang, Kuaishe Wang

“…In this work, FSP technology was applied to treat Nb–5W–2Mo–1Zr-0.1C (Nb521) alloys in preparation of fine-grained (FG)/ultrafine-grained (UFG) Nb521 with excellent strength and ductility. The microstructure evolution and mechanical property improvement mechanism were systematically studied for Nb521 alloy through various characterization pathways. …”
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Uniting high strength with large ductility in an additively manufactured fine-grained aluminum alloy by Wenhao Cha, Gan Li, Xi He, Jie Li, Daoxiu Li, Xiangfa Liu, Qiang Zhu, Sida Liu

“…The modified alloy with a more refined and homogeneous microstructure exhibited an excellent strength–ductility combination due to microstructure modification, outperforming most previously reported commercial Al–Si alloys.…”
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Retained austenite in multipass high-strength weld metal with a yield strength exceeding 1100 MPa by Daniel Schrittwieser, Nicole Rinnhofer, David Obersteiner, Hannes Pahr, Oleksandr Glushko, Ronald Schnitzer

“…A quantitative 2D phase map of retained austenite was generated using high-energy X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement. Regardless of the former microstructure, the highest retained austenite contents - up to 7.0 % - are observed in the intercritically reheated zones. …”
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Genetic effect of electric pulse-assisted cold ring rolling-quenching and tempering treatment of M50 bearing steel by ZENG Xiaobao, ZHANG Guoliang, CHEN Yu

“…The evolution behavior of the microstructure during quenching and tempering was systematically analyzed.ResultsThe findings indicate that compared with specimens subjected to conventional cold ring rolling followed by quenching and tempering, those processed via EPCRR-QT exhibited a 15.2% refinement in prior austenite grain size. …”
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Harnessing metastability for grain size control in multiprincipal element alloys during additive manufacturing by Akane Wakai, Jenniffer Bustillos, Noah Sargent, Jamesa L. Stokes, Wei Xiong, Timothy M. Smith, Atieh Moridi

“…Abstract Controlling microstructure in fusion-based metal additive manufacturing (AM) remains a significant challenge due to the many parameters that directly impact solidification condition. …”
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Achieving high strength of the current assisted multi-directional forging 0.4GNPs/Mg–8Al-1Sm composites via modifying the current density by Zehua Yan, Yandong Yu, Wei Zhang, Hao Zhou

“…Current-assisted multi-directional forging (CAMDF) is an emerging technique aimed at enhancing the microstructure and properties of metal-based materials. …”
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3 GPa dual-phase stainless steel from synergistic heterogeneous structure and nano-precipitate by Qiang Li, Lichu Zhou, Hong Gao, Yijie Pan, Jinfeng Ma, Xiaodan Zhang, Jianqing Jiang, Feng Fang

“…For the 2101 duplex stainless steel (DSS), a heterogeneous microstructure composed of sub-25 nm fiber grains and submicron elongated grains was successfully prepared by heavily drawing taking advantage of the heterogeneous microstructural design. …”
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Effect of Pulse Current Treatment on the Wear Resistance of H13 Steel by HU Xinxin, WU Mingxia, XUE Ling, LI Qiang, YANG Yi

“…The annealed H13 hot-work die steel was treated by pulse current, and the resulting changes in microstructure, phase composition,hardness and wear resistance were systematically investigated, which were then compared with those of quenched and tempered specimens.Results showed that pulse current treatment could significantly enhance the wear resistance of H13 hot-work die steel.The treated specimens exhibited a microhardness of 708.2 HV, while the quenched and tempered states showed hardness values of 411.9 HV and 341.6 HV, respectively.Under identical friction conditions, the H13 hot-work die steel specimens treated with pulse current displayed significantly smaller wear volume and shallower wear scar depth than those of both quenched and tempered specimens.Phase analysis and microstructural comparisons further revealed that the pulse current treatment effectively induced grain refinement.…”
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Effect of segregations on mechanical properties and crack propagation in spring steel by B. Žužek, M. Sedlacek, B. Podgornik

