YOLO-PEL: The Efficient and Lightweight Vehicle Detection Method Based on YOLO Algorithm by Zhi Wang, Kaiyu Zhang, Fei Wu, Hongxiang Lv

“…The model also incorporates the Wise-IoUv3 loss function to mitigate the deleterious gradients caused by extreme examples in vehicle detection samples, resulting in more precise detection outcomes. …”
Get full text

Molecular Factors Mediating Neural Cell Plasticity Changes in Dementia Brain Diseases by Wojciech Kozubski, Kevin Ong, Wioletta Waleszczyk, Matthew Zabel, Jolanta Dorszewska

“…Available pharmacotherapy and disease-modifying therapies currently in clinical trials may modulate synaptic plasticity to mitigate the effects neuropathological changes have on cognitive function, memory, and learning. …”
Get full text

Effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis and bacteriophage on growth performance, intestinal morphology and microbiota structure in 0–90 d MaGang geese by Chenyu Zhu, Yongquan Luo, Kunjie Xu, Yong Li, Yuanhao Han, Zhiyuan Liu, Xiujin Li, Danning Xu, Yunbo Tian, Yunmao Huang, Zhongping Wu, Xumeng Zhang

“…Microbialenvironmental correlation analysis identified Firmicutes and Desulfobacterota as growth-promoting but barrier-compromising taxa, while Bacteroidota was associated with improved gut integrity.ConclusionThis research has shown that adding B. subtilis and bacteriophages to feed significantly enhances the intestinal barrier function of geese. The findings demonstrate that combined supplementation of B. subtilis and bacteriophages during the brooding and rearing stages optimizes growth performance through gut-microbiota-immune interactions, providing an effective antibiotic-free strategy for sustainable poultry production.…”
Get full text

Diurnal regulation of metabolism by Gs-alpha in hypothalamic QPLOT neurons. by Kevin D Gaitonde, Mutahar Andrabi, Courtney A Burger, Shane P D'Souza, Shruti Vemaraju, Bala S C Koritala, David F Smith, Richard A Lang

“…To analyze daily rhythmic patterns of metabolism, we assessed circadian parameters including amplitude, phase, and MESOR. Loss-of-function GNAS in QPLOT neurons resulted in several subtle rhythmic changes in multiple metabolic parameters. …”
Get full text

Boron Nitride Nanostructures (BNNs) Within Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Electrochemical Platform for Hydrogen Sensing and Storage by Azizah Alamro, Thanih Balbaied

“…Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying hydrogen sensing and storage are examined, including physisorption, chemisorption, charge transfer, and work function modulation. Electrochemical characterization techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge–discharge, are used to analyze the performance of BNN-MOF systems in hydrogen storage and sensing applications. …”
Get full text

An Overview of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Its Mechanisms in Sepsis by Cao M, Zhang X, Wang X, Zhao D, Shi M, Zou J, Li L, Jiang H

“…LLPS may affect the development of sepsis through several pathways, such as modulation of inflammatory factors, immune responses, and cell death, by altering the function or activity of biomolecules, which, in turn, affect the cellular response to infection and inflammation. …”
Get full text

Differentially Expressed Genes Analysis in the Human Small Airway Epithelium of Healthy Smokers Shows Potential Risks of Disease Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and the... by Irandi Putra Pratomo, Aryo Tedjo, Dimas R. Noor, null Rosmalena

“…DEG (p<0.05) analysis result shows that there are 23 genes whose expression regulation is reversed compared to gene expression due to AST treatment. The gene function annotations of the 23 DEGs showed the involvement of some of these genes in chemical and oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptotic signaling pathways. …”
Get full text

Melittin alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo through regulating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathways by Jiawang Yu, WeiHua Lu

“…Its multifaceted and complex mechanism of action inhibits both EMT and ECM production by modulating the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway. It also improves mitochondrial function and reduces OS at least partially through the activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.…”
Get full text

Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol is elevated in the coronary circulation during acute coronary syndrome. by Julian Jehle, Hanna Goerich, Laura Bindila, Beat Lutz, Georg Nickenig, Vedat Tiyerili

“…<h4>Objectives</h4>The endocannabinoid system modulates coronary circulatory function and atherogenesis. …”
Get full text

NMDA Receptor–Mediated Ca2+ Flux Attenuated by the NMDA Receptor/TRPM4 Interface Inhibitor Brophenexin by Jordan Casby, Benjamin M. Gansemer, Stanley A. Thayer

“…Brophenexin inhibited NMDA‐evoked currents recorded in Na+‐free solution by 87% ± 13%, suggesting that brophenexin and TRPM4 modulate NMDAR function. Incubating cultures in Mg2+‐free buffer containing tetrodotoxin, 6‐cyano‐7‐nitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione, and bicuculline for 30 min inhibited NMDA‐evoked increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) recorded at 22°C by 50% ± 18% and prevented inhibition by brophenexin. …”
Get full text

