Regulatory T Cell Responses in Participants with Type 1 Diabetes after a Single Dose of Interleukin-2: A Non-Randomised, Open Label, Adaptive Dose-Finding Trial. by John A Todd, Marina Evangelou, Antony J Cutler, Marcin L Pekalski, Neil M Walker, Helen E Stevens, Linsey Porter, Deborah J Smyth, Daniel B Rainbow, Ricardo C Ferreira, Laura Esposito, Kara M D Hunter, Kevin Loudon, Kathryn Irons, Jennie H Yang, Charles J M Bell, Helen Schuilenburg, James Heywood, Ben Challis, Sankalpa Neupane, Pamela Clarke, Gillian Coleman, Sarah Dawson, Donna Goymer, Katerina Anselmiova, Jane Kennet, Judy Brown, Sarah L Caddy, Jia Lu, Jane Greatorex, Ian Goodfellow, Chris Wallace, Tim I Tree, Mark Evans, Adrian P Mander, Simon Bond, Linda S Wicker, Frank Waldron-Lynch

“…<h4>Background</h4>Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has an essential role in the expansion and function of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs reduce tissue damage by limiting the immune response following infection and regulate autoreactive CD4+ effector T cells (Teffs) to prevent autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). …”
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A genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in a cohort of healthy healthcare workers by Antonio José Cabrera-Serrano, Antonio José Cabrera-Serrano, Lucía Ruiz-Durán, Lucía Ruiz-Durán, Juan Francisco Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan Francisco Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan Francisco Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan Francisco Gutiérrez-Bautista, María Carretero-Fernández, María Carretero-Fernández, Rob ter Horst, Rob ter Horst, Rob ter Horst, Yang Li, Yang Li, Fernando Jesús Reyes-Zurita, Francisco José García-Verdejo, Francisco José García-Verdejo, Mihai G. Netea, Mihai G. Netea, Pedro Sánchez-Rovira, Pedro Sánchez-Rovira, Miguel Ángel López-Nevot, Miguel Ángel López-Nevot, Miguel Ángel López-Nevot, Antonio Sampedro, Antonio Sampedro, Juan Sainz, Juan Sainz, Juan Sainz, Juan Sainz

“…Furthermore, these variants co-localize with multiple QTLs and epigenetic marks, suggesting that the GWAS hits may affect regulatory activity in promoters, enhancers, and transcriptional regions, thereby modulating gene expression relevant to the humoral immune response.DiscussionIn conclusion, this study highlights the complex interplay of genetic factors influencing the immune response to vaccination, particularly through modulation of B cell activity, immune signaling pathways, and metabolic processes. …”
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A critical role for Phocaeicola vulgatus in negatively impacting metformin response in diabetes by Manyun Chen, Yilei Peng, Yuhui Hu, Zhiqiang Kang, Ting Chen, Yulong Zhang, Xiaoping Chen, Qing Li, Zuyi Yuan, Yue Wu, Heng Xu, Gan Zhou, Tao Liu, Honghao Zhou, Chunsu Yuan, Weihua Huang, Wei Zhang

“…Suppressing P. vulgatus growth with cefaclor or improving mitochondrial function using adenosylcobalamin may represent simple, safe, effective therapeutic strategies for addressing MMF.…”
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Protective effects and mechanisms of quercetin in animal models of hyperuricemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Xueren Bian, Zhihao Ge, Xuannan Chen, Shutian Zhong, Lu Li, Wanfeng Xu, Bo Li, Suhong Chen, Guiyuan Lv

“…The results of our meta-analysis showed that, compared with the model group, quercetin not only effectively alleviated the pathological injury of the kidney and liver and improved the renal function indexes in the animal model of hyperuricemia but also played a role in lowering uric acid by modulating multiple signaling pathways such as oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and transporter proteins. …”
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Enhancing antitumor immunity through the combination of cholesterolized TLR7 agonist liposomes and radiotherapy: a role for IL‐1β and the inflammasome pathway by Xuejiao Han, Yuan Cheng, Dandan Wan, Aqu Alu, Ziqi Zhang, Zhenfei Bi, Manni Wang, Yan Tang, Weiqi Hong, Siyuan Chen, Li Chen, Yuquan Wei

“…In vitro, primary mouse bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were utilized to investigate changes in function and the activated pathways through RNA sequencing. …”
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BIOSPHERE measurement campaign from January 2024 to March 2024 and in May 2024: Effects of the solar events on the radiation belts, UV radiation and ozone in the atmosphere by Viviane Pierrard, David Bolsée, Alexandre Winant, Amer Al-Qaaod, Faton Krasniqi, Maximilien Péters de Bonhome, Edith Botek, Lionel Van Laeken, Danislav Sapundjiev, Roeland Van Malderen, Alexander Mangold, Iva Ambrozova, Marek Sommer, Jakub Slegl, Styliani A Geronikolou, Alexandros G Georgakilas, Alexander Dorn, Benjamin Rapp, Jaroslav Solc, Lukas Marek, Cristina Oancea, Lionel Doppler, Ronald Langer, Sarah Walsh, Marco Sabia, Marco Vuolo, Alex Papayannis, Carlos Granja

