Rotary friction welding applied to Cu11.8Al0.45Be shape memory alloy by A.A.de Albuquerque, H. Louche, D.F.de Oliveira, I.C.A. Brito

“…The welding zones are well-defined, narrow, and have a very refined microstructure compared to the base metal. …”
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Study on the mechanism of improvement of mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Si aluminum alloys by Cu and Ce by Mulan Peng, Cheng Li, He Wei, Qitao Lv, Zulai Li, Fei Zhang

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Tribo-Mechanical Characteristics of Modified Cu-Cr-Zr Resistance Spot Welding Electrode with Nickel by Ahmad Mostafa, Reham Alhdayat, Rasheed Abdullah

“…Two alloy compositions, designated as Sample A (Cu-0.871%Cr-0.156%Zr) and Sample B (modified with 8.94% Ni), were prepared. Microstructural examination revealed a coarse, mixed equiaxed–columnar grain structure in Sample A, while Sample B exhibited a refined dendritic morphology of about 50 μm PDAS, due to nickel-induced solute partitioning, improving microhardness from 72.763 HV to 83.981 HV. …”
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Enhancing Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coatings on Magnesium Alloys: The Critical Role of Surface Pretreatments by Arash Fattah‐alhosseini, Abdelhameed Fardosi, Alireza Askari, Minoo Karbasi, Burak Dikici, Mosab Kaseem

“…Proper surface pretreatment is essential for achieving optimal adhesion, microstructure, and uniformity of the coatings. Surface pretreatment techniques such as heat treatment, severe plastic deformation (SPD), laser surface modification, chemical immersion, cold spray deposition, and magnetron sputtering have been widely explored to optimize the interfacial bonding and microstructural characteristics of PEO coatings. …”
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Improved resistance to high-temperature oxidation in a fine-grained CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion by Soobin Kim, Young-Kyun Kim, Young Sang Na, Kee-Ahn Lee

“…Moreover at 1000 °C, the internal oxide scale of the L-PBF alloy (∼50 μm) was approximately 60 % thinner than that of the THEA (∼130 μm). This refined microstructure promoted the formation of a stable and continuous Cr2O3 scale and suppressed the formation of spinel phases, thereby enhancing high-temperature oxidation resistance. …”
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Deep‐Learning‐Enhanced Electron Microscopy for Earth Material Characterization by Hans vanMelick, Richard Taylor, Oliver Plümper

“…Abstract Rocks, as Earth materials, contain intricate microstructures that reveal their geological history. …”
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Effect of ultrasonic nanocrystalline surface modification on hardness and elastic modulus of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by Zarina Aringozhina, Nurtoleu Magazov, Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov, Gulzhaz Uazyrkhanova, Auezhan Amanov

“…Hardness increased from 394 (untreated) to 475 HV, while the elastic modulus reached 156 GPa, demonstrating substantial enhancements. Microstructural analysis confirmed that UNSM treatment promotes grain refinement, resulting in improved mechanical characteristics in the surface layer of the alloy. …”
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The Development of a New Bioabsorbable Plastically Deformed Mg-Based Composite with Hydroxyapatite Nanopowder Addition: Towards Improved Degradation and Biological Assessment by Zohaib Hassan, Joanna Idaszek, Kamil Kaszyca, Rafał Zybała, Marek Tkocz, Dariusz Kuc, Jarosław Mizera, Anna Dobkowska

“…In this work, the microstructure and degradation properties of a novel metal matrix composite composed of Mg with the addition of 1 vol. % hydroxyapatite nanopowder (Mg + 1 vol % nHAp) were evaluated. …”
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Grain refinement, twin formation and mechanical properties of magnesium welds with addition of CNTs and TiC particles by Yongkang Gao, Lianyong Xu, Kangda Hao, Yongdian Han, Lei Zhao, Wenjing Ren

“…In this work, microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg weld with addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and TiC particles were investigated. …”
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Crystal growth behavior of nanocrystal anatase TiO2: A Rietveld refinement in WPPF analysis by Md. Tarikul Islam, Sahil Aman, Taiful Bayzid, Md. Ashikur Rahaman, Upoma Podder, Gazi. Md. Arifuzzaman Khan, Md. Ashraful Alam

“…Unlike conventional methods integrated whole powder pattern fitting (WPPF) based Rietveld refinement to quantitatively analyze the crystal structure, phase purity and microstructural features of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs). …”
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New insights into near-surface grain refinement in Ni-containing alloys during high-temperature corrosion at 600 °C by Vicent Ssenteza, Itai Panas, Laura Rioja Monllor, Anton Chyrkin, Tommy Sand, Raveendra Siriki, Torbjörn Jonsson