“…Another way of improving steel properties is through refining the microstructure and reducing amount of inclusions. …”
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Effect of segregations on mechanical properties and crack propagation in spring steel by B. Žužek, M. Sedlaček, B. Podgornik

“…Another way of improving steel properties is through refining the microstructure and reducing amount of inclusions. …”
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Influence of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Nickel–Aluminum Bronze by Carmen M. Abreu, Iria Feijoo, Gloria Pena, M. Consuelo Pérez

“…These improvements are attributed to the significant refinement and homogenization of the microstructure, including the globularization of the kI, kII, and, particularly, kIII phases, and an increase in the precipitation of the kIV phase in a finer and more homogeneous form within the alpha phase.…”
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Comparative computational and experimental insights into the structural, electrical, and biological properties of CeO2 fluorite ceramics by Raj Kumar, Vipin Kumar Gupta, Mohit Khosya, Sangeeta Singh, Upendra Kumar

“…X-ray diffraction studies followed by Rietveld refinement confirmed the fluorite structure. Microstructural analysis showed dense, agglomerated morphologies in both samples. …”
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Synergistic improvement of strength and elongation of Zn-Mg alloys as orthopedic implants through ECAP by Yang Xu, Yu Cai, Tuquan Zheng, Long Zhang, Zhao Li, Jin Xiao, Haozhen Xie

“…Furthermore, the refined microstructure led to improved corrosion resistance, with reduced susceptibility to localized corrosion. …”
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Enhancing the wear and corrosion resistance of TiZrHfTa refractory high-entropy alloys via additive manufacturing by Zairan Luo, Qian Liu, Jiang Yi, MuJin Yang, Zhiqian Rao, Shi Shi, Shuai Wang

“…This microstructure leads to significant grain refinement, reducing the average grain size from 150 μm to 25 μm (>83 % reduction), while enhancing mechanical properties, with microhardness increasing from 360 HV to 659 HV (an 83 % improvement). …”
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Influence of Mn on nanobainite formation kinetics and austenite retention in Al-added medium-Mn steels subjected to hybrid isothermal annealing by Mateusz Morawiec, Jarosław Opara, Adam Skowronek, Alireza Kalhor, Aleksandra Kozłowska, Anna Wojtacha, Adam Grajcar

“…Lower intercritical annealing temperatures (IATs) favored the formation of coarse ferrite laths and residual martensite, whereas higher IATs promoted microstructural refinement. Although 3MnNb achieved 10–15 % nanobainite, further transformation was limited by the stability of RA and sluggish carbon diffusion at 200 °C. …”
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Increase in Toughness of 300-Grade Maraging Steel with Nb Addition by Gerardo Jesus Aracena Pérez, Angelo José Zimmermann, Isabel Ferreira Barros, Marcos Natan da Silva Lima, Edipo Silva, Luís Flávio Gaspar Herculano, Daniel Pallos Fridman, Alexandre Bellegard Farina, Miloslav Béreš, Mohammad Masoumi, Hamilton Ferreira Gomes de Abreu

“…Thermodynamic and kinetic simulations using Thermo-Calc® and JMatPro® guided the alloy design, revealing that Nb addition favors the formation of Ni3Nb and Laves phases and delays precipitation kinetics compared to Ni3Ti. Microstructural characterization (XRD, SEM, EBSD) confirmed martensite refinement and reduced prior austenite grain size (PAGS) with increasing Nb content. …”
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Effect of forging deformation on the formation of {10–12}<10–1–1> twins and their influence on the tensile properties of TC4 by Ren Duqiang, Chen Chuanyong, Xuan Haijun, He Yue, Qu Mingmin, Gang Li, Wenya Peng

“…Tensile behavior was evaluated through experiments and the crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM), and microstructural analysis was carried out via EBSD. Results revealed significant grain refinement at deformation levels above 60 %, attributed to the enhanced activation of {10–12}<10–1–1> twinning, which led to the formation of ultrafine grains and reduced average grain size. …”
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