Innovative multi-class segmentation for brain tumor MRI using noise diffusion probability models and enhancing tumor boundary recognition by Zengxin Liu, Caiwen Ma, Wenji She, Meilin Xie

“…The proposed algorithm integrates diffusion models, capitalizing on their efficacy in capturing microstructural details, emphasizing the intricacies of human anatomy and tissue variations that challenge segmentation algorithms. …”
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Investigation of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Acidic Pumice Aggregate-Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Under High-Temperature Exposure by Belkis Elyigit, Cevdet Emin Ekinci

“…Additionally, advanced microstructural analyses (e.g., SEM, XRD), fire resistance evaluations at higher temperatures, and the development of hybrid mixes incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) should be further explored.…”
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Characterisation of fresh extruded rice with added soybean protein isolate by Lu Li, Dandan Li, Xihong Li

“…We used rheological techniques and thermal analysis to determine the suitability of the extrusion process and the loss of heating mass. The microstructure, textural properties, sensory evaluation and rice taste analyser scores of FER were determined. …”
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Case Report: Acute polymorphic psychosis and NMDA-R IgG antibodies in serum: a follow-up case study by Katharina von Zedtwitz, Judith Weiser, Raphael J. Dressle, Simon J. Maier, Bernd Feige, Kathrin Nickel, Nils Venhoff, Katharina Domschke, Katharina Domschke, Joachim Brumberg, Sebastian Rauer, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Luciana Hannibal, Harald Prüss, Harald Prüss, Alexander Rau, Dominique Endres

“…NMDA-R antibody levels in serum decreased to 1:80 after approximately one month without immunotherapy. [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) still revealed pronounced metabolism of the association cortices (clearly more pronounced in the first episode with an encephalitis-like pattern at that time). Advanced MRI analyses including diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI) showed frontal and thalamic microstructural alterations compatible with edematization (but also far less accentuated than in the first episode). …”
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Setting the standard for machine learning in phase field prediction: a benchmark dataset and baseline metrics by Laura Hannemose Rieger, Klemen Zelič, Igor Mele, Tomaž Katrašnik, Arghya Bhowmik

“…Abstract Phase field models are an important mesoscale method that serves as a bridge between the atomic scale and the macroscale, used for modeling complex phenomena at the microstructure level. Machine learning can be employed to accelerate these simulations, enabling faster and more efficient analyses. …”
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Strength and Durability Assessment of Portland Cement Mortars Formulated from Hydrogen-Rich Water by Byung Wan Jo, Muhammad Ali Sikandar, Sumit Chakraborty, Zafar Baloch

“…Based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses, we deduce that the use of HRW in Portland cement mortars produces a more compact, dense, and durable microstructure with fewer voids due to a higher degree of hydration.…”
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Effect of complexity design on the physical-mechanical properties of extrusion welded aluminum panel by Nidya Jullanar Salman, Nurul Muhayat, Hendrato, Triyono

“…Macrostructural and microstructural analyses indicate that as panel designs become more complex, grain structures become finer, driven by increased deformation and strain during material flow through the mold. …”
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Improving Sand–Bentonite Hydromechanical Performance With Shredded Facemask and Colloidal Nanosilica by Febi Satria Gumanta, Soheil Ghadr, Chih-Hsuan Liu, Bo-Ren Lin, Ching Hung

“…To explore the geochemical compositions and microstructures of both untreated and treated SB samples, microstructural analysis techniques were utilized, including X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). …”
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Influence of Nickel Percentage on Lattice Structure and Mechanical Strength in Al-Si Alloy by Shakib Alsowidy, Belqueis Al-Asry, Adnan Alnehia

“…This study focused on investigating the impact of Ni addition at different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 wt. %) on the microstructure and mechanical strength of Al-Si alloy. …”
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Influence of waste glass powder on printability and mechanical properties of 3D printing geopolymer concrete by Zhaoliang Sheng, Binrong Zhu, Jingming Cai, Jinsheng Han, Yamei Zhang, Jinlong Pan

“…Mechanical tests on cured specimens demonstrate a notable increase in compressive and flexural strength with increasing WGP content from 0% to 20%. Microstructural and chemical analyses of the 20% WGP variant reveal a denser morphology and an optimized Si/Al ratio.…”
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The MatHub‐3d first‐principles repository and the applications on thermoelectrics by Lu Liu, Mingjia Yao, Yuxiang Wang, Yeqing Jin, Jialin Ji, Huifang Luo, Yan Cao, Yifei Xiong, Ye Sheng, Xin Li, Di Qiu, Lili Xi, Jinyang Xi, Wenqing Zhang, Lidong Chen, Jiong Yang