“…This prompts careful tailoring of alloy composition and processing parameters to achieve suitable microstructure. In this study, detailed experimental evidence of near-surface grain refinement of Alloy 27Cr33Ni3Mo during high-temperature corrosion at 600 °C is presented. …”
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Improved Inconel 718 superalloy repaired performance on 304 stainless steel shafts via recrystallization and Laves phase suppression in hybrid additive-subtractive manufacturing by Yi Li, Junbo Wu, Maoyuan Li, Weiwei Xu, Ruifang Ye, Zhenzhong Wang

“…Additive manufacturing (AM) demonstrates promising applications in component repair, yet its continuous processing mode unavoidably induces localized heat accumulation, leading to critical defects such as microstructural heterogeneity, harmful phase formation and residual stress. …”
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Study on the effect of high energy ultrasonic wave on MIG welding deformation and welding joint performance of LC52 aluminum alloy plate by Cong Jin, Chunguang Xu, Peilu Li, Peng Yin, Yunxi Gao, Yongqiang Wang

“…In addition, the grain size and distribution state of microstructure in the weld zone, fusion and heat affected zone were refined and equalized by using this welding control process. …”
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A novel high-strength and high-toughness dual-phase titanium alloy fabricated by CMT-DED by Zhenwen Chen, He Li, Zhen Wang, Cheng Xu, Xiaoyong Zhang, Jingjing Cheng, Jikang Fan, Jian Kong, Kehong Wang, Yong Peng

“…Room temperature tensile tests and dynamic impact assessments (1500/s to 3000/s) revealed a refined microstructure with short columnar and fine equiaxed prior-β grains, influenced by undercooling and thermal gradients. …”
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Relationship Between Structure and Functional Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Fe-Mn-Si Alloys for Temporary Implants by Olga Rybalchenko, Natalia Martynenko, Natalia Anisimova, Georgy Rybalchenko, Natalia Tabachkova, Elena Lukyanova, Igor Shchetinin, Diana Temralieva, Alexey Tokar, Petr Straumal, Pavel Dolzhenko, Andrey Belyakov, Mikhail Kiselevskiy, Sergey Dobatkin

“…This paper presents a study of microstructure formation in bioresorbable Fe-Mn-Si alloys for temporary implants under high-pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature and at 300 °C. …”
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Grain refinement and polymorphic precipitation of Ni–NbC coatings via ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding by Jingbin Hao, Xuanyu Zheng, Hongren Liu, Lunlei Yang, Hao Liu, Haifeng Yang

“…Ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding (UVALC) is an effective approach for enhancing the performance of wear-resistant coatings through microstructural regulation. In this study, Ni-based coatings reinforced with 20 % NbC particles were fabricated on H13 steel substrates via UVALC under different ultrasonic power levels. …”
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Enhancing strength and ductility in Ti64 Alloys: Optimizing dual-phase heterostructures and TRIP effects via high-entropy alloy content modulation by Yifeng Xiong, Yuhang Hu, Faming Zhang, Qifa Wan, Yan Chen, Weihao Yuan, Shuo Yin, Caiyun Shang

“…By systematically optimizing the HEA content, a lamellar dual-phase microstructure is achieved. The interplay between the refined α’ martensitic phase and the metastable β phase promotes a progressive transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, enabling superior strain hardening and stress redistribution. …”
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Revised cytoarchitectonic mapping of the human premotor cortex identifies seven areas and refines the localisation of frontal eye fields by Sabine H. Ruland, Benjamin Sigl, Jeanette Stangier, Svenja Caspers, Sebastian Bludau, Hartmut Mohlberg, Peter Pieperhoff, Katrin Amunts

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Study on the Tribological Properties of Fe-20Cu Based Self-Lubricating Friction Materials by FU Chuan-qi, XIANG Yong-kuang, WANG Zhou, YANG Zi-jian, GAO Yue, XING Cang-long

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Investigation on non-contact ultrasonic-assisted laser directed energy deposition of 316 austenitic stainless steel by Qinghua Zhang, Yibo Liu, Yongqing Zhao, Jiawei Guo, Haoyu Kong, Huisheng Ren, Qi Sun, Qingjie Sun

“…After applying ultrasound, the surface smoothness of the deposition layer was improved, and the cavitation effect of ultrasound effectively refined the grain size, reducing it from 68.8 μm to 48.9 μm. …”
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