“…Complemented by a simulation of radiation effects on the ionization rate of the atmosphere as a function of the altitude, the extensive range of different observations available during this measurement campaign demonstrated that SEP and geomagnetic storms due to solar eruptions had very different effects on the terrestrial atmosphere. …”
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Transcription factor ELF4 in physiology and diseases: Molecular roles and clinical implications by Dian Hu, Zerui Zhang, Yijun Wang, Siwen Li, Jiaqian Zhang, Zhangfan Wu, Mengyu Sun, Junqing Jiang, Danfei Liu, Xiaoyu Ji, Shuai Wang, Yufei Wang, Xiangyuan Luo, Wenjie Huang, Limin Xia

“…It also exerts a critical impact on the development of the immune system. However, its function is dysregulated through posttranslational modifications, gene fusions, and complex signaling crosstalk under pathological conditions. …”
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T-2 toxin-induced spatial learning and memory impairment in mice via the gut-brain axis and the intervening effects of resveratrol by Sheng-Quan Su, Gui-Yuan Xiong, Chun-Yan Yao, Xiao-Ling Liu, Yin-Yin Xia, Jin-Yun Long, Xiu-Kuan Li, Liang-Mei Wang, Long Yi, Wu-Wei Xu, Wu-Qiang Lu, Qian-Qian Li, Ting Hu, Hao Liu, Ke-Xue Wang, Peng Luo, Tong-Jian Cai

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The TEX44-CPT1B axis regulates mitochondrial sheath assembly and fatty acid oxidation in sperm by Erlei Zhi, Haowei Bai, Chuan Ren, Yue Dong, Jintao Zhang, Yanzhi Xu, Chen Tan, Yun Pan, Lunni Zhou, Peng Li, Yueqiu Tan, Yihong Zhou, Lanlan Meng, Junwei Xu, Yuxiang Zhang, Shuai Xu, Zhiyong Ji, Liangyu Zhao, Min Jiang, Zheng Li, Chencheng Yao, Yuchuan Zhou, Jianping Wu, Xiaoyu Yang, Siyu Liu, Mingxi Liu

“…Abstract Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is essential for energy production and cellular homeostasis, yet its role in sperm function has remained unclear. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 800 patients with asthenozoospermia, we identified biallelic Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) variants in six individuals, all of whom exhibited defective mitochondrial sheath assembly and impaired sperm motility. …”
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Myosin inhibition enhances cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity through SIRT1-NFAT-mediated H3K9me3 modification by Rui Jiang, Jiayu Chen, Lijuan Pei, Shiqi Huang, Mengying Feng, Zhaohui Ouyang, Min Yuan, Yalin Zhu, Su Yao, Fenglian He, Hongjie Zhang, Xin Dong, Peng Xie, Ke Wei

“…Achieving cardiomyocyte division is a challenging undertaking, as the contractile function, a major characteristic of cardiomyocytes, is not overall compatible with cell cycle progression. …”
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LncRNA PELATON regulates Th2 cell differentiation by miR-10b-5p/GATA3 axis in allergic rhinitis by Zhen Liu, MD, Yumei Li, PhD, Xiangkun Zhao, MM, Qi Sun, MD, Yu Zhang, MD, Yaqi Wang, MM, Han Fang, MD, Yujuan Yang, MD, Yakui Mou, MD, Xicheng Song, MD

“…This study investigated the immunomodulatory function of lncRNA PELATON in AR pathogenesis by exploring its regulatory effects on Th2 cell differentiation. …”
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SRSF7 promotes pulmonary fibrosis through regulating PKM alternative splicing in lung fibroblasts by Tongzhu Jin, Huiying Gao, Yuquan Wang, Zhiwei Ning, Danyang Bing, Yan Wang, Yi Chen, Xiaomu Tian, Qiudi Liu, Zhihui Niu, Jiayu Guo, Jian Sun, Ruoxuan Yang, Qianqian Wang, Shifen Li, Tianyu Li, Yuhong Zhou, Wenxin He, Yanjie Lu, Yunyan Gu, Haihai Liang

“…In this study, we identified an up-regulation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7) in lung fibroblasts derived from IPF patients and a bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse model, and further characterized its functional role in both human fetal lung fibroblasts and mice. …”
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A novel antidepressant mechanism of baicalin: enhancing KIF5A-mediated axoplasmic transport and vesicular trafficking in glutamatergic neurons by Shuaifei Lu, Shuaifei Lu, Jiduo Shen, Jiduo Shen, Xiaohui Jin, Xiaohui Jin, Changjing Zhang, Changjing Zhang, Baoying Wang, Baoying Wang, Xianghua Liu, Xianghua Liu, Ming Bai, Ming Bai, Erping Xu, Erping Xu, Xiangli Yan, Xiangli Yan, Yucheng Li, Yucheng Li