Some Stars Fade Quietly: Varied Supernova Explosion Outcomes and Their Effects on the Multiphase Interstellar Medium by Ulrich P. Steinwandel, Jared A. Goldberg

“…In contrast, the increase and decrease in the canonical SN-energy have a clear impact on the phase structure, with loading factors that are at least 10 times lower/higher and a clear change in the phase structure (the energy loading is normalized self-consistently to the initial mass function averaged explosion energy). We conclude that these modulations are driven not by the minor change in SN-energy but rather by the likelihood of whether or not an event occurs when variable SN energies are applied.…”
Get full text

GES-YOLO: A Light-Weight and Efficient Method for Conveyor Belt Deviation Detection in Mining Environments by Hongwei Wang, Ziming Kou, Yandong Wang

“…Finally, to improve the detection capability for small objects such as conveyor rollers, we introduce the Scaled Intersection over Union (SIoU) loss function, enabling the algorithm to sensitively detect rollers and provide a precise localization for deviation detection. …”
Get full text

Hypoxic Neuroinflammation in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis by Bethany Y. A. Hollingworth, Patrick N. Pallier, Stuart I. Jenkins, Ruoli Chen

“…Within MS lesions, demyelination is often followed by remyelination, which may restore neurological function. However, demyelinated axons are vulnerable to damage, which leads to the accumulation of the permanent neurological dysfunction typical in MS, with this vulnerability heightened during hypoxia. …”
Get full text

Electrophysiological properties of vestibular hair cells isolated from human crista by Nesrien Mohamed, Mohammad Al-Amin, Frances L. Meredith, Olivia Kalmanson, Anna Dondzillo, Stephen Cass, Samuel Gubbels, Katherine J. Rennie

“…Rapid access to surgically obtained adult human vestibular neuroepithelia allows translational studies crucial for improved understanding of human peripheral vestibular function.…”
Get full text

RNF213 Acts as a Molecular Switch for Cav-1 Ubiquitination and Phosphorylation in Human Cells by Jungmi Choi, Ryoichi Inoue, Yuki Masuo, Yukiko Shimizu, Kazuhiro Sonomura, Minsoo Kim, Hatasu Kobayashi, Kouji H. Harada, Yohei Mineharu, Akio Koizumi, Tohru Tezuka, Shohab Youssefian

“…Collectively, our results indicate that RNF213 functions as a molecular switch modulating Cav-1 signaling based on RNF213 functionality and cellular conditions. …”
Get full text

Identification of Splicing Regulatory Activity of ATXN1 and Its Associated Domains by Ai Ohki, Masahide Kato, Yoshitaka Aoki, Arisa Kubokawa, Motoaki Yanaizu, Yoshihiro Kino

“…The AXH domain alone failed to exhibit splicing regulatory activity, whereas the central region demonstrated weak but significant splicing regulation. Full regulatory function required at least one of these regions, suggesting their redundant role in splicing modulation. …”
Get full text

The role of cGAS-STING pathway ubiquitination in innate immunity and multiple diseases by Chunyan Deng, Dongyan Chen, Liang Yang, Yubiao Zhang, Cheng Jin, Yue Li, Qihong Lin, Mingjing Luo, Ruihao Zheng, Baozhen Huang, Sixi Liu

“…Furthermore, the ubiquitination of the cGAS-STING pathway serves distinct functions in various cell types and engages with NF-κB, IRF3/7, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. …”
Get full text

Unveiling the Role of Oligosaccharyltransferase STT3B in Colorectal Cancer Tissues: Clinical significance and Molecular Mechanisms Driving the Formation of Tertiary Lymphoid Struct... by Caixia Zhang, Bin Wang, Xiaofeng Bian, Youcai Zhao, Xiaobing Yang, Wei Zhao

“…This study investigates the function of the oligosaccharyltransferase subunit STT3B in modulating TLS formation and B cell activity within colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. …”
Get full text

TNIK-driven regulation of ERK5 transcriptional activity in endothelial cells by Venkata Subrahmanya Kumar Samanthapudi, Sivareddy Kotla, Nhat-Tu Le

“…Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is essential for cardiovascular development and endothelial cell (EC) function. Activation of ERK5 through MEK5-mediated phosphorylation at threonine 218 and tyrosine 220 (T218/Y220) drives the transcriptional activation of myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2), promoting the expression of KLF2 and KLF4—key transcription factors that maintain vascular homeostasis. …”
Get full text

Association of Cholesterol Efflux Capacity With Clinical Features of Metabolic Syndrome: Relevance to Atherosclerosis by Julie Gall, Eric Frisdal, Randa Bittar, Wilfried Le Goff, Eric Bruckert, Philippe Lesnik, Maryse Guerin, Philippe Giral

“…Cholesterol efflux capacity was reduced progressively by 4% to 11% (P<0.0001) as a function of the increasing number of coexisting criteria for the metabolic syndrome from 1 to 5. …”
Get full text