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Enhancing mechanical and electrical properties of the Cu-0.2Be-1.0Ni alloy via dual plastic deformations by Jinyun Wang, Pingda Xu, Kai Zhou, Ruibo Song, Zhenyu Hong, Wenting Shao, Jian Chen

“…It is found that, the large plastic deformation is introduced into the alloy and especially a 200 μm deep gradient deformation layer from the interior to surface can be observed with gradually refined grains, increasing dislocation density and decreasing precipitates. These microstructural characteristics confer the alloy a high tensile strength of 894.7 MPa, elongation of 18.3 % and electrical conductivity of 60.1 % IACS. …”
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Factors Affecting Mechanical Properties of Impulse Friction Stir Welded AA2024-T351 Under Static and Cyclic Loads by Iuliia Morozova, Aleksei Obrosov, Anton Naumov, Vesselin Michailov, Nikolay Doynov

“…These findings underline the complex interplay of microstructural and textural factors in determining weld performance, highlighting IFSW as a promising technique for enhancing the durability of high-strength aluminum welds.…”
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Optimizing Bacillus pasteurii spore germination and unveiling impermeability mechanisms in microbial self-healing concrete by Yingying Hu, Weitao Liu, Yutao Zhang, Xuelong Hu

“…Thermal stimulation for 3 minutes effectively triggered germination, presenting a practical activation approach. MIP and SEM analyses were employed to characterize concrete microstructure. …”
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Investigation of the high thermal ageing resistance of the 2219 aluminium alloy by Thomas Perrin, Arthur Després, Pierre Heugue, Alexis Deschamps, Frédéric De Geuser

“…Despite its composition being primarily that of an Al-Cu binary alloy, hardness mappings revealed a limited decrease in mechanical properties. Microstructural characterisation using high-throughput scattering techniques (SAXS & WAXS) showed that this stability is due to a remarkable resistance of the θ’ precipitates to coarsening and limited θ’ to θ transformation, as validated by a precipitate hardening model. …”
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Investigation of Mechanical Strength and Fatigue Crack Growth Behaviour of Hot-Rolled SUP9 Steel for Leaf Spring Suspension Application by Mohammad Badaruddin, Ahmad Kurniawan Purga, Dwi Asmi, Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Slamet Sumardi, Andreas Luki Indratmoko

“…Furthermore, in order to evaluate fatigue crack growth (FCG) behaviour, compact tensile (CT) specimens with different crack plane orientations in both the LT and transverse-longitudinal (TL) directions were employed. Microstructural and fractographic analyses were conducted using optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). …”
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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Calcined Clay Mixed with Agrowaste Char for Sustainable Building Applications by Benjamin Agyei-Tuffour, Michael E. Sewordor, John Freeman Baffoe, Martha Forson, John Ekow Ampah-Essel, Beatrice Ardayfio, Bashiru Kadiri-English, Kwame K. Marfo, John Adjah, Joshua Tuah Asante, Emmanuel Nyankson, David Dodoo-Arhin

“…The calcined clays were characterized for their structural, microstructural, mechanical, and thermal properties after they were mixed with 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt% of agrowaste char of varying sources (i.e., coconut, palm kernel, and acacia). …”
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Characterisation and numerical analysis of 304L austenitic stainless steel wires under tensile and cold rolling deformation by Aymeric Wassermann, Gautier List, Eric Fleury, Olivier Jacquel

“…In parallel rolling experiments on a laboratory rolling mill were conducted with thickness reduction ratios of 20%, 40%, and 60%. Microstructural analyses using Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD) revealed an inhomogeneous distribution of martensite, with a particularly larger value of the volume fraction of martensite in the centre of the rolled samples in comparison to their surfaces. …”
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Pitting corrosion characteristics of gas tungsten arc welded austenitic steel by Afabor Abraham Martins, Basil O. Onyekpe, Oghenerobo Awheme, Cyril O. Uyeri

“…Potentiodynamic polarization tests using a potentiostat were conducted to evaluate the pitting corrosion resistance of the welded samples. Microstructural analyses, aided by scanning electron microscopy, were performed to assess the surface morphologies of the steel samples. …”
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Experimental investigation on WAAM-based functional hard-facing bimetallic part by Akpınar D.E., Dilibal S., Gürol U.

“…After the initial visual inspection and digital X-ray tests, the hardness distribution and macro- and microstructural examinations were carried out. In the subsequent analyses, tensile and Charpy V-notch tests were carried out on the samples taken from the manufactured bimetallic part. …”
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