“…This study aims to investigate the antidepressant mechanisms of baicalin through modulation of axoplasmic transport in hippocampal neurons.MethodsMale C57BL/6N mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and treated with baicalin (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (20 mg/kg). …”
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Fermented black soldier fly larvae as a sustainable replacement for marine fish in Asian swamp eel diets by Yifan Xiang, Shaoqi Gao, Yanhui Luo, Gaojian Tang, Xiuwei Zou, Kai Xie, Wenjie Niu, Xinyi Li, Junan Xiang, Ling Zhang, Zhu Tan, Xiaoyu Zeng, Bo Wang

“…Conclusion: Partial replacement of marine fish with fermented BSFL enhanced ASE survival, modulated intestinal immunity, and improved mucosal barrier function, without compromising overall growth performance. …”
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Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: A joint advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medic... by Dariush Mozaffarian, Monica Agarwal, Monica Aggarwal, Lydia Alexander, Caroline M. Apovian, Shagun Bindlish, Jonathan Bonnet, W. Scott Butsch, Sandra Christensen, Eugenia Gianos, Mahima Gulati, Alka Gupta, Debbie Horn, Ryan M. Kane, Jasdeep Saluja, Deepa Sannidhi, Fatima Cody Stanford, Emily A. Callahan

“…Priorities to address this include: (a) patient-centered initiation of GLP-1s, including goals for weight reduction and health; (b) baseline screening, including usual dietary habits, emotional triggers, disordered eating, and relevant medical conditions; (c) comprehensive exam including muscle strength, function, and body composition assessment; (d) social determinants of health screening; (e) and lifestyle assessment including aerobic activity, strength training, sleep, mental stress, substance use, and social connections. …”
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miR-107 represses DMPK and is sequestered by CUG repeats triggering the MSI2/miR-7 pathogenesis axis in myotonic dystrophy by N. Moreno, M. Sabater-Arcis, J. Espinosa-Espinosa, L. Mulet-Rivero, E. García-España, J. González-García, D. Seoane-Miraz, M.J.A. Wood, M.A. Varela, J. Ohana, T. Sevilla, M. Perez Alonso, A. Bargiela, R. Artero

“…We found that in DM1, miR-107 function is impaired because expanded CUG repeats sequester it, causing an increase in the expression of its targets, including MSI2. …”
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Recent advances in ultra-precision machining of lithium niobate crystals by Yebing TIAN, Chengwei WEI, Xiaomei SONG, Cheng QIAN

“…Conclusions and Prospects: As critical functional materials in advanced applications, such as 5G wireless communication, integrated/micro-nanophotonics, and big-data processing, LiNbO3 crystals have garnered significant attention for their potential in ultra-precision machining technologies. …”
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Sirtuin 4 accelerates heart failure development by enhancing reactive oxygen species-mediated profibrotic transcriptional signaling by Nikole J. Byrne, Christoph Koentges, Elisabeth Khan, Katharina Pfeil, Robert Sandulescu, Sayan Bakshi, Carolin Költgen, Ivan Vosko, Johannes Gollmer, Thomas Rathner, Günter Roth, Michael M. Hoffmann, Katja E. Odening, Hauke Horstmann, Luke A. Potter, Christoph Bode, Dennis Wolf, Harald Sourij, Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer, Markus Wallner, Peter P. Rainer, Simon Sedej, Daniel Scherr, Dirk von Lewinski, Adam R. Wende, Andreas Zirlik, Heiko Bugger

“…Methods and results: Mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of Sirt4 (cSirt4-Tg) or non-transgenic controls underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham procedure. Cardiac structure, function and energy metabolism were assessed by echocardiography and working heart perfusions. …”
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GSTM1 suppresses cardiac fibrosis post-myocardial infarction through inhibiting lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis by Kai-Jie Chen, Yue Zhang, Xin-Yi Zhu, Shuo Yu, Yao Xie, Cheng-Jiang Jin, Yi-Min Shen, Si-Yu Zhou, Xiao-Ce Dai, Sheng-An Su, Lan Xie, Zheng-Xing Huang, Hui Gong, Mei-Xiang Xiang, Hong Ma

“…Overexpression of GSTM1 in post-MI mice improved cardiac function, while significantly reducing infarct size and fibrosis compared with the control group. …”
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The swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus spike protein promotes syncytial formation via upregulation of cellular cholesterol synthesis by Dakai Liu, Miaomiao Zeng, Jiyu Zhang, Liaoyuan Zhang, Hongyan Shi, Xin Zhang, Jialin Zhang, Jianfei Chen, Zhaoyang Ji, Xiuwen Li, Gengting Gu, Tingshuai Feng, Da Shi, Dongbo Sun, Li Feng

“…These insights contribute to a better understanding of SADS-CoV infection mechanisms and may inform future therapeutic strategies.IMPORTANCECholesterol, a vital component of cellular membranes, is crucial for maintaining cell structure and function. It also acts as an essential host factor for the entry, replication, and propagation of various viruses. …